scholarly journals Study on Comparative Analysis of Polymerization of Pyrrole Using Electrochemical Method and UV Photo Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Hemant K. Chitte ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polymerization of pyrrole using various methods like pyrrole using electrochemical method and UV Photo irradiation has been investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to study the internal structure, material morphology, chemical nature of conducting polymers. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of the Polypyrrole, Their behavior resemble the metallic conductors.

PENINGKATAN LAJU DISOLUSI ACYCLOVIR DENGAN METODE SISTEM DISPERSI PADAT MENGGUNAKAN POLOXAMER 188

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Budi Setiawan ◽  
Erizal Zaini ◽  
Salman Umar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Poloxamer 188 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sebuah penelitian tentang sistem dispersi padat dari asiklovir dengan poloxamer 188 telah dilakukan formulasi dengan pencampuran secara fisika dengan rasio 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan dispersi padat 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan penggilingan 1:1 sebagai pembanding. Dispersi padat dibuat menggunakan metode pencairan (fusi), yang digabung dengan poloxamer 188 pada hotplate kemudian asiklovir dimasukkan ke dalam hasil poloxamer 188 lalu di kocok hingga membentuk masa homogen. Semua formula yang terbentuk termasuk asiklovir poloxamer 188 murni dianalisis karakterisasinya dengan Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), kemudian pengambilan dilakukan  (penentuan kadar) mengunakan spektrofotometer UV pada panjang gelombang 257,08 nm dan uji laju disolusi dengan aquadest bebas CO2 menggunakan metode dayung. Hasil pengambilan  (penentuan kadar) menunjukkan bahwa semua formula memenuhi persyaratan farmakope Amerika edisi 30 dan farmakope Indonesia edisi 4 yaitu 95-110%. Sedangkan hasil uji laju disolusi untuk campuran fisik 1: 1, dan dispersi padat 1: 1, dan penggilingan 1: 1 menunjukkan peningkatan yang nyata dibandingkan asiklovir murni. Hal ini juga dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan statistik  menggunakan analisis varian satu arah  SPSS 17.

Preparation of Borosilicate Xerogel and Research on its Mineralization

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2059-2062
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Ya Dong Li ◽  
Gu Qiao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tributyl borate was first adopted for the introduction of boron in the preparation of bioactive borosilicate xerogel by sol-gel method. The xerogel reacted continuously in 0.25M K2HPO4 solution with a starting pH value of 7.0 at 37 °C for 1day. The structural, morphologies and compositional changes resulting from the conversion were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that speed of formation of HA was cut way back on the time with the addition of boron and the induction period for the HA nucleation on the surface of the borosilicate xerogel was short than 1 days. The conversion mechanism of the borosilicate xerogels to hydroxyapaptite was also discussed.

scholarly journals The Characteristics of Padamarang Magnesite under Calcination and Hydrothermal Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutia Dewi Yuniati ◽  
Feronika Cinthya Mawarni Putri Wawuru ◽  
Anggoro Tri Mursito ◽  
Iwan Setiawan ◽  
Lediyantje Lintjewas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Magnesite (MgCO3) is the main source for production of magnesium and its compound. In Indonesia, magnesite is quite rare and can be only found in limited amount in Padamarang Island, Southeast Sulawesi Provence. Thus the properties of magnesite and the reactivity degree of the obtained product are of technological importance. The aim of this work was to analyze the characteristics of Padamarang magnesite under calcination and hydrothermal treatment processes. The processes were carried out at various temperatures with range of 150-900°C for 30 minutes. The solids were characterized with respect to their chemical and physical properties by using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM image indicates that magnesite was formed from thin and flat hexagon sheets. The FTIR and XRD analysis disclose that MgO formed at temperature above 300°C, where as the magnesite sample also lost its mass around 50%. These results demonstrate that Padamarang magnesite decomposes to magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide at high temperature.Magnesit (MgCO3) merupakan sumber utama untuk produksi magnesium dan senyawa-senyawanya. Di Indonesia, magnesit cukup jarang dan hanya dapat ditemukan dalam jumlah yang terbatas di Pulau Padamarang, Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Oleh karena itu sifat magnesit dan derajat reaktivitas dari produk-produk magnesit penting untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik magnesit Padamarang dengan perlakuan kalsinasi dan hidrothermal.  Proses dilakukan pada temperatur yang bervariasi dari 150-900°C selama 30 menit. Sifat kimia dan fisika dari magnesit dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscopy dengan energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dan X-ray diffraction (XRD). Gambar dari analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa magnesit terbentuk dari lembaran-lembaran heksagonal yang tipis dan datar. Hasil analisis dengan FTIR dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa MgO terbentuk pada temperatur diatas 300°C, dimana sampel magnesit juga kehilangan massanya sekitar 50% pada suhu tersebut. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Magnesit Padamarang terdekomposisi menjadi magnesium oksida dan karbon dioksida pada temperatur tinggi.

Biocidal activity of curcumin and cationic polymer possessing composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 389-398
Author(s):  
Tarık Eren ◽  
Gülay Baysal ◽  
Faik Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

There is a growing interest in new type of biocidal compounds with antibacterial properties against bacteria. In this study, new antibacterial synthetic materials bearing curcumin and cationic polymers were synthesized. In the synthesis stage, the methacrylate functional cationic monomer was synthesized via the Michael addition route by using 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate and 3-amino pyridine to obtain Monomer 1. Monomer 1 was further quaternized with hexyl bromide to obtain a cationic methacrylate functional monomer. Free-radical polymerization of Monomer 1 and methyl acrylate was conducted in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile under dimethylformamide solvent. The composite formulation was conducted by using turmeric extract Curcuma longa (curcumin), hydroxyapatite, montmorillonite, and silver nitrate. The materials were analyzed by using the methods of X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The biocidal activities against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed using agar well diffusion method. From the Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy analysis results of the synthesized nanocomposites, it is seen that they form strong connections with the components added to the composites and form an exfoliated structure. According to the antibacterial analysis results, the nanocomposites obtained have showed a strong antibacterial resistance against E.coli, L.monocytogenes, Salmonella, and S. aureus bacteria, and the high inhibition zone areas were obtained.

Ethylenediamine Processed Cu2SnS3 Nano Particles via Mild Solution Route

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Nesamony Prathiba Jeya Helan ◽  
Kannusamy Mohanraj ◽  
Sethuramachandran Thanikaikarasan ◽  
Thaiyan Mahalingam ◽  
Ganesan Sivakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Copper tin sulphide nanoparticles have been prepared by solution growth technique at various ethylenediamine concentrations. Prepared samples have been characterized using x-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared, Raman and scanning electron microscopy techniques. x-ray diffraction results revealed that the prepared samples are nanocrystalline in nature with tetragonal structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis results showed the presence of Cu-O, Sn-O and Sn-S vibrations in the wavenumber range between 450 and 620 cm-1. Vibrational symmetry of prepared samples have been analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated the formation of flower like nanocrystals for samples prepared at various Ethylenediamine concentrations.

Regeneration of the Brewing Spent Diatomite

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 1425-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Ya Mei ◽  
Teng Hong Hui
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Remarkable Increase ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent ◽  
Scanning Electron

Brewing spent diatomite (BSDT), a beer industrial by-product, was regenerated with calcination. The characteristics of regenerated BSDT were detected by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, Fourier-transform infrared, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the mineralization of the surface adsorbate and the remarkable increase in the Si-OH decreased the pHpzc value from 7.6 to 5.2 and increased the surface area from 36 m2/g to 52 m2/g after calcination at 800 °C. The results show that the regenerated BSTD could be employed as an efficient adsorbent for the recycling of BSDT.

Synthesis of Triethynylborazine-Polyhydromethylsiloxane Copolymers and its Ceramization

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 629-633
Author(s):  
Ji Feng Jiang ◽  
Kang Kang Guo ◽  
Ya Ping Zhu ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Hui Min Qi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrosilylation Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scanning Electron

Triethynylborazine-polyhydromethylsiloxane copolymers (TEB-PHMSs) were prepared through hydrosilylation reaction between -C≡CH attached to boron and ≡Si-H. The structures of TEB-PHMSs were characterized by Fourier transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Their cure behavior were examined by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and FT-IR, and then thermostability and ceramization of cured TEB-PHMS were investigated by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), pyrolysis-GC-MS, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that TEB-PHMSs could be cured and converted into an outstanding thermostable SiBCN ceramics.

scholarly journals Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Bakteri Tercangkok Poliakrilonitril dan Teramidoksimasi Menggunakan Teknik Pra-iradiasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oktaviani Oktaviani ◽  
Emil Budianto ◽  
Sugiarto Danu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Acetobacter Xylinum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Gravimetry ◽  
Scanning Electron

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kopolimerisasi cangkok akrilonitril pada selulosa bakteri (SB) dengan inisiasi radiasi serta penambahan hidroksilamin untuk menghasilkan gugus amidoksim. Pencangkokan akrilonitril pada SB diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ketahanan termal SB. Sedangkan SB yang bersifat sebagai pengkelat ion-ion logam berat, diharapkan dapat dihasilkan melalui penambahan hidroksilamin. Film selulosa bakteri telah berhasil dibuat dari air kelapa yang diinokulasi dengan bakteri Acetobacter xylinum. Film selulosa bakteri (SB) selanjutnya diiradiasi dengan berkas elektron pada rentang dosis 15-120 kGy, laju dosis 15 kGy/pass pada suhu 30 + 1 0C. Setelah diiradiasi, SB tersebut dikopolimerisasi cangkok dengan monomer akrilonitril. Kondisi optimum untuk kopolimerisasi cangkok akrilonitril pada SB adalah pada dosis 75 kGy, suhu 600C, waktu 3 jam, dan konsentrasi akrilonitril 30% b/b. Derajat pencangkokan tertinggi yang diperoleh adalah 56,03 %. Selulosa bakteri tercangkok akrilonitril (SB tercangkok PAN) selanjutnya diamidoksimasi. Amidoksimasi dilakukan dengan penambahan hidroksilamin hidroklorida 6 % b/v dalam pelarut metanol:air = 50:50 v/v pada pH 7, dan diperoleh waktu optimum selama 2 jam dengan densitas gugus amidoksim sebesar 5,425 mmol/ g. Hasil karakterisasi dengan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan adanya spektrum spesifik gugus siano setelah proses pencangkokan akrilonitril pada SB dan intensitasnya menurun setelah diamidoksimasi. Hal tersebut diperkuat dengan hasil uji Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) yang memperlihatkan adanya gugus siano yang menempel setelah pencangkokan, dan gugus tersebut tidak terlihat lagi setelah amidoksimasi. Dari hasil uji dengan X-ray Diffraction (XRD), indeks kristalinitas SB tercangkok PAN akan semakin rendah dengan meningkatnya derajat pencangkokan dan pengujian dengan Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA) menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan panas SB tercangkok PAN meningkat.

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