scholarly journals ¿Puede un programa de ocho semanas basado en técnicas hipopresivas producir cambios en la función del suelo pélvico y composición corporal de jugadoras de rugby? (Can an eight-week program based on the hypopressive technique produce changes in pelvic floo

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Myrian Marta Álvarez Sáez ◽  
Tamara Rial Rebullido ◽  
Iván Chulvi Medrano ◽  
Jose Luis García Soidán ◽  
Juan Manuel Cortell Tormo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Muscle Stretching ◽  
Rugby Players

La Técnica Hipopresiva (TH) se basa en posturas de estiramiento sostenidas mientras se realizan respiraciones torácicas y apneas intermitentes. Existe poca evidencia sobre sus efectos en la musculatura abdominal y del Suelo Pélvico (SP), así como en otras variables cineantropométricas, especialmente en mujeres deportistas. El objetivo del estudio fue describir los efectos de un programa basado en la TH sobre la composición corporal, contracción del transverso del abdomen (TA) y función muscular del SP de mujeres deportistas. La muestra estuvo formada por 11 jugadoras de rugby (23.3años, SD = 2,69; 23.3; IMC, SD = 1,98) que realizaron ocho posturas de la TH, realizadas en sesiones de 45 minutos, dos veces por semana a lo largo de ocho semanas. Todas las sesiones fueron supervisadas por una fisioterapeuta cualificada. Se evaluó la composición corporal a través de impedancia bioeléctrica y la circunferencia de la cadera y cintura se midieron con cinta antropométrica. La máxima contracción del TA se evalúo con biofeedback de presión. Para analizar la tonicidad y contractilidad muscular del SP se utilizó un pelvímetro Phenix. Se observaron diferencias significativas tras el periodo de entrenamiento en la circunferencia de la cintura, la máxima contracción del TA y en la contractilidad y tonicidad de la musculatura del SP (p<.05). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en los valores de composición corporal y en la circunferencia de la cadera (p>.05). Estos resultados preliminares indican que un programa supervisado de ocho semanas de la TH puede ser utilizado para mejorar la función abdominal y del SP de jugadoras de rugby.Abstract. The hypopressive technique (HT) uses active muscle stretching postures in conjunction with thoracic breathing and intermittent breath holding. There is little evidence about the effects of HT on the deep musculature of the abdomen and the pelvic floor (PF) as well as other kinanthropometric variables, especially in female athletes. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of HT program on body composition, contraction of the transversus abdominis (TA) and PF muscle function in female athletes. 11 female rugby players (23.3yr, SD=2.69; 23.3; BMI, SD=1.98) performed eight HT postures twice per week for 8 weeks with a total duration of 45-minutes per session. All training sessions were supervised by a qualified HT physiotherapist. Body composition was evaluated through bioelectrical impedance and waist and hip circumferences were measured with anthropometric tape. Maximum contraction of the TA was assessed with a biofeedback pressure device. The pelvimetre Phenix was used to analyze tonicity and PF contractility. Following the training period, significant differences were observed in waist circumference, maximum contraction of the TA and contractility and muscle tone of the PF (p<.05). No significant differences were found in body composition and hip circumference (p>.05). These preliminary findings indicate that a supervised 8-week program of HT can be used to enhance abdominal and perineal function in female rugby players.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Abdominal Wall Muscle Thickness in Female Rugby Players Versus Non-Athletic Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Abuín-Porras ◽  
Mónica de la Cueva-Reguera ◽  
Pedro Benavides-Morales ◽  
Rocío Ávila-Pérez ◽  
Blanca de la Cruz-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Rugby Players

Background and Objectives: Rugby players engage in demanding, high loading muscular activity in the spine. Study of the abdominal wall architecture in female rugby athletes is relevant to the possible muscular asymmetry secondary to sport practice and the relationship between the abdominal wall and the pelvic floor muscles. Activation of the transversus abdominis (TrAb) generates an increase in the bladder neck muscle. Moreover, an increased interrecti distance (IRD) is related to urinary incontinence and has a higher prevalence in athletic women. The aim of the present study was to compare and quantify, with ultrasound imaging (USI), the thickness of the transversus abdominis (TrAb), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), rectus abdominis (RA), and interrecti distance (IRD) in female rugby players versus non-athletic women in order to improve upon existing knowledge about abdominal wall configuration in female athletes. Materials and Methods: A sample of 32 women was recruited at the Universidad Europea Research Lab and divided in two groups: a rugby group (n = 16) and a non-athletic women group (n = 16). The thickness of the TrAb, EO, IO, RA, and IRD were assessed by USI in both groups. Results: There were statistically significant differences for the ultrasound evaluation thickness of the right TrAb (p = 0.011; d = 0.10), EO (p = 0.045; d = 0.74), IO (p = 0.003; d = 1.32), and RA (p = 0.001; d = 1.38) showing a thickness increase for the rugby group with respect to the control group. For the IRD thickness, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between groups. Conclusions: An increased TrAb, IO, EO, and RA thickness may be shown in female rugby players versus non-athletic women. Nevertheless, statistically relevant differences were not found for the IRD between both groups.

Reliability and validity of body composition measures in female athletes

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1114-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willa C. Fornetti ◽  
James M. Pivarnik ◽  
Jeanne M. Foley ◽  
Justus J. Fiechtner
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
X Ray

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and near-infrared interactance (NIR) for estimating body composition in female athletes. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used as the criterion measure for fat-free mass (FFM). Studies were performed in 132 athletes [age = 20.4 ± 1.5 (SD) yr]. Intraclass reliabilities (repeat and single trial) were 0.987–0.997 for BIA (resistance and reactance) and 0.957–0.980 for NIR (optical densities). Validity of BIA and NIR was assessed by double cross-validation. Because correlations were high ( r = 0.969–0.983) and prediction errors low, a single equation was developed by using all 132 subjects for both BIA and NIR. Also, an equation was developed for all subjects by using height and weight only. Results from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analysis showed FFM = 49.5 ± 6.0 kg, which corresponded to %body fat (%BF) of 20.4 ± 3.1%. BIA predicted FFM at 49.4 ± 5.9 kg ( r = 0.981, SEE = 1.1), and NIR prediction was 49.5 ± 5.8 kg ( r = 0.975, SEE = 1.2). Height and weight alone predicted FFM at 49.4 ± 5.7 kg ( r = 0.961, SEE = 1.6). When converted to %BF, prediction errors were ∼1.8% for BIA and NIR and 2.9% for height and weight. Results showed BIA and NIR to be extremely reliable and valid techniques for estimating body composition in college-age female athletes.

scholarly journals Neuromuscular Impairment of Knee Stabilizer Muscles in a COVID-19 Cluster of Female Volleyball Players: Which Role for Rehabilitation in the Post-COVID-19 Return-to-Play?

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Alessandro de Sire ◽  
Andrea Demeco ◽  
Nicola Marotta ◽  
Riccardo Spanò ◽  
Claudio Curci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Residual Symptoms

COVID-19 athletes reported persistent and residual symptoms many weeks after initial infection, including cough, fatigue, and neuromuscular disorders. Poor neuromuscular control may cause inefficient movement strategies increasing anterior cruciate ligament load. This is particularly relevant in female athletes, who show a 3-time higher risk than male counterparts. Aim is to evaluate the impairment in thigh muscles activation, body composition, and physical performance after COVID-19 in volleyball athletes. We recruited a cohort of female professional players from the same team. We assessed the pre-activation time of Rectus Femoris (RF), Vastus Medialis (VM), Medial Hamstring (MH), and Lateral Hamstring (LH) before (T0) and after (T1) COVID-19 infection, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and jump tests. We included 12 athletes with COVID-19 infection diagnosis in January 2021. At T1 we found a significant (p < 0.05) delay (ms) of the activation time of RF (426 ± 188 vs. 152 ± 106); VM (363 ± 192 vs. 140 ± 96); BF (229 ± 60 vs. 150 ± 63); MH (231 ± 88 vs. 203 ± 89), and a significant reduction of body composition at BIA. The neuromotor imbalance of the knee stabilizer muscle in female athletes after COVID-19 infection determines a deficit of knee stabilization. Physicians should consider neuromuscular and metabolic sequelae to identify athletes at higher risk of injury and set up specific neuromuscular rehabilitation protocols.

Body Composition Comparisons Of Multi-frequency Bioelectrical Impedance And Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry In Female Athletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Robert L. Herron ◽  
Matthew Leatherwood ◽  
Adam Whittaker ◽  
Nik Chamberlin ◽  
Ronald L. Snarr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Effect of 12-Week Swimming Training on Body Composition in Young Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Charmas ◽  
Wilhelm Gromisz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Total Body

Background: Systematic physical activity can permanently prevent disadvantageous developments in the human body. This is very important especially for women, for whom the maintenance of a lean body in good shape is sometimes a primary consideration. However, in most cases, this activity is taken randomly and does not produce the desired effects such as reducing body fat. The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in female body composition induced by 12 weeks of swimming training compared to sedentary controls. Methods: Training sessions occurred three times per week (60 min/session). Height, body mass, and waist/hip circumference and waist/hips ratio (WHR) were measured. Body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW), fat mass (FM), lean mass (FFM), and muscle mass (MM) were measured using bioelectrical impedance (pre/post). Results: Training elicited decreases in hip circumference and increase in WHR. No changes were recorded in BCM, TBW, ECW, ICW, FM, FFM, and MM. Controls experienced decreases in values of BCM, ICW, and MM and increases in ECW. Conclusion: The applied swimming training did not significantly affect the body composition parameters. Inactivity also triggered a tendency toward unhealthy movement of water from the intracellular to extracellular space.

scholarly journals Classic Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Reference Values for Assessing Body Composition in Male and Female Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Catarina Matias ◽  
Hannes Gatterer ◽  
Stefania Toselli ◽  
Josely C. Koury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Male And Female

Bioimpedance standards are well established for the normal healthy population and in clinical settings, but they are not available for many sports categories. The aim of this study was to develop reference values for male and female athletes using classic bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA). In this study, 1556 athletes engaged in different sports were evaluated during their off-season period. A tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analyzer was used to determine measurements of resistance (R) and reactance (Xc). The classic BIVA procedure, which corrects bioelectrical values for body height, was applied, and fat-free mass, fat mass, and total body water were estimated. In order to verify the need for specific references, classic bioelectrical values were compared to the reference values for the general male and female populations. Additionally, athletes were divided into three groups: endurance, velocity/power, and team sports. In comparison with the general healthy male and female populations, the mean vectors of the athletes showed a shift to the left on the R–Xc graph. Considering the same set of modalities, BIVA confidence graphs showed that male and female endurance athletes presented lower body fluids, fat mass, and fat-free mass than other sets of modalities. This study provides BIVA reference values for an athletic population that can be used as a standard for assessing body composition in male and female athletes.

Short-term Dehydroepiandrosterone Intake and Supramaximal Exercise in Young Recreationally-trained Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (09) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Gravisse ◽  
Nancy Vibarel-Rebot ◽  
Zakaria Labsy ◽  
Manh-Cuong Do ◽  
Olivier Gagey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Ergogenic Effect ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractWADA has banned dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) but its ergogenic effect in female athletes has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine whether short-term DHEA intake would improve performance during a supramaximal field exercise in healthy young recreationally trained women. Its impact on body composition, metabolic responses was also measured. Eleven young female volunteers completed four running-based anaerobic sprint tests: just before and after treatment with either oral placebo or DHEA (100 mg/day/28days), following a double-blind and randomized protocol. Bioelectrical impedance assessed body composition. At rest and after passive recovery, blood samples were collected for lactate measurement and saliva samples for DHEA, testosterone and cortisol analysis. There was no significant difference in body composition or performance parameters after DHEA administration, despite a tendency toward increased peak power and decreased fat mass. However, DHEA treatment induced a very marked increase in saliva DHEA and testosterone concentrations (p<0.001), with no change in cortisol or lactate levels. In conclusion, short-term DHEA administration did not improve performance or have an anabolic effect in young female recreationally trained athletes, despite the increase in androgenic hormones. Further studies are needed to determine whether a higher daily dose would generate an ergogenic effect during anaerobic exercise.

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