scholarly journals Effects of gamma radiation and post-operative cisplatin injection on the incorporation of bone allografts in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
O.Ye. Vyrva ◽  
Ya.O. Holovina ◽  
N.O. Ashukina ◽  
R.V. Malyk ◽  
Z.M. Danyshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Bone Allograft ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Distal Metaphysis ◽  
Bone Allografts ◽  
Oncological Patients

Background. The reconstruction of long bone defects that occur after resection of tumors is a problem that requires constant study. Bone allografts are often used in this scenario. Unfortunately, while they are prepared, allografts partially lose their strength and osteoinductive properties; their survivability in oncological patients is only 40% after 10 years. This is why the search for superior allograft treatment methods and the study of allograft remodeling and incorporation in oncological patients, whose state has been affected by radiation or chemotherapy, is an area of interest. Purpose – study the structure of bone tissue in the distal metaphysis of a rat’s femur after bone allograft implantation (sterilized using gamma radiation or antibiotic saturation) and post-operative intraperitoneal cisplatin injection. Materials and Methods. Experiments were performed on 20 male white rats aged 5–6 months at the beginning of the experiment and weighed 365.8 ± 6.4g. All rats underwent a surgery that created a defect in the distal metaphysis of the femur which was filled with a bone allograft treated with gamma radiation (Control-1 and Experimental-1 groups) or saturated with an antibiotic (Control-2 and Experimental-2 groups). 14 days after allograft implantation, animals from the control groups received an intraperitoneal injection of 2.0–2.4 ml of 0.9% NaCl, while animals from the experimental groups received 2.5mg/kg of cisplatin. Histological analysis and histomorphometry were completed 30 days after the surgery. Results. 30 days after the operation, the smallest relative area of bone tissue (11.79%) was observed in rats from the Experimental-1 group, with gamma radiation treated allografts and post-operative intraperitoneal cisplatin injections. A somewhat higher value was found in the Experimental-2 group (antibiotic saturation + cisplatin) – 31.64%. In the control groups, (intraperitoneal injection 0.9% NaCl), the relative area of bone tissue was 16.7% (Control-1, gamma radiation treatment) and 58.09% (Control-2, antibiotic saturation). The relative area of fibrous tissue was the largest in the Experimental-1 group – 31.55% and the smallest in the Control-2 group – 12.79%. Conclusions. Allograft remodeling occurs along with the formation of bone and fibrous tissue when allografts are used to fill defects in the distal femoral metaphysis of rats, However, the relative percentages of those tissues depend on the allograft sterilization method and the use of cytostatic agents. The largest relative percentage of bone tissue (58.09%) was obtained using an allograft saturated with antibiotics and without the administration of cisplatin. The smallest (11.79%), on the other hand, occurred in gamma radiation treated allografts with cisplatin injected intraperitoneally after the operation

scholarly journals Initial study on removing cellular residues from hydrostatic high-pressure treated allogeneic tissue using ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-179
Author(s):  
Christoph Drobek ◽  
Janine Waletzko ◽  
Michael Dau ◽  
Bernhard Frerich ◽  
Volker Weißmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Bone Allograft ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Allograft Tissue ◽  
Bone Allografts ◽  
Content Determination

AbstractHydrostatic high-pressure technology (HHD) devitalizes tissue quickly and gently, without negatively affecting the structural properties. HHD-treated tissues must be cleaned from devitalized cells. A partially automated, gentle, reproducible and timesaving rinsing test setup utilizing ultrasound is demonstrated in this study. The test setup is used to clean HHD-treated bone allografts of tissue residues and prevent microbiological contamination. A rinsing procedure is investigated. Residual DNA content determination is utilized to analyze cleaned bone allograft tissue for rinsing procedure evaluation.

Effects of 60Co gamma radiation dose on initial structural biomechanical properties of ovine bone—patellar tendon—bone allografts

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk C. McGilvray ◽  
Brandon G. Santoni ◽  
A. Simon Turner ◽  
Simon Bogdansky ◽  
Donna L. Wheeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Allografts ◽  
60Co Gamma ◽  
Gamma Radiation Dose ◽  
60Co Gamma Radiation ◽  
Bone Patellar Tendon

scholarly journals The Role of Intrinsic Pathway in Apoptosis Activation and Progression in Peyronie’s Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Loreto ◽  
Giampiero La Rocca ◽  
Rita Anzalone ◽  
Rosario Caltabiano ◽  
Giuseppe Vespasiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Peyronie’S Disease ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Intrinsic Pathway ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Peyronie's Disease ◽  
Metaplastic Bone

Peyronie’s disease (PD) is characterized with formation of fibrous plaques which result in penile deformity, pain, and erectile dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in plaques from PD patients. Tunica albuginea from either PD or control patients was assessed for the expression of bax, bcl-2 and caspases 9 and 3 using immunohistochemistry and by measurement of apoptotic cells using TUNEL assay. Bax overexpression was observed in metaplastic bone tissue, in fibroblasts, and in myofibroblast of plaques from PD patients. Little or no bcl-2 immunostaining was detected in samples from either patients or controls. Caspase 3 immunostaining was very strong in fibrous tissue, in metaplasic bone osteocytes, and in primary ossification center osteoblasts. Moderate caspase 9 immunostaining was seen in fibrous cells plaques and in osteocytes and osteoblasts of primary ossification centers from PD patients. Control samples were negative for caspase 9 immunostaining. In PD patients the TUNEL immunoassay showed intense immunostaining of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, the absence of apoptotic cells in metaplasic bone tissue and on the border between fibrous and metaplastic bone tissue. Apoptosis occurs in stabilized PD plaques and is partly induced by the intrinsic pathway.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Enalapril and the Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blocker Losartan on Fracture Healing in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Bayar ◽  
Ali Turan ◽  
Kanat Gülle ◽  
Meryem Akpolat ◽  
İnci Turan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fracture Callus ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Control

Purpose: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and type I angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) have been shown to exert significant effects on bone tissue via a local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS). The aim of our study was to delineate their influences on fracture healing process. Methods: Sixty adult male Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. After undergoing surgical femoral fracture and fixation, the ACEI group received 10 mg/kg of Enalapril, the ARB group received 10 mg/kg of Losartan and the Control group did not receive any medication. Fracture healing was evaluated at second and fifth postoperative weeks by the Lane-Sandhu radiological staging system and by histological scoring system of Huoet al. ACE expression in fracture callus was studied by immunohistochemistry. Results: Both ACEI and ARB groups showed less fibrous tissue in the fracture area at the second week, but the histologic score differences were significant only between Control and ARB groups. At the fifth week, however, both radiological and histological scores for the ACEI group were significantly higher than both ARB and Control groups, while the scores for ARB and Control groups were similar. The presence of ACE expression in fracture callus was also observed. Conclusion: ACEIs had significant positive effects on fracture repair. Losartan failed to display these stimulatory effects, which suggests that local RAS in bone tissue exerts its actions via alternative receptors or pathways than the AT1 receptor.

Osteocompatibility of Photopolymerizable Anhydride Networks

1998 ◽  
Vol 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.R. Shastri ◽  
R.P. Marini ◽  
R.F. Padera ◽  
S. Kirchain ◽  
P. Tarcha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Surface ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Interpenetrating Network ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
New Family ◽  
Longitudinal Defect ◽  
Masson Staining

AbstractA new family of polyanhydrides has been developed which can be cured photochemically to produce degradable networks. These degradable polyanhydride networks can be useful in orthopedics as bone cements and for drug delivery. This system, which is a semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN), has been evaluated for tissue compatibility in subcutaneous sites in rats and shown to undergo degradation by surface erosion. It was observed that the inflammatory response to the semi-IPN implants was minimal at both short (3, 6 weeks) and long (28 weeks) time points and the fibrotic response was largely absent throughout the duration of this study. Furthermore, excellent tissue infiltration and integration with good neovascularization was observed around the semi-IPN implants. The osteocompatibility and osteoconductive properties of this system have been evaluated in a longitudinal defect model in the articular surface of the distal femur in adult rabbits. This study compared the semi-IPN implants to control groups consisting of unfilled defects and PLA implants. Histological evaluation (H&E and Trichrome Masson staining) of the implant site revealed that the semi-IPN implant is osteocompatible and well tolerated by the surrounding cancellous bone and marrow constituents. The tissue reaction to the implant is characterized by an ingrowth of vascularized connective tissue and a mild fibrous capsule. Furthermore, partial to complete closure of the articular surface with fibrocartilage and fibrous tissue was observed in all experimental animals containing the semi-IPN polymer implants.

Finite Element Analysis Applied to Bone Remodelling in Revision Arthroplasty of the Femur using Morselized Allograft and Cement

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Simon ◽  
J. Vander Sloten ◽  
R. Van Audekercke ◽  
G. Van Der Perre ◽  
R.S.M. Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Revision Arthroplasty ◽  
Bone Allograft ◽  
Equivalent Thickness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bone Allografts ◽  
Small Influence ◽  
Morselized Allograft ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
Uncemented Total Hip Replacement

Finite element models have extensively been developed and reported for primary cemented and uncemented total hip replacement, but not for revision arthroplasty of the hip. A two-dimensional equivalent thickness model was developed of the proximal femur with bone grafts, a thin but uniform cement layer and a standard femoral component. This model represents the reconstructed femoral revision setting described by Gie et al (1). The effects of surface texture, cement-stem friction, cement creep and stem malplacement were evaluated. Within the range of coefficients of friction which was investigated in this study (0.03, 0.136 and 0.3) it was observed that the influence of the value of the coefficient upon the stresses in the bone-implant structure are less than 5%. Also static cement creep and certain stem malalignments which were simulated showed a relatively small influence upon the stress distribution within this structure. An agreement between trabecular orientations in the remodeled bone allograft and the principal stress orientations in this structure was observed in the calcar region. It was concluded that the remodelling which occurs in the bone allografts follows Wolff's law of optimal material use in the trabecular structure.

Structural Bone Allograft Combined with Genetically Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Novel Platform for Bone Tissue Engineering

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Xie ◽  
David Reynolds ◽  
Hani Awad ◽  
Paul T. Rubery ◽  
Gadi Pelled ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Allograft ◽  
Genetically Engineered

scholarly journals BONE AND SOFT TISSUES INTEGRATION IN POROUS TITANIUM IMPLANTS (EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Tikhilov ◽  
I. I. Shubnyakov ◽  
A. O. Denisov ◽  
V. A. Konev ◽  
I. V. Gofman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Tissue Integration

Aim. It’s common that revision arthroplasty of the large joints demands replacing of bone defects of irregular geometrical shapes and simultaneous restoring of support ability and ability to integrate surrounding muscular and tendinous structures into an implant that is required for a complete restoration of joint function.The purpose.To experimentally study the process of integration for muscular and bone tissue as well as tendinous and ligamentous structures into porous titanium materials.Material and methods. During in vivo experiment the authors created a standardized bone defect in 6 rabbits of chinchilla breed at the point of patella ligament attachment as well as a delamination area of muscular tissue in latissimus dorsi. Both knee joints and both latissimus dorsi were used in each animal. Study group included titanium implants with three-dimensional mesh structure. Control group — solid titanium implants with standard porosity. Titanium implants were produced by additive technologies with preliminary prototyping. The porosity corresponded to trabecular metal, striations — 0.45, pores size —100–200 microns. Study and control components were implanted in the identical conditions into the corresponding anatomical sites. Postoperative AP and lateral roentgenograms of knee joints were performed for all animals. Morphological research was conducted on day 60 after the implantation and strength properties were studied at day 90 after the implantation.Results.The authors observed bony ingrowth into implant pores with minimal volume of fibrous tissue, a distinct connective integration was reported represented by a dense fibrous tissue in the pores of components implanted into the muscular tissue. Testing of fixation strength of the study implants demonstrated a clearly superior strength of soft and bone tissue integration into the experimental mesh implants produced using additive technologies.

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