scholarly journals Treatment of coronavirus disease 2019: a comprehensive review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-242
Author(s):  
Damla Sosyal ◽  
Ozge Ozmen ◽  
Muhammed Yunus Bektay ◽  
Fikret Vehbi Izzettin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
New Type ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Health Organization

The new type of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and can be transmitted from human to human. COVID-19, which has been declared as a pandemic by the world health organization and is infected with more than 50 million people, is also responsible for the death of more than 1 million people. There is no sufficient data from randomized clinical trials that any potential treatment improves outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, antivirals such as favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir, immunomodulatory agents tocilizumab, siltuximab, and sarilumab, and anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroids are used for the treatment of COVID-19. Repurposing drugs can provide new treatment options faster than discovering new drugs due to the known safety profiles of existing drugs. On the other hand, there are new drug and vaccine trials for COVID-19. Many researchers, governmental or non-governmental institutions having clinical trials for COVID-19 drugs and vaccines. In this comprehensive review, we investigate the clinical features, management, and treatment of COVID-19 and possible adverse effects and important information related to drugs used for COVID-19. For future preparedness and readiness, new laws and legislations should be constituted. Besides, emergency teams and budgets should be prepared as well. .

scholarly journals New Treatment Options against Carbapenem-ResistantAcinetobacter baumanniiInfections

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Isler ◽  
Yohei Doi ◽  
Robert A. Bonomo ◽  
David L. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Available Information

ABSTRACTCarbapenem-resistantAcinetobacter baumannii(CRAB) is a perilous nosocomial pathogen causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Current treatment options for CRAB are limited and suffer from pharmacokinetic limitations, such as high toxicity and low plasma levels. As a result, CRAB is declared as the top priority pathogen by the World Health Organization for the investment in new drugs. This urgent need for new therapies, in combination with faster FDA approval process, accelerated new drug development and placed several drug candidates in the pipeline. This article reviews available information about the new drugs and other therapeutic options focusing on agents in clinical or late-stage preclinical studies for the treatment of CRAB, and it evaluates their expected benefits and potential shortcomings.

Recent Updates in Both the Diagnosis and Treatment Options that Impact the Clinical Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CMT.S4192
Author(s):  
Charles D. Burger
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
World Health ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Health Organization

The evaluation and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rapidly evolving area of subspecialty medicine requiring regular clinical updates. Most notably are changes in the World Health Organization diagnostic scheme whereby the clinician categorizes the correct type of pulmonary hypertension in order direct the most specific evaluation and treatment plan. In addition, there have been several changes in both the FDA-approved pharmaceutical formulations and new agents for the treatment of PAH. This review will provide an update in these areas and more importantly, guidance to the clinician on the most appropriate utilization of these new treatment options.

Integrating Genomics Into Neuro-Oncology Clinical Trials and Practice

2018 ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Evanthia Galanis ◽  
Farhad Nassiri ◽  
Shannon Coy ◽  
Romina Nejad ◽  
Gelareh Zadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Classification ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Oncology Clinical Trials ◽  
Health Organization

Important advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of brain tumors have resulted in a rapid evolution in the taxonomy of central nervous system (CNS) tumors, which culminated in the revised 2016 World Health Organization classification of CNS tumors that incorporates an integrated molecular/histologic diagnostic approach. Our expanding understanding of brain tumor genomics and molecular evolution during the disease course has started to impact clinical management. Furthermore, incorporation of genomic information in ongoing and planned neuro-oncology clinical trials is expected to lead to improved outcomes and result in personalized treatment options for patients with CNS malignancies.

Interpreting Randomized Clinical Trials in Gynecologic Oncology Surgery: Does One Size Fit All?

2019 ◽  
pp. 342-350
Author(s):  
Leigh A. Cantrell ◽  
Jacobus Pfisterer ◽  
John Boggess ◽  
Linda R. Duska
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Early Stage Cervical Cancer ◽  
New Treatment

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard of clinical research. They are designed to eliminate bias and to produce objective and generalizable results about new treatment paradigms. Although RCTs have recognized limitations, including long completion time and high cost, they also have transformed clinical research and improved the quality of health care by rigorously evaluating countless new treatment options. Surgical RCTs present their own unique set of limitations including an inability to standardize surgical technique and expertise; an inability to overcome enrollment bias by enrolling surgeons; and a lack of generalizability with respect to institutional resources and abilities. Here, we discuss surgical RCTs in two domains: upfront management of advanced ovarian cancer and surgical management of early-stage cervical cancer. Familiarity with the abundant retrospective data available for both of these clinical scenarios as well as recognition of the strengths and limitations of surgical RCTs are critical to determine the best treatment for an individual patient.

Exploiting the coenzyme A biosynthesis pathway for the identification of new antimalarial agents: the case for pantothenamides

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Saliba ◽  
Christina Spry
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antimalarial Agents ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Do So

Malaria kills more than half a million people each year. There is no vaccine, and recent reports suggest that resistance is developing to the antimalarial regimes currently recommended by the World Health Organization. New drugs are therefore needed to ensure malaria treatment options continue to be available. The intra-erythrocytic stage of the malaria parasite's life cycle is dependent on an extracellular supply of pantothenate (vitamin B5), the precursor of CoA (coenzyme A). It has been known for many years that proliferation of the parasite during this stage of its life cycle can be inhibited with pantothenate analogues. We have shown recently that pantothenamides, a class of pantothenate analogues with antibacterial activity, inhibit parasite proliferation at submicromolar concentrations and do so competitively with pantothenate. These compounds, however, are degraded, and therefore rendered inactive, by the enzyme pantetheinase (vanin), which is present in serum. In the present mini-review, we discuss the two strategies that have been put forward to overcome pantetheinase-mediated degradation of pantothenamides. The strategies effectively provide an opportunity for pantothenamides to be tested in vivo. We also put forward our ‘blueprint’ for the further development of pantothenamides (and other pantothenate analogues) as potential antimalarials.

Hepatitis C: prescribing challenges in the era of new direct-acting antivirals

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Lindsay Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Direct Acting

Hepatitis C is a chronic but curable disease. The World Health Organization has recognised the huge public health burden that untreated and undiagnosed hepatitis C can cause worldwide and has set a target to eliminate the disease by 2030. The treatment landscape is rapidly evolving, and newer therapies are more effective and have an improved side effect profile. Treatment has become widely available and prescribers have a myriad of new drugs to become familiar with. This article will focus on the more novel therapies, guidelines and treatment options and the challenges facing the prescriber in the age of direct-acting antivirals.

COVID 19: REALS AND CHALLENGES AGAINST DOCTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Zen Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Pneumonia Case ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Health Organization

Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) is a contagious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was discovered in December 2019 in China. This disease can cause clinical manifestations in the airway, lung and systemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) representative of China reported a pneumonia case with unknown etiology in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China on December 31, 2019. The cause was identified as a new type of coronavirus on January 7, 2020 with an estimated source of the virus from traditional markets (seafood market). ) Wuhan city

Preventing Premature Weaning: Management Options for Common Lactation Conditions, Including OMT

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Denise Sackett ◽  
Tala Dajani ◽  
David Shoup ◽  
Uzoma Ikonne
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Lactational Mastitis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Health Organization

The benefits of breastfeeding are well established. The World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that mothers breastfeed infants for at least one year, but most children are not breastfed that long because of many factors. Breastfeeding mothers face many challenges to continued breastfeeding, including medical conditions that arise during this period, such as postpartum depression and lactational mastitis. Because of a perceived lack of consistent guidance on medication safety, it can be difficult for the family physician to treat these conditions while encouraging mothers to continue breastfeeding. The purpose of the current review is to summarize and clarify treatment options for the osteopathic family physician treating lactating mothers. We specifically focus on the pharmacological management of contraception, postpartum depression, and lactational mastitis.

Myths about COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 907-912
Author(s):  
Deepika Masurkar ◽  
Priyanka Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Common People ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Media ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization

Recently at the end of 2019, a new disease was found in Wuhan, China. This disease was diagnosed to be caused by a new type of coronavirus and affected almost the whole world. Chinese researchers named this novel virus as 2019-nCov or Wuhan-coronavirus. However, to avoid misunderstanding the World Health Organization noises it as COVID-19 virus when interacting with the media COVID-19 is new globally as well as in India. This has disturbed peoples mind. There are various rumours about the coronavirus in Indian society which causes panic in peoples mind. It is the need of society to know myths and facts about coronavirus to reduce the panic and take the proper precautionary actions for our safety against the coronavirus. Thus this article aims to bust myths and present the facts to the common people. We need to verify myths spreading through social media and keep our self-ready with facts so that we can protect our self in a better way. People must prevent COVID 19 at a personal level. Appropriate action in individual communities and countries can benefit the entire world.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document