The Effects of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Enalapril and the Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blocker Losartan on Fracture Healing in Rats

Purpose: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and type I angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) have been shown to exert significant effects on bone tissue via a local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS). The aim of our study was to delineate their influences on fracture healing process. Methods: Sixty adult male Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. After undergoing surgical femoral fracture and fixation, the ACEI group received 10 mg/kg of Enalapril, the ARB group received 10 mg/kg of Losartan and the Control group did not receive any medication. Fracture healing was evaluated at second and fifth postoperative weeks by the Lane-Sandhu radiological staging system and by histological scoring system of Huoet al. ACE expression in fracture callus was studied by immunohistochemistry. Results: Both ACEI and ARB groups showed less fibrous tissue in the fracture area at the second week, but the histologic score differences were significant only between Control and ARB groups. At the fifth week, however, both radiological and histological scores for the ACEI group were significantly higher than both ARB and Control groups, while the scores for ARB and Control groups were similar. The presence of ACE expression in fracture callus was also observed. Conclusion: ACEIs had significant positive effects on fracture repair. Losartan failed to display these stimulatory effects, which suggests that local RAS in bone tissue exerts its actions via alternative receptors or pathways than the AT1 receptor.

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Histopathological evaluation of polycaprolactone nanocomposite compared with tricalcium phosphate in bone healing

Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.2478/jvetres-2018-0055 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 385-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hadi Eftekhari ◽

Alireza Jahandideh ◽

Ahmad Asghari ◽

Abolfazl Akbarzadeh ◽

Saeed Hesaraki

Keyword(s):

Bone Tissue ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Healing Process ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Bone Scaffolds ◽

Modern Engineering ◽

And Control

AbstractIntroductionIn recent years, the use of bone scaffolds as bone tissue substitutes, especially the use of such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, has been very popular. Today, the use of modern engineering techniques and advances in nanotechnology have expanded the use of nanomaterials as bone scaffolds for bone tissue applications.Material and MethodsThis study was performed on 60 adult male New Zealand rabbits divided into four experimental groups: the control group without any treatment, the second group receiving hydroxyapatite, the third group treated with β-tricalcium phosphate, and the fourth group receiving nanocomposite polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold. In a surgical procedure, a defect 6 mm in diameter was made in a hind limb femur. Four indexes were used to assess histopathology, which were union index, spongiosa index, cortex index, and bone marrow.ResultsThe results showed that nanocomposite PCL and control groups always had the respective highest and lowest values among all the groups at all time intervals. The histopathological assessment demonstrated that the quantity of newly formed lamellar bone in the nanocomposite PCL group was higher than in other groups.ConclusionAll these data suggest that PCL had positive effects on the bone healing process, which could have great potential in tissue engineering and clinical applications.

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Distribution of DD Genotype of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene and Its Correlation with Diabetic Retinopathy

Trends in Medical Sciences ◽

10.5812/tms.115489 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hamid Ali-Bahar ◽

Maysam Mard-Soltani ◽

Yousef Paridar ◽

Zahra Nasirbaghban ◽

Zahra Sadat Hashemi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Microvascular Complications ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Ace Gene ◽

And Control

Background: One of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Studies have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms are correlated with DR progression. Accordingly, the elucidation of the association between ACE gene polymorphism and the risk of DR development seems to be highly crucial. Methods: In this study, 195 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were classified as the case group with retinopathy (99 people) and control group without retinopathy (96 people). Screening for DR was performed by ophthalmologists using clinical examination and fluorescein angiography. Different ACE genotypes (II, ID, and DD) were identified by the collection of blood samples, extraction of DNA, and PCR amplification using specific primers. Results: The frequency distribution of genotypes was significantly different between the case and control groups (P = 0.009). Interestingly, possessing a DD genotype made diabetic patients approximately 2.5 folds (95% CI = 1.271 - 4.840, P = 0.007) and 3.25 folds (95% CI = 1.312 - 8.051, P = 0.01) more susceptible to DR when compared to having DI and II genotypes, respectively. Moreover, having a D allele made diabetic individuals nearly 1.75 folds (95% CI = 1.167 - 2.623, P = 0.007) more susceptible to DR than possessing an I allele. Conclusions: Our results potentiate the hypothesis that the DD genotype and D allele of the ACE gene might play a role in the pathogenesis of DR.

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Human Ace D/I Polymorphism Could Affect the Clinicobiological Course of COVID-19

Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System ◽

10.1155/2021/5509280 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Elifcan Aladag ◽

Zahit Tas ◽

Bilgesu Safak Ozdemir ◽

Tayfun Hilmi Akbaba ◽

Meltem Gulsun Akpınar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Essential Element ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Turkish Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Ace Gene ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Introduction. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly worldwide since December 2019. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has a great affinity for the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor, which is an essential element of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). This study is aimed at assessing the impact of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphisms, on the susceptibility and clinical outcomes of the COVID-19 immunoinflammatory syndrome. Patients and Methods. A total of 112 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between 1 and 15 May 2020 were enrolled in the study. ACE gene allele frequencies were compared to the previously reported Turkish population comprised of 300 people. Results. The most common genotype in the patients and control group was DI with 53% and II with 42%, respectively. The difference in the presence of the D allele between the patient and control groups was statistically significant (67% vs. 42%, respectively, p < 0.0001 ). Severe pneumonia was observed more in patients with DI allele (31%) than DD (8%) and II (0%) ( p = 0.021 ). The mortality rate, time to defervescence, and the hospitalization duration were not different between the genotype groups. Conclusion. Genotype DI of ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with the infectious rate particularly severe pneumonia in this study conducted in the Turkish population. Therefore, ACE D/I polymorphism could affect the clinical course of COVID-19.

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Effect of Herbal Echinacea on Recurrent Minor Oral Aphthous Ulcer

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601812010567 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 567-571 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Faezeh Khozeimeh ◽

Zahra Saberi ◽

Atefeh Tavangar ◽

Fahime Fakhari Badi

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Recurrence Rate ◽

Aphthous Ulcer ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Aphthous Ulcers ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Background: The oral aphthous is a common oral ulcer with intense pain and there is no treatment for it, yet. Echinacea is an herbal medicine that moderated the immune system. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Echinacea on the treatment of aphthous ulcer. Methods: 50 patients with minor aphthous participated in our study. 25 patients take 3 tablets in a day for five weeks (case group) and 25 patients didn’t take any tablets (control group). The patients were monitored for one month before taking the tablets for six months. During this period, the number of lesions, complete improvement of ulcers, recurrence rate and intensity of pain were considered in each month. Finally, the Friedman and ANOVA tests used to analyze the obtained data. Result: Our study showed a significant difference between a number of lesions during six-month in case and control groups (p>0.001). In this way, we observed that the number of lesions was decreased significantly after six months in the case group. Hence, ANOVA analysis showed a significant decrease between each month for the intensity of pain (p=0.025), complete improvement (p<0.001) and recurrence rate (p=0.026). Conclusion: In conclusion, we showed that Echinacea tablets as an herbal medicine have positive effects on a number of lesions, intensity of pain, complete improvement and recurrence rate in patients with recurrent minor aphthous ulcers.

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Study of serum angiotensin converting enzyme levels in pemphigus vulgaris

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20182004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 328

Author(s):

V. Anand Kumar ◽

J. Vijaya Shree

Keyword(s):

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Healthy Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) levels in patients with pemphigus vulgaris compared with healthy volunteers.Methods: In this study, 40 patients were selected in the study group with pemphigus vulgaris and 40 patients were selected in the control group i.e. healthy group. Serum ACE levels were determined by spectrophotometric method.Results: The mean ACE levels in study group and control group were 26.98±15.87 and 32.57±20.98 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between both the groups (p=0.11). The mean ACE levels were 26.25±12.36 and 26.14±13.89 in females and males respectively in the study group which showed no significant difference (p=0.95). In the control group, the mean ACE levels were 26.22±19.77 and 38.54±11.11 in females and males respectively which showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.04). The mean ACE levels were higher in healthy males when compared to the males in the study group. The mean serum levels in females of both the groups were almost same.Conclusions: The serum ACE level was considerably lower in male study group i.e. pemphigus vulgaris patients compared with male control group i.e. healthy group, despite lack of any significant difference of serum ACE level between pemphigus and control group. Hence, ACE might have some relation with pemphigus vulgaris especially in male patients.

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The Study of G/T Polymorphism in COLIA1 Gene and Osteoporosis in b-Thalassemia Patients.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v114.22.4078.4078 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 114 (22) ◽

pp. 4078-4078

Author(s):

Amal M. El-Beshlawy ◽

Mona Mohamed Hamdy ◽

Ibtesam Ramzy Hussein ◽

Hala Fathy Sheba ◽

Mona Abdel Gawad

Keyword(s):

Negative Correlation ◽

Thalassemia Major ◽

Beta Thalassemia ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Prevalence ◽

S Allele ◽

And Control

Abstract Abstract 4078 Poster Board III-1013 Introduction Osteoporosis is an important cause of morbidity in patients with β thalassemia major. Several genes are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Collagen type I alpha 1 (COLIA1) is one of the most prominent candidate genes, which has been consistently associated with osteoporosis in different populations. Polymorphism at the Sp1 binding site within a key regulatory region of COLIA 1 has been reported to be associated with susceptibility to osteoprotic fractures. Our objective was to detect the allelic distribution of COLIA1 gene in beta thalassemia patients and its relation to bone mineral density (BMD). Patients and methods The study included 25 beta thalassemia major patients (12-28 years, mean = 18.12±5.077 years) and 20 controls (mean age = 23.05±2.3 years) with no family history of thalassemia. Anthropometric measurements were done to all patients .Femoral and lumbar BMD was measured in all patients and control groups using dual energy absorbiometry (DXA). Assessment of the COLIA1 genotypes (SS, Ss, ss) and G/T polymorphism were done using PCR amplification and restriction enzyme digestion (Bal1) of DNA amplified products to thalassemic patients and control groups. Results High prevalence of growth retardation was observed in β thalassemia major patients in the form of short stature (36%), truncal shortening (48%) and under weight (8%). Osteopenia and osteoporosis were detected in 68% of the thalassemia patients with a highly significant lower lumbar and femoral BMD compared to controls (P<0.01) (Table 1). There was a non significant difference between genders regarding BMD, significant negative correlation was observed between long duration of desferroxamine (DFO) intake and low femoral and lumbar BMD (R=-0.571& P<0.01,R=-0.571&P<0.05) in β thalassemia patients. A negative correlation was observed between ferritin level and fat free mass% (FFM%) in thalassemic patients (R=-0.48& P<0.05) and low lumbar BMD in female patients (R=-0.55& P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between age of starting DFO and decreased sitting height in male patients (R=0.74&P<0.01). In the thalassemic group, frequency of COLIA1 alleles was S (94%), s (6%), 12% showed the G/T polymorphism while 88% had the G/G polymorphism (Table 2). Non significant difference was observed in most of the parameters between the 2 different groups of polymorphism. In the control group allele frequencies were S (87.5%) and s (12.5%), G/T polymorphism was present in 25%.and G/G in 75%. No association was detected between COLIA1 gene polymorphism and BMD in the lumbar spine or in femur bone in the thalassemia patients (P>0.05) while the s allele was associated with femoral and lumbar BMD in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01) (Table 3). Conclusion High prevalence of growth impairment, osteopenia and osteoporosis in our β thalassemia major patients. Desferroxamine duration therapy was related to osteoporosis in our patients. The absence of association between BMD and COLIA 1 polymorphism and the low frequency of s allele in our thalassemic group may be due to the small sample size of the thalassemia patients together with the fact that BMD is determined by a variety of genetic and environmental factors. Further studies including larger number of patients are needed to evaluate these findings. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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The Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Experimental Fracture Healing

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x97000391 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 25 (03n04) ◽

pp. 351-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Hui-Feng Huang ◽

Jyh-Sheng You

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Fracture Healing ◽

Cell Metabolism ◽

Bone Cell ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Collagen Formation ◽

Experimental Fracture ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Fracture Healing

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Ru- Yih-Jin-Huang-Saan (RYJHS) and Jie-Guu-Saan (JGS) on experimental fracture healing in rats. Seventy-five rats were fractured in the middle of the left tibia and fibula. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups and injected with Ringer's solution and applied with Ru- Yih-jin-Huang-Saan externally or fed with Jie-Guu-Saan respectively. The animals were sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 days after fracture. The contents of hydroxyproline and the synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein were observed. The results demonstrate that groups treated with herbal medicine were more rapidly and thoroughly healed than the control group in respect to collagen formation and bone cell metabolism.

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Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 65-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Pei-Min Chao ◽

Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽

Chun-Huei Liao ◽

Huey-Mei Shaw

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽

Control Groups ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Transfer Protein ◽

And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

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Sri Lankan Cleft Lip and Palate Study Model Analysis: Clefts of the Secondary Palate

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1993_030_0227_slclap_2.3.co_2 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 227-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew Mccance ◽

David Roberts-Harry ◽

Martyn Sherriff ◽

Michael Mars ◽

William J.B. Houston

Keyword(s):

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Model Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Tooth Size ◽

Sri Lankan ◽

Control Groups ◽

Secondary Palate ◽

Comparable Control ◽

And Control

The study models of a group of adult Sri Lankan patients with clefts of the secondary palate were investigated. Tooth-size and arch-dimension comparisons were made with a comparable control group. Significant differences were found between the cleft and control groups in tooth sizes, chord lengths, and arch widths. The cleft group dimensions were generally smaller than those of the control group. Overjets were larger in the cleft group.

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THE EFFECT OF APPLYING ANIMAL CARTOON PICTURES ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT

10.24114/reg.v6i1.5371 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hasanul Arifin Zul And Masitowarni Siregar

Keyword(s):

T Test ◽

Narrative Text ◽

Control Group ◽

First Year ◽

Writing Achievement ◽

Control Groups ◽

Post Test ◽

Written Test ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

This thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of applying animal cartoon pictures on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study aims to find whether applying animal cartoon pictures significantly affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data in this study were obtained by administering a written test. The population was the 2015/2016 first year (grade XI) of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by applying animal cartoon pictures while the control group without animal cartoon pictures (x = lecturing). The data were taken the scores from the pre-test and post-test to both experimental and control groups. These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (5.21 >1,67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df =N-2) at the level significance 0,05 one tail test. It showed that the application of animal cartoon pictures significantly affected the students of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam achievement in writing narrative text.

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