scholarly journals Comparison of the Abdominal Wall Muscle Thickness in Female Rugby Players Versus Non-Athletic Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Abuín-Porras ◽  
Mónica de la Cueva-Reguera ◽  
Pedro Benavides-Morales ◽  
Rocío Ávila-Pérez ◽  
Blanca de la Cruz-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Rugby Players

Background and Objectives: Rugby players engage in demanding, high loading muscular activity in the spine. Study of the abdominal wall architecture in female rugby athletes is relevant to the possible muscular asymmetry secondary to sport practice and the relationship between the abdominal wall and the pelvic floor muscles. Activation of the transversus abdominis (TrAb) generates an increase in the bladder neck muscle. Moreover, an increased interrecti distance (IRD) is related to urinary incontinence and has a higher prevalence in athletic women. The aim of the present study was to compare and quantify, with ultrasound imaging (USI), the thickness of the transversus abdominis (TrAb), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), rectus abdominis (RA), and interrecti distance (IRD) in female rugby players versus non-athletic women in order to improve upon existing knowledge about abdominal wall configuration in female athletes. Materials and Methods: A sample of 32 women was recruited at the Universidad Europea Research Lab and divided in two groups: a rugby group (n = 16) and a non-athletic women group (n = 16). The thickness of the TrAb, EO, IO, RA, and IRD were assessed by USI in both groups. Results: There were statistically significant differences for the ultrasound evaluation thickness of the right TrAb (p = 0.011; d = 0.10), EO (p = 0.045; d = 0.74), IO (p = 0.003; d = 1.32), and RA (p = 0.001; d = 1.38) showing a thickness increase for the rugby group with respect to the control group. For the IRD thickness, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between groups. Conclusions: An increased TrAb, IO, EO, and RA thickness may be shown in female rugby players versus non-athletic women. Nevertheless, statistically relevant differences were not found for the IRD between both groups.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Assessment of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Women with and without Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Cross-Sectional Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Romero-Morales ◽  
Mónica de la Cueva-Reguera ◽  
Beatriz Miñambres-Vallejo ◽  
Beatriz Ruiz-Ruiz ◽  
César Calvo-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gynecological Disorders

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common gynecological disorders in women of reproductive age that may affect quality of life. It is believed that the underlying cause of PD may be the excessive production of prostaglandins (PGs), however, between 20%–25% of women with PD did not respond to pharmacological treatments, showing that nociceptive mechanisms underlying PD are still not understood. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare, through the use of ultrasound imaging, the thickness at rest of the abdominal wall, as well as the interrecti distance (IRD), in women with and without PD. Methods: A cross-sectional study has been performed using ultrasound imaging (USI) to measure the resting thickness of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), transversus abdominis (TrAb), rectus abdominis (RA), as well as the IRD in a sample of 39 women, 19 with PD and 20 without PD (median ± IR age: 20 ± 4 and 22.5 ± 7 years, respectively). Results: Findings of muscular thickness did not reveal statically significant differences (p < 0.05) in EO, IO, TrAb, RA, and the IRD between the PD group and control group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the thickness of the abdominal wall is not associated with PD.

scholarly journals Gender-Typed Sport Practice, Physical Self-Perceptions, and Performance-Related Emotions in Adolescent Girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8518
Author(s):  
Milena Morano ◽  
Claudio Robazza ◽  
Montse C. Ruiz ◽  
Stefania Cataldi ◽  
Francesco Fischetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aesthetic Sports

Youth sport experience provides opportunities for physical, personal, and social development in youngsters. Sport is a social system in which socially constructed gender differences and stereotypes are incorporated, and specific sport activities are often perceived as gender characterized. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between some salient physical and emotional self-perceptions and the type of sport practiced. A sample of 261 female athletes, aged 14–21 years (Mage = 15.59, SD = 2.00), practicing different sports, categorized as feminine (e.g., artistic and rhythmic gymnastics), masculine (e.g., soccer and rugby), or neutral (e.g., track and field and tennis), took part in a cross-sectional study. Significant differences were observed between aesthetic sports and other types of sports. Athletes involved in aesthetic sports reported the lowest values in their feelings of confidence and the highest values in feelings of worry related to competition. This may be attributed to the evaluation system of aesthetic sports, in which the athlete’s performance is evaluated by a jury. At the same time, they reported low values of dysfunctional psychobiosocial states associated with their general sport experience, likely because of their physical appearance close to the current body social standards for girls. Notwithstanding the differences by type of sport, athletes of all disciplines reported high mean values of functional psychobiosocial states, suggesting that their overall sporting experience was good.

Tendon Cross-Sectional Area is Not Associated with Muscle Volume

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuki Fukutani ◽  
Toshiyuki Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rugby Players

Recent studies have reported that resistance training increases the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of tendons; however, this finding has not been consistently observed across different studies. If tendon CSA increases through resistance training, resistance-trained individuals should have larger tendon CSAs as compared with untrained individuals. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to investigate whether resistance training increases tendon CSAs by comparing resistance-trained and untrained individuals. Sixteen males, who were either body builders or rugby players, were recruited as the training group, and 11 males, who did not participate in regular resistance training, were recruited into the control group. Tendon CSAs and muscle volumes of the triceps brachii, quadriceps femoris, and triceps surae were calculated from images obtained by using magnetic resonance imaging. The volumes of the 3 muscles were significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P < .001 for all muscles). However, a significant difference in tendon CSAs was found only for the distal portion of the triceps surae tendon (P = .041). These findings indicate that tendon CSA is not associated with muscle volume, suggesting that resistance training does not increase tendon CSA.

Iron Status in Female Athletes In Dhaka City

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
T Alam ◽  
S M N Rahman ◽  
N Tasnim ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
R Begum
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron Depletion

Iron deficiency anemia may impair athletic performance. Long term training has been associated with iron depletion in athletes involve in heavy exercise, especially in women. The cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of physiology, of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2010 to June 2011 to assess the serum iron status in female athletes and its importance on performance. For this purpose a total number of 105 subjects (70 female athletes and 35 non athletes) were included within the age ranged from 15-25 years. In this study 35 apparently healthy female non athletes were selected as control (Group- A) and 70 female athletes were selected as study group (Group- B) according to sporting category. This study group was further subdivided as (Group-B1) runners and (Group-B2) cyclists. Serum iron status were measured and recorded For comparison between two groups, statistical analysis was done by student's unpaired "C test. Mean Iron and Ferritin level were significantly (P<0.001) lower in athletes than those of control group. Within the study group, runner's serum Iron and serum ferritin level were lower than those of group B2. The present study showed that intense physical exercise leading to early stages of iron depletion which might compromise the health and performance of athletes, among them runners were more affected than cyclists.

scholarly journals Assessment of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Abdominal Surgery by Total Requirement of Diclofenac as a Post-Operative Analgesia Drug

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Jigna R Shah ◽  
Apoorva Moghe ◽  
Maulik Humbal
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tap Block ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Plane ◽  
Rescue Analgesia

Background: Amongst various techniques of TAP block, landmark technique via the triangle of Petit seems to hold considerable promise for patients undergoing surgical procedures involving abdominal wall incisions. The aim of this study is to evaluate transversus abdominis plane [TAP] block in abdominal surgery by total requirement of diclofenac as postoperative analgesia drug.Subjects and Methods:Present study was carried out at Department of Anesthesia, GMERS medical college, Sola, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India from May 2014 to May 2015. According to formula based nomogram, sample size for proposed study would be: Study group (n=30): patient received TAP block with injection bupivacaine (0.25%) 20 ml. Control group (n=30): patient not received TAP block and was given injection diclofenac on demand for post-operative analgesia as per institute protocol for routine surgery. Sensory block was assessed by sterile pin prick method in the midaxillary line on both sides of chest. Postoperative pain was assessed by using the visual analogue scale.Results:Majority of the patient were in age group of 30 to 50 in both group. VAS score was significantly higher in control group as compared to the study group at all the time. First dose of rescue analgesia required in study group was at 669.66± 346 min and in control group was 220.33 ± 139.24 min which was statistically significant. Diclofenac requirement in study group was one time in 22 patient and two time in 8 patient which was significantly less as compare to control group in which diclofenac requirement was one time in 2 patient and two time in 5 patient and three time in 23 patient in 24 hour.Conclusion:TAP block is a promising new technique for postoperative pain management in surgery involving the anterior abdominal wall as a part of multimodal analgesia. Further studies are warranted to support this finding before establishing it in routine clinical practice in different type of surgical procedures.

scholarly journals Serum complexed and free prostate specific antigen levels are lower in female elite athletes in comparison to control women

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Eklund ◽  
Eleftherios P. Diamandis ◽  
Carla Muytjens ◽  
Sarah Wheeler ◽  
Anu Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Psa

Background: We hypothesize that prostate specific antigen (PSA), a protein that it is under regulation by androgens, may be differentially expressed in female elite athletes in comparison to control women.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 106 female athletes and 114 sedentary age-matched controls.  Serum from these women was analyzed for complexed prostate specific antigen (cPSA) and free prostate specific antigen (fPSA), by fifth generation assays with limits of detection of around 6 and 140 fg/mL, respectively.  A panel of estrogens, androgens and progesterone in the same serum was also quantified by tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Both components of serum PSA (cPSA and fPSA) were lower in the elite athletes vs the control group (P=0.033 and 0.013, respectively).  Furthermore, estrone (p=0.003) and estradiol (p=0.004) were significantly lower, and dehydroepiandrosterone  (p=0.095) and 5-androstene-3β, 17β-diol (p=0.084) tended to be higher in the athletes vs controls. Oral contraceptive use was similar between groups and significantly associated with increased cPSA and fPSA in athletes (p= 0.046 and 0.009, respectively).  PSA fractions were not significantly associated with progesterone changes. The Spearman correlation between cPSA and fPSA in both athletes and controls was 0.75 (P < 0.0001) and 0.64 (P < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions: Elite athletes have lower complexed and free PSA, higher levels of androgen precursors and lower levels of estrogen in their serum than sedentary control women.Abbreviations: cPSA, complexed PSA; fPSA, free PSA; PCOS, polycystic ovarian syndrome; E1, estrone; E2, estradiol; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone, Testo, testosterone; DHT, dihydrotestosterone; PROG, progesterone; Delta 4, androstenedione; Delta 5, androst-5-ene-3β, 17β-diol; BMD, body mineral density; LLOQ, lower limit of quantification; ULOQ, upper limit of quantification; LOD, limit of detection; ACT, α1-antichymotrypsin

scholarly journals ¿Puede un programa de ocho semanas basado en técnicas hipopresivas producir cambios en la función del suelo pélvico y composición corporal de jugadoras de rugby? (Can an eight-week program based on the hypopressive technique produce changes in pelvic floo

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Myrian Marta Álvarez Sáez ◽  
Tamara Rial Rebullido ◽  
Iván Chulvi Medrano ◽  
Jose Luis García Soidán ◽  
Juan Manuel Cortell Tormo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Muscle Stretching ◽  
Rugby Players

La Técnica Hipopresiva (TH) se basa en posturas de estiramiento sostenidas mientras se realizan respiraciones torácicas y apneas intermitentes. Existe poca evidencia sobre sus efectos en la musculatura abdominal y del Suelo Pélvico (SP), así como en otras variables cineantropométricas, especialmente en mujeres deportistas. El objetivo del estudio fue describir los efectos de un programa basado en la TH sobre la composición corporal, contracción del transverso del abdomen (TA) y función muscular del SP de mujeres deportistas. La muestra estuvo formada por 11 jugadoras de rugby (23.3años, SD = 2,69; 23.3; IMC, SD = 1,98) que realizaron ocho posturas de la TH, realizadas en sesiones de 45 minutos, dos veces por semana a lo largo de ocho semanas. Todas las sesiones fueron supervisadas por una fisioterapeuta cualificada. Se evaluó la composición corporal a través de impedancia bioeléctrica y la circunferencia de la cadera y cintura se midieron con cinta antropométrica. La máxima contracción del TA se evalúo con biofeedback de presión. Para analizar la tonicidad y contractilidad muscular del SP se utilizó un pelvímetro Phenix. Se observaron diferencias significativas tras el periodo de entrenamiento en la circunferencia de la cintura, la máxima contracción del TA y en la contractilidad y tonicidad de la musculatura del SP (p<.05). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en los valores de composición corporal y en la circunferencia de la cadera (p>.05). Estos resultados preliminares indican que un programa supervisado de ocho semanas de la TH puede ser utilizado para mejorar la función abdominal y del SP de jugadoras de rugby.Abstract. The hypopressive technique (HT) uses active muscle stretching postures in conjunction with thoracic breathing and intermittent breath holding. There is little evidence about the effects of HT on the deep musculature of the abdomen and the pelvic floor (PF) as well as other kinanthropometric variables, especially in female athletes. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of HT program on body composition, contraction of the transversus abdominis (TA) and PF muscle function in female athletes. 11 female rugby players (23.3yr, SD=2.69; 23.3; BMI, SD=1.98) performed eight HT postures twice per week for 8 weeks with a total duration of 45-minutes per session. All training sessions were supervised by a qualified HT physiotherapist. Body composition was evaluated through bioelectrical impedance and waist and hip circumferences were measured with anthropometric tape. Maximum contraction of the TA was assessed with a biofeedback pressure device. The pelvimetre Phenix was used to analyze tonicity and PF contractility. Following the training period, significant differences were observed in waist circumference, maximum contraction of the TA and contractility and muscle tone of the PF (p<.05). No significant differences were found in body composition and hip circumference (p>.05). These preliminary findings indicate that a supervised 8-week program of HT can be used to enhance abdominal and perineal function in female rugby players.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashish Narula ◽  
Narendra Kumar Dara ◽  
Shyam Lal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL

ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN LEUKODERMA AND PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mukesh Batra
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Illness Anxiety

Background: Leukoderma is an acquired disease of pigmentation which is presented by depigmented areas of different shape and sizes on the skin. In various researches it was reported that these defects in melanocytes occurred due to autoimmune pathway or the complex causation of oxidative stress and genetics. Material & Methods: In the present cross‑sectional prospective study 100 patients who were diagnosed with Leukoderma and controls who were not having depigmentation of skin and without any known clinical disease were enrolled for present study by simple random sampling. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Clearance from institutional ethical committee was also taken prior to the study. Results: The prevalence of psychiatric illness among leukoderma group was 22% and among 78% patients we did not found any psychiatric illness. The most common symptom was depression which was present among 22% of patients with Leukoderma and 18% patients with Leukoderma had anxiety symptoms. Among the control group depression was present in 5 % subjects and anxiety symptoms were present in 7% of subjects. The mean WHO-Quality of life scores was low among Leukoderma group in relation to the control group (p value <0.05). On correlation with psychiatric illness, observations were statistically non-significant (p > 0.05) with HAMA-A and HAMA- D. The observations were statistically significant (p < 0.05) with GHQ total and BSA score. Conclusion:  Higher prevalence of psychitric morbidity among patients with leukoderma and it was found associated with duration of disease and BSA scores. The most common symptom was depression which was followed by anxiety symptoms. Key words: Leukoderma, psychiatric illness, anxiety, depression.

Pengaruh bising lalu lintas terhadap penurunan fungsi pendengaran pada juru parkir di kota Denpasar

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Susilawati ◽  
Wayan Sudana ◽  
Eka Putra Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Function

Background: Noise pollution or noise is an unwanted sound which is disturbing to human beings.However small or soft the sound, if it is undesirable it is considered as noise. Noise induced hearingloss is a sensorineural hearing loss that is commonly encountered second to presbycusis. Purpose: Toknow the effect of traffic noise exposure on hearing impairment to the employees of the Parking DistrictCompany of the Denpasar city and to improve diagnostic detection on hearing impairment caused bynoise. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Parking District Company office. Thepopulations of this study were the employees of the Parking District Company. Samples of this study were the employees who were exposed to traffic noise and control samples were an employee who was unexposed. Samples were selected by simple random sampling. Results: From 40 parking attendants,27 persons (67.5%) aged above 35 years old. The parking attendants who had been working for ten to fifteen years were 36 persons (90%) and no history using ear protection when working. Seven persons(17.5%) had referred DPOAE upon examination with increase hearing threshold on audiogram result.In this study the parking attendants who had hearing deficit induced by noise were 7 persons (17.5%)and only one person (2.5%) in control group. There was a statistically significant effect of traffic noiseto hearing function deficit (p<0.05). Conclusion: Traffic noise has effect in hearing function deficit onthe parking attendants.ORLI Vol. 40 No. 2 Tahun 2010Key words: NIHL, parking attendant, audiometry, DPOAE.

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