scholarly journals Energy Utilization Patterns for Sustainable Crop Production in the Semi-Arid Vertisols of India

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrittick Biswas ◽  
◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
M. Prabhavathi ◽  
Amrut Morade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Normal Rainfall ◽  
Semi Arid

In semi-arid regions, the amount of rainfall and its distribution governs not only output levels but also influences uses and pattern of energy-inputs. Current study analyzes the role of energy and economic indicators to identify a suitable crop under different rainfall situations in rainfed areas of southern India. For this study, ten years data on production of rainfed sorghum and chickpea were analyzed with help of an array of energy and economic indicators like net energy, energy efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity, energy intensity and human labor profitability. The results of the study show that the share of non-renewable energy (80% in normal rainfall years) was remarkably higher than renewable energy in production of both the crops. Deficient rainfall led to decline in the consumption of energy inputs by 19.6 and 5.7 %, and consequently resulted in a reduction of output energy by 48.6 and 63.4 % in comparison to normal rainfall in case of sorghum and chickpea cultivation, respectively. Further, energy efficiency scores were found to decline to an extent of 1.95 and 1.29 under deficient rainfall situations from the levels of 3.06 and 3.32 obtained under sorghum and chickpea production under normal rainfall conditions, respectively. The computed values of benefit: cost ratio and energy efficiency suggests that chickpea is the more suitable rainfed crop as compared to sorghum in the semi-arid Vertisols of Karnataka.

scholarly journals Energy use pattern analysis of rockmelon (Cucumis melo) production in Malaysia: a case study

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S5) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Liyana N.A. ◽  
D.E. Pebrian
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Use Pattern

Preservation of energy resources for crop production is a crucial act in an endeavour to make agriculture more sustainable. In response to that matter, this study aims to analyse and evaluate energy use pattern and its economic in rockmelon (Cucumis melo) production in Malaysian farms. Face-to-face interviews with the sampled farmers were employed to collect the data through a case study in Klang district, Selangor state of Malaysia. The collected data was then analysed using mathematical operations and spreadsheet software. The results indicated that the total energy inputs in rockmelon were 4475.62 MJ/ha. The highest portion, which accounted for 73.29% of the total energy inputs were consumed by fertilizers, while the lowest portion was used for seed (0.01%). The total energy inputs were formed from 85.12% indirect energy and 14.88% direct energy; and 85% non-renewable energy and 15% renewable energy. The net energy and energy productivity values were 11332.85 MJ/ha and 2.81 kg/MJ, respectively. The farmers gained 29.94% profit margin from their farms business. The ratio of energy output -inputs in rockmelon production was 5.34. As the ratio was much greater than 1, thus, conclusively, the energy inputs used by the farmers in the process of rockmelon production was highly efficient.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency and Econometric Analysis of Organic Kiwifruit (Actinidia Deliciosa A. Chev.) Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1057
Author(s):  
Sunny Sharma ◽  
Vishal Singh Rana
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Superior Result ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

The energy exchange ratio of cultivation and different parameter values of input affecting the organic production of kiwifruit in the mid-hill Himalayan region of India during 2017 and 2018 was determined. The experimental trial was divided into 7 organic treatment i.e. T1 to T3 was sole application on equivalence 100 per cent Dairy manure (DM), Vermicompost (VC) and Poultry manure, T4 to T7 was a compound application of 50: 50 DM: PM, DM: VC and VC: PM and T7 in which DM = PM = VC applied on N equivalence. Five foliar sprays of organic formulation were applied in each of the treatment. The Energy efficiency and econometric analysis of organic kiwifruit production were examined. The highest energy inputs unit per hectare was utilized by T1 out of which over 86 per cent were from organic manure inputs and provided 26401.02 MJ/ha. The highest yield per hectare, as well as the output energy were observed in the treatment T5. Whereas the highest energy ratio, energy productivity, and specific energy were recorded under T2. Likewise, the highest productivity ratio and benefit-cost ratio were recorded under T7 which was followed by T2. From a farming point of view, the T2 gave the superior result because it has provided optimum amount output along with maximum returns. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1051-1057, 2021 (December)

scholarly journals Study and determination of energy consumption to produce conventional rice of the Guilan province

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alipour ◽  
H. Veisi ◽  
F. Darijani ◽  
B. Mirbagheri ◽  
A.G. Behbahani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Total Input ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity ◽  
Guilan Province

The aim of this study was to determine the energy efficiency indices in the agro-ecosystems of the Guilan province in 2010. One hundred and twenty-seven farmers were interviewed using a particularly designed questionnaire. The inputs in the calculation of energy use in agro-ecosystems embraced labour, machinery, electricity, diesel oil, fertilizers, seeds, while rice and straw yield were included in the output. The results depicted that total input and output energy into these agro-ecosystems were about 47,604 and 90,680.04 MJ/ha, respectively. The highest energy input was related to water (38.84%), electricity (27.87%) and nitrogen fertilizer (17.5%). Energy efficiency and energy productivity in these agro-ecosystems was 2.19 and 0.064 kg/MJ, respectively, and water productivity was 0.11 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. The results also showed that due to application of flood irrigation in these agro-ecosystems and also water elicited from subterranean sources by electrical pump, the inputs had the largest portion among the energy inputs to agro-ecosystems that this matter increased energy use in the unit area and also reduced energy efficiency and productivity.

scholarly journals Editorial: Building integrated renewable energy

2020 ◽  
pp. 014459872095251
Author(s):  
Yaolin Lin ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Xiaoli Hao ◽  
Changxiong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The World

About one-third of the primary energy in the world is consumed by buildings. A large amount of CO2 emission due to building energy consumption has threatened the sustainable development of the world. Improvement on the building energy performance, especially by integration with renewable energy resources has attracted interest worldwide to reduce greenhouse gas emission to make our society more sustainable. This Special Issue on building integrated renewable energy was open to all contributors in the field of building energy efficiency. The original experimental studies, numerical simulations, and reviews in all aspects of renewable energy utilization, management, and optimization have been considered. In the event, all these topics were covered in the extensive submissions accepted, but interesting papers on other aspects of building energy efficiency were also received. The purpose of this editorial is to summarize the main research findings of accepted papers in this Special Issue, including the use of renewable energy and energy saving technologies in buildings and identify a number of research questions and research directions.

Analysis of Energy Consumption for Protected Grape Production System in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2468-2472
Author(s):  
Dong Tian ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jian Ying Feng
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Use Efficiency

This study examines energy consumption of inputs and output used in protected grape production, and aims at to find relationship between energy inputs and yield in the major protected grape producing regions in China. For this purpose, the data were collected from 516 questionnaires which included 304 effective ones by questionnaire survey method. The results indicated that total energy inputs were 57697.84 MJha-1where the Chemical with (32.4%) and Fertilizer with about (21.1%) were the major energy consumers. About 53.4% of the total energy inputs used in protected grape production was indirect while 46.6% was direct. The non-renewable shared about 78% whereas the renewable energy did 22%. Average yield and energy consumption are calculated as 25367.22Kgha-1and 299333.2MJha-1. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy and net energy were 5.18, 0.44 kgMJ-1, 2.27 MJkg-1and241635.36 MJha-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Energy Balance and Energy Use Efficiency of Annual Bioenergy Crops in Field Experiments in Southern Germany

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1835
Author(s):  
Robert Oliver Simon ◽  
Kurt-Jürgen Hülsbergen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Use Efficiency

The main objective of the cultivation of energy crops is the production of renewable energy, the substitution of fossil energy resources, and a substantial contribution to energy supply. Thus, energy yield and energy efficiency are the most important criteria for the assessment of energy crops and biomass-based renewable energy chains. Maize is the energy crop with the highest cultivation acreage in Germany because of its high energy yields, but is the subject of controversial debate because of possible detrimental effects on agro-ecosystems. This raises the question as to which energy crops and production systems could be used instead of maize, in order to increase crop diversity and lower environmental impacts. We examined yields, energy inputs, energy outputs, and energy efficiency of alternative energy crops (combinations of catch crops and main crops) compared to maize in four-year field experiments at three southern German sites by means of process analyses. Maize showed moderate energy inputs (11.3–13.2 GJ ha−1), with catch crops ranging from 6.2 to 10.7 GJ ha−1 and main crops ranging from 7.6 to 24.8 GJ ha−1. At all three sites, maize had the highest net energy output compared to the other crops (x¯ = 354–493 GJ ha−1), but was surpassed by combinations of catch and main crops at some sites (winter rye/maize: x¯ = 389–538 GJ ha−1). Although some combinations yielded higher net energy outputs than maize, no other crop or combination of crops outperformed maize regarding energy use efficiency (energy output/energy input: x¯ = 32–45).

scholarly journals ​Development of Watershed Programme for Environment and Agriculture Sustainability in SAT Region, Central India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Singh ◽  
B.S. Rajawat ◽  
A. Dahate ◽  
Liansangpuii .
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Central India ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Background: Study has been undertaken in SAT (Semi-arid tropics) region located between 23o 8'- 26o 30' latitude and 78o11'- 81o30' longitude with an altitude varying from 230 to 280 m above mean sea level (MSL), Central India for assessing the impact after interventions of natural resource management (NRM) under watershed development programme. Agricultural productivity of Semi-arid tropics oscillates between 0.5 and 2.0 ton ha-1 with an average of one ton per ha (Rockstrom et al., 2010; Wani et al., 2011a, 2011b). The main objectives of this study are to establish agroforestry based crop cultivation which provides nutritional food as well as transform the mankind’s living status and also supports the doubling farmer’s income goal without associated ecological harm. Methods: To evaluate the economic feasibility and crop productivity along with agroforestry was worked out on the basis of survey and sampling. To get uniform samples of crops from cultivated fields some specific area selected (1 m x 1 m size) and get about 80 crop samples for measurements from whole watershed. All data has been collected through survey of 40% households of watershed and then all these data subjected to statistical analysis in the laboratory. To minimize the problem and rejuvenate the water body, water resource development plan helps in identify the available sources so that appropriate and effective with durable solutions can be formulated. The net return of crop cultivated was calculated by subtracting the cost of cultivation incurred from sowing to harvesting, for each crop from the gross return and then benefit-cost ratio was estimated for further improvement or scaled up and livelihood security of former. Result: The study has revealed that after watershed interventions and agroforestry based Crop cultivation, water level increased 2-6 m, crop production increased by 45-47%, cropping intensity increased 97-98% from 44-46% and migration decreased by 70-72%. During both season, the expenses on irrigation and labour will decrease, crop productivity will improve and benefit-cost ratio increased. Nutrition based food production provided the base for food security as it is a key determination of food availability.

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