scholarly journals NON-STATIONARY MODEL OF THE SOLAR CORE

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
S.F. Skoromnaya ◽  
V.I. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Stationary Model ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Oscillatory Processes

The main parameters of the standard model of the Sun are considered, according to which the Sun is considered as a spherically symmetric and quasistatic star, and thermonuclear reactions of the pp-cycle mainly occur inside it and the energy is uniformly released at a rate of 2·10-4J/(kg·s). Based on observational data it was concluded that the Sun is not a star with uniformly ongoing processes, it is characterized by oscillatory processes and flashes. It is proposed to consider the non-stationary model of the Sun, in which it is required to take into account the existence of electromagnetic waves in the plasma of the solar core and, as a result, the existence of wave collapses (WC). A three-dimensional axially symmetric WC is considered and an estimate of the velocity of removal of the plasma of the solar core during the development of a three-dimensional axially symmetric WC is given. For the considered WC the existence of three directions of flows of elementary plasma volumes relative to the observer is demonstrated: one direction is due to the moving the elementary plasma volume from the observer and the other  to him. The third direction of moving of the elementary plasma volumes is perpendicular to the direction of observation and their velocity relative to the observer is zero. It is concluded that the existence of such motions of elementary plasma volumes during the development of WC can leave a definite imprint on the parameters of the synthesis products in them.

A novel one-dimensional CoIIcoordination polymer:catena-poly[[hexaaquacobalt(II)] [[diaquabis(sulfato-κO)cobalt(II)]-μ-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2N:N′] [[triaqua(sulfato-κO)cobalt(II)]-μ-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2N:N′]]

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. m265-m268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Long Zhong ◽  
Ming-Yi Qian
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Supramolecular Network ◽  
Sulfate Ion ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions

The title compound, {[Co(H2O)6][Co(SO4)(C10H8N2)(H2O)3][Co(SO4)2(C10H8N2)(H2O)2]}n, contains three crystallographically unique CoIIcentres, all of which are in six-coordinated environments. One CoIIcentre is coordinated by two bridging 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bipy) ligands, one sulfate ion and three aqua ligands. The second CoIIcentre is surrounded by two N atoms of two 4,4′-bipy ligands and four O atoms,i.e.two O atoms from two monodentate sulfate ions and two from water molecules. The third CoIIcentre forms part of a hexaaquacobalt(II) ion. In the crystal structure, there are two different one-dimensional chains, one being anionic and the other neutral, and adjacent chains are arranged in a cross-like fashion around the mid-point of the 4,4′-bipy ligands. The structure features O—H...O hydrogen-bonding interactions between sulfate anions and water molecules, resulting in a three-dimensional supramolecular network.

scholarly journals V. Researches in spectrum-analysis in connexion with the spectrum of the sun

1874 ◽  
Vol 22 (148-155) ◽  
pp. 391-391
Keyword(s):  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Photographic Method ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Third

Maps of the spectra of calcium, barium, and strontium have been constructed from photographs taken by the method described in a former communication (the third of this series). The maps comprise the portion of the spectrum extending from wave-length 3900 to wave-length 4500, and are laid before the Society as a specimen of the results obtainable by the photographic method, in the hope of securing the cooperation of other observers. The method of mapping is described in detail, and tables of wave-lengths accompany the maps. The wave-lengths assigned to the new lines must be considered only as approximations to the truth. Many of the coincidences between lines in distinct spectra recorded by former observers bave been shown, by the photographic method, to be caused by the presence of one substance as an impurity in the other; but a certain number of coincidences still remain undetermined. The question of the reversal of the new lines in the solar spectrum is reserved till better pho­tographs can be obtained.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of poly[N,N-diethyl-2-hydroxyethan-1-aminium [μ3-cyanido-κ3C:C:N-di-μ-cyanido-κ4C:N-dicuprate(I)]]

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 892-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. R. Corfield ◽  
Emma Cleary ◽  
Joseph F. Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Charge Neutrality ◽  
The Third ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Covalent Interactions ◽  
Centrosymmetric Dimers

In the title compound, {(C6H16NO)[Cu2(CN)3]}n, the cyanide groups link the CuIatoms into an open three-dimensional anionic network, with the molecular formula Cu2(CN)3−. One CuIatom is tetrahedrally bound to four CN groups, and the other CuIatom is bonded to three CN groups in an approximate trigonal-planar coordination. The tetrahedrally coordinated CuIatoms are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by the C atoms of two end-on bridging CN groups which bring the CuIatoms into close contact at 2.5171 (7) Å. Two of the cyanide groups bonded to the CuIatoms with trigonal-planar surrounding link the dimeric units into columns along theaaxis, and the third links the columns together to form the network. TheN,N-diethylethanolamine molecules used in the synthesis have become protonated at the N atoms and are situated in cavities in the network, providing charge neutrality, with no covalent interactions between the cations and the anionic network.

Tethering in pastures new

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (554) ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
John D. Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Slip Rings

In a recent and illuminating article that provided much food for thought [1], the problem of tethering a goat at the edge of a circular pasture so as to restrict its attentions to only one half of the grazing supply was elegantly addressed and developed further to embrace the corresponding three-dimensional scenario involving a bird. The exercises resulted in mathematical formulations that required the use of numerical methods to extract practical results. Following the article, various questions and different scenarios sprang to my mind. The following poser perhaps best illustrates one of these, and it is the purpose of this Article to address this particular conundrum:A grazier has three troublesome beasts that are water averse, eat grass and who will, given half a chance, eat one another also in some fashion. The first will eat the other two and the second will eat only the third, which eats just grass. Having stabled and fed them in separate stalls during the winter months he plans to release them in the spring to an arbitrarily elliptic shaped pasture up to the water's edge in the middle of a lake. He has at his disposal: (1)A drum of tethering rope from which he can cut just once any required length, TBD (To Be Determined).(2)Slip rings and two tethering pegs that can be positioned only on the pasture boundary (i.e. at the water's edge).

scholarly journals Hairy magnetic and dyonic black holes in the Standard Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Mrunal Korwar
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Magnetic Charge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Additional Mass ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Interesting Object ◽  
Higgs Fields

Abstract Spherically symmetric magnetic and dyonic black holes with a magnetic charge Q = 2 are studied in the Standard Model and general relativity. A magnetically charged black hole with mass below 9.3 × 1035 GeV has a “hairy” cloud of electroweak gauge and Higgs fields outside the event horizon with 1/mW in size. An extremal magnetic black hole has a hair mass of 3.6 TeV, while an extremal dyonic black hole has an additional mass of q2 × 1.6 GeV for a small electric charge q ≪ 2π/e2. A hairy dyonic black hole with an integer charge is not stable and can decay into a magnetic one plus charged fermions. On the other hand, a hairy magnetic black hole can evolve via Hawking radiation into a nearly extremal one that is cosmologically stable and an interesting object to be searched for.

scholarly journals The Third Dimention in a Landscape

Secreta Artis ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Daria Vladimirovna Fomicheva
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Landscape Painting ◽  
The Third ◽  
Soviet Art ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The present study examines the principles of conveying the third dimension in landscape painting. The author analyzes the recommendations provided in J. Littlejohns’ manual entitled “The Composition of a Landscape” [London, 1931]. J. Littlejohns describes four methods of showing depth in a landscape painting, each illustrated with pictorial composition schemes: 1) portrayal of long roads, which allows one to unveil the plasticity of the land surface; 2) creation of a “route” for the viewer by means of a well-thought-out arrangement of natural landforms; 3) introduction of vertically and horizontally flowing streams of water on different picture planes; 4) depiction of cloud shadows on a distinctly hilly landscape. The author of the article compares the schemes contained in the manual of J. Littlejohns with the works of G. G. Nissky, which enables readers to comprehend and reflect on the compositions of the masterpieces created by a prominent figure in Soviet art; on the other hand, Nissky’s landscape paintings open for a deeper understanding of the meaning and effectiveness of the methods proposed by J. Littlejohns. The outlined composition techniques are certainly relevant for contemporary artists (painters, graphic artists, animators, designers, etc.) as they make it possible to achieve the plastic expressiveness of a three-dimensional space in a twodimensional image.

scholarly journals (5RS)-5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfanyl)benzo[g]pyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-4,6,11(3H,5H,12H)-trione, withZ′ = 3, forms a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded framework containing five types of hydrogen bond

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yelder A. Castillo ◽  
Luis F. Zapata ◽  
Jorge Trilleras ◽  
Justo Cobo ◽  
Christopher Glidewell
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Framework Structure ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Molecular Conformations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Independent Molecules

The title compound, C23H17N3O4S, crystallizes withZ′ = 3 in the space groupP\overline{1}. Two of the three independent molecules are broadly similar in terms of both their molecular conformations and their participation in hydrogen bonds, but the third molecule differs from the other two in both of these respects. The molecules are linked by a combination of N—H...O, N—H...N, C—H...O, C—H...N and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds to form a continuous three-dimensional framework structure within which a centrosymmetric six-molecule aggregate can be identified as a key structural element.

scholarly journals Poly[[diaquadeca-μ2-cyanido-κ20C:N-hexacyanido-κ6C-bis(μ2-5-methylpyrimidine-κ2N:N′)bis(5-methylpyrimidine-κN)tricopper(II)ditungstate(V)] dihydrate]

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. m47-m48
Author(s):  
Yoshihide Tsunobuchi ◽  
Souhei Kaneko ◽  
Koji Nakabayashi ◽  
Shin-ichi Ohkoshi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Coordination Polyhedron ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Title Complex ◽  
Trigonal Prism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dimensional Network

In the title complex, {[Cu3[W(CN)8]2(C5H6N2)4(H2O)2]·2H2O}n, the coordination polyhedron of the eight-coordinated WVatom is a bicapped trigonal prism, in which five CN groups are bridged to CuIIions, and the other three CN groups are terminally bound. Two of the CuIIions lie on a centre of inversion and each of the three independent CuIIcations is pseudo-octahedrally coordinated. In the crystal structure, cyanido-bridged-Cu—W—Cu layers are linked by pillars involving the third independent CuIIion, generating a three-dimensional network with non-coordinating water molecules and 5-methylpyrimidine molecules. O—H...O and O—H...N hydrogen bonds involve the coordinating and non-coordinating water molecules, the CN groups and the 5-methylpyrimidine molecules.

scholarly journals A Survey of Stakeholder Visualization Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1,2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Cenek ◽  
Ondřej Částek
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The aim of this paper is to present an overview of studies for the representation/visualization of stakeholders with a proposal of our own method of visualization. The following text examines the existing representational methods and at the same time critically evaluates their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, our own proposed approach is also presented.The need to develop visualization methods for use in the concept of stakeholders has been accepted by researchers, and it is possible to encounter number of various alternatives which have been applied more or less successfully. The shared weakness of the majority of the models is that they only represent two main attributes simultaneously. When such models do contain three variables, then the third one is only a complementary aspect of the relationship compared to the two dominant attributes.Our proposed visualisation model based on three Mitchell´s (1997) stakeholder attributes should overcome the before mentioned disadvantage. Also, it takes into account the development over time in accordance with the dynamic of the relationships with the stakeholders. Therefore, the proposed three-dimensional model meets these needs and simultaneously removes the shortcomings of the other models, which are identified in our overview presented in this paper.

Variational treatment of inertia–gravity waves interacting with a quasi-geostrophic mean flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 502-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Variational Principle ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Potential Vorticity ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
The Third ◽  
Variational Treatment ◽  
Inertia Gravity Waves

The equations for three-dimensional hydrostatic Boussinesq dynamics are equivalent to a variational principle that is closely analogous to the variational principle for classical electrodynamics. Inertia–gravity waves are analogous to electromagnetic waves, and available potential vorticity (i.e. the amount by which the potential vorticity exceeds the potential vorticity of the rest state) is analogous to electric charge. The Lagrangian can be expressed as the sum of three parts. The first part corresponds to quasi-geostrophic dynamics in the absence of inertia–gravity waves. The second part corresponds to inertia–gravity waves in the absence of quasi-geostrophic flow. The third part represents a coupling between the inertia–gravity waves and quasi-geostrophic motion. This formulation provides the basis for a general theory of inertia–gravity waves interacting with a quasi-geostrophic mean flow.

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