scholarly journals Hip and thigh muscular activity in professional soccer players during an isometric squat with and without controlled hip contraction (Actividad muscular de cadera y muslo en jugadores de fútbol profesionales durante una sentadilla isométrica con y sin co

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 697-704
Author(s):  
Gabriel Rojas-Quinchavil ◽  
Pablo Venegas-Jeldrez ◽  
Oscar Valencia ◽  
Rodrigo Guzmán-Venegas ◽  
Oscar Florencio Araneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Fascia Lata ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae

  The purpose of the present investigation was twofold 1) To compare the hip and thigh muscular activity of professional soccer players when performing the isometric squat with and without controlled hip contraction; 2) To determine the muscular relationships that take place during these methods of execution of the exercise. Methods: 11 healthy male professional soccer players, randomly performed three modalities of isometric squat at a 60° knee flexion: conventional squat (SQ), squat with hip abduction contraction (SQ-ABD) and squat with hip adduction contraction (SQ-ADD), controlled at 70% of 1 maximum repetition. The activity of the gluteus medius (GM), tensor fasciae latae (TFL), vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris (BF) was obtained through surface electromyography. Hip (GM/TFL), quadriceps (VM/VL) hamstrings (ST/BF), and hamstrings/quadriceps (H/Q) ratios were analyzed. Results: GM increases in SQ-ABD and SQ-ADD compared to SQ (p<.01). The TFL, VL, SM and BF muscles have significantly higher activity in SQ-ADD compared to SQ (p<.05). The VL, VM and BF muscles significantly increase their activity in SQ-ADD compared to SQ-ABD (p <0.05). GM/TFL, VM/VL and ST/BF do not show significant differences between the three isometric squat methods. The H/Q ratio was higher in SQ-ABD and SQ-ADD compared to SQ (p<.01). Conclusion: The squat with hip adduction contraction in a controlled manner increases the muscular activity of the hip and thigh. Performing this combined maneuver can have benefits in sports training and rehabilitation because it increases the H/Q ratio of soccer players.  Resumen. El propósito de la presente investigación fue doble: 1) Comparar la actividad muscular de la cadera y el muslo de los futbolistas profesionales cuando realizan sentadillas isométricas con y sin contracción controlada de la cadera; 2) Determinar las relaciones musculares que tienen lugar durante estas modalidades de ejecución del ejercicio. Metodología: 11 jugadores de fútbol profesionales sanos, realizaron al azar tres modalidades de sentadilla isométrica con una flexión de rodilla de 60 °: sentadilla convencional (SQ), sentadilla con contracción de abducción de cadera (SQ-ABD) y sentadilla con contracción de aducción de cadera (SQ-ADD), controladas al 70% de 1 repetición máxima. La actividad del glúteo medio (GM), el tensor de la fascia lata (TFL), el vasto medial (VM), el vasto lateral (VL), el semitendinoso (ST) y el bíceps femoral (BF) se obtuvo mediante electromiografía de superficie. Se analizaron las relaciones de los músculos de la cadera (GM/TFL), cuádriceps (VM / VL), isquiotibiales (ST/BF) e isquiotibiales/cuádriceps (H/Q). Resultados: GM aumenta en SQ-ABD y SQ-ADD en comparación con SQ (p<.01). Los músculos TFL, VL, SM y BF tienen una actividad significativamente mayor en SQ-ADD en comparación con SQ (p<.05). Los músculos VL, VM y BF aumentan significativamente su actividad en SQ-ADD en comparación con SQ-ABD (p <.05). GM/TFL, VM/VL y ST/BF no muestran diferencias significativas entre los tres métodos de sentadilla isométrica. La relación H/Q fue mayor en SQ-ABD y SQ-ADD en comparación con SQ (p<.01). Conclusión: La sentadilla con contracción de aducción de cadera de manera controlada aumenta la actividad muscular de la cadera y el muslo. La realización de esta maniobra combinada puede tener beneficios en el entrenamiento deportivo y la rehabilitación porque aumenta la relación H / Q de los jugadores de fútbol.

scholarly journals Electromyographic evaluation of the lower limbs of patients with Down syndrome in hippotherapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Fernandes Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Paula Espindula ◽  
Alex Abadio Ferreira ◽  
Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de Souza ◽  
Vicente De Paula Antunes Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae

Hippotherapy is a therapeutic method that uses the horse’s movement to achieve functional results in practitioners with Down syndrome (DS), who present motor and neurophysiological changes that affect the musculoskeletal system. Evaluating the motor behavior related to the control and the improvement of muscle activation in practitioners with Down syndrome subjected to hippotherapy. 10 practitioners were divided into two groups: Down Group (DG) – practitioners with DS, and Healthy Group (HG) – practitioners with no physical impairment. The muscles gluteus medius, tensor fasciae latae, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius were evaluated by electromyography using gross RMS values, which correspond to muscle activation; the evaluations were performed on the 1st and 10th hippotherapy sessions (frequency: once a week), and after 2 months interval without treatment, they were performed on the 1st and 10th hippotherapy sessions (frequency: twice a week). It was noted that activation of the studied muscles increased with the passing of sessions, regardless the weekly frequency of attendance; however, the period without treatment resulted in reduction of this effect. Practitioners with DS presented satisfactory changes in muscle activation pattern, in learning and in motor behavior during hippotherapy sessions. 

scholarly journals The Indirect Role of Gluteus Medius Muscle in Knee Joint Stability during Unilateral Vertical Jump and Landing on Unstable Surface in Young Trained Males

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7421
Author(s):  
Balázs Sebesi ◽  
Ádám Fésüs ◽  
Mátyás Varga ◽  
Tamás Atlasz ◽  
Kitty Vadász ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Unstable Surface ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Hip Abduction

(1) In the present investigation, we tested the hypothesis that unilateral countermovement jump performance is associated with knee joint stabilization ability during unilateral landing on unstable surface. (2) Twenty-five male sport students were tested for dynamometric knee extension and flexion, and hip abduction isometric strength. Myolectric activity of vastus lateralis and medialis, gluteus medius, and biceps femoris muscles were measured during unilateral countermovement vertical jump performed on a force plate, and during unilateral landing on unstable surface. (3) Vertical jump impulse negatively correlated with biceps femoris activation at landing. Participants with greater hip abduction force performed greater vertical jump impulse, and activated the biceps femoris less when landing on unstable surface. Furthermore, participants with smaller knee flexion/extension torque ratio increased biceps femoris/vastus medialis activation ratio at landing. (4) We conclude that hip abduction strength is an important contributor to unilateral vertical jump performance. Because biceps femoris is considered the synergist of the anterior cruciate ligament, we also propose that hip abductors are primary frontal plane protectors of the knee joint by reducing knee valgus and stress, allowing for smaller biceps femoris co-activation (secondary protection) at landing on unstable surface.

scholarly journals Baseline Mechanical and Neuromuscular Profile of Knee Extensor and Flexor Muscles in Professional Soccer Players at the Start of the Pre-Season

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar García-García ◽  
Virginia Serrano-Gómez ◽  
Antonio Hernández-Mendo ◽  
Verónica Morales-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
One Way Anova

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the mechanical and neuromuscular profile of knee extensor and flexor muscles in professional soccer players at the start of the pre-season, and to calculate percentages for symmetry, as well as examine differences according to the player’s positional role. The vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) of 16 professional soccer players were evaluated by means of tensiomyography (TMG) on the first day of the pre-season. A paired-samples t test (p < .05) was used to compare the dominant and non-dominant lower limb. One-way ANOVA was applied, with the positional role as an independent factor. No differences were observed between the dominant and non-dominant leg. The highest degree of symmetry corresponded to the VM (92.5 ± 2.7%), and the lowest to the BF (80.7 ± 10.9%). The positional role was associated with significant differences in some of the variables for the BF, RF and VM, although only the half-relaxation time in the BF and the time to sustain force in the VM differed across all the playing positions considered. TMG was shown to be a useful way of evaluating the neuromuscular characteristics of soccer players at the start of the pre-season, and of establishing baseline values for individual players.

Effect of side-sling plank exercise on trunk and hip muscle activation in subjects with gluteus medius weakness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Seung-Min Baik ◽  
Heon-Seock Cynn ◽  
Chung-Hwi Yi ◽  
Ji-Hyun Lee ◽  
Jung-Hoon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Lumbar Multifidus ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Medial Rotation ◽  
Hip Muscles ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of side-sling plank (SSP) exercises on trunk and hip muscle activation in subjects with gluteus medius (Gmed) weakness is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To quantify muscle activation of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), erector spinae (ES), lumbar multifidus (LM), Gmed, gluteus maximus (Gmax), and tensor fasciae latae (TFL) during SSP with three different hip rotations compared to side-lying hip abduction (SHA) exercise in subjects with Gmed weakness. METHODS: Twenty-two subjects with Gmed weakness were recruited. SHA and three types of SSP exercises were performed: SSP with neutral hip (SSP-N), hip lateral rotation (SSP-L), and hip medial rotation (SSP-M). Surface electromyography was used to measure the activation of the trunk and hip muscles. RESULTS: The trunk and hip muscles activations were generally significantly higher level during three SSP than SHA. SSP-M showed significantly lower EO activation while significantly higher ES and LM activation than SSP-L. Gmed activation was significantly higher during SSP-M than during SSP-L. TFL activation was significantly lower during SSP-M than during SSP-N and SSP-L. CONCLUSIONS: SSP could be prescribed for patients who have reduced Gmed strength after injuries. Especially, SSP-M could be applied for patients who have Gmed weakness with dominant TFL.

Pelvic Limb Kinematics and Surface Electromyography of the Vastus Lateralis, Biceps Femoris, and Gluteus Medius Muscle in Dogs with Hip Osteoarthritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Bockstahler ◽  
Cordula Kräutler ◽  
Peter Holler ◽  
Alexander Kotschwar ◽  
Angela Vobornik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Gluteus Medius Muscle ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Pelvic Limb

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА ПОКАЗНИКІВ АМПЛІТУДИ РУХІВ ТА СИЛИ ОКРЕМИХ М’ЯЗОВИХ ГРУП У ДІТЕЙ ІЗ НАСЛІДКАМИ ДИСПЛАЗІЇ КУЛЬШОВИХ СУГЛОБІВ

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (78) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Анна Руденко ◽  
Юрій Лянной ◽  
Олександр Звіряка
Keyword(s):  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Gluteus Minimus ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae ◽  
Adductor Longus

Мета: визначити особливості функціональних порушень кульшових суглобів, що сформувались внаслідок дисплазії у дітей дошкільного віку. Матеріал і методи: у дослідженні, яке проводилося протягом 2014–2019 рр., взяла участь 131 дитина дошкільного віку (середній вік 5,6±0,5 років). Учасників було поділено на дві групи: основну (ОГ, n=68) – діти з односторонньою ДКС за анамнезом (виявлено за результатами аналізу медичних карт) та групу порівняння (ГП, n=63) – діти без порушень з боку кульшових суглобів. Для оцінки результатів використано метод тензодинамометрії (мануальний м’язовий тестер на базі датчика механічного зусилля “EXPANDER”) та метод гоніометрії. Результати:результати дослідження показників електротензодинамометрії м’язів нижніх кінцівок у дітей ОГ свідчать про достовірне зниження сили м’язів-абдукторів стегна (m. gluteus medius, m. gluteus minimus, m. tensor fasciae latae) ушкодженої кінцівки відносно інтактної у кульшовому суглобі (інтактна – 85,8±6,8 та уражена 54,5±4,9 ( ±S), (p ≤0,05)) та гіпертонус м’язів-аддукторів стегна (m. gracilis, m. adductor longus, m. adductor brevis) з боку ураженої кінцівки відносно інтактної кінцівки (інтактна – 68,2±4,4, уражена – 95,8±4,1, ( ±S), (p ≤0,05). Під час вивчення показників тензодинамометрії у дітей з ДКС виявлено сильний прямий кореляційний взаємозв’язок між станом м’язового апарату і розвитком привідної контрактури кульшового суглоба (коефіцієнт кореляції між показниками сили м’язів-абдукторів стегна та амплітудою відведення – r = 0,7 (сильний зв’язок, p < 0,05). Висновки: тензодинамометричне дослідження м’язів дало можливість виявити зниження тонусу м’язів-абдукторів стегна, biceps femoris, m. semitendinosus, m. semimembranosus, m. quadriceps femoris, m. sartorius. Результатом дисбалансу функціональної активності м’язів є формування торсійно-вальгусної деформації кульшового суглоба, яка вимагає поетапного індивідуального проведення реабілітаційно-корекційних втручань. Ключові слова дисплазія кульшових суглобів, дошкільний вік.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Lower Limb Muscles’ Electromyographic Activity during the Leg Press Exercise and Its Variants: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4626
Author(s):  
Isabel Martín-Fuentes ◽  
José M. Oliva-Lozano ◽  
José M. Muyor
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leg Press

The aim of this study was to analyze the literature on muscle activation measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) of the muscles recruited when performing the leg press exercise and its variants. The Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to report this review. The search was carried out using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases. The articles selected met the following inclusion criteria: (a) a cross-sectional or longitudinal study design; (b) neuromuscular activation assessed during the leg press exercise, or its variants; (c) muscle activation data collected using sEMG; and (d) study samples comprising healthy and trained participants. The main findings indicate that the leg press exercise elicited the greatest sEMG activity from the quadriceps muscle complex, which was shown to be greater as the knee flexion angle increased. In conclusion, (1) the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis elicited the greatest muscle activation during the leg press exercise, followed closely by the rectus femoris; (2) the biceps femoris and the gastrocnemius medialis showed greater muscular activity as the knee reached full extension, whereas the vastus lateralis and medialis, the rectus femoris, and the tibialis anterior showed a decreasing muscular activity pattern as the knee reached full extension; (3) evidence on the influence of kinematics modifications over sEMG during leg press variants is still not compelling as very few studies match their findings.

scholarly journals Curve Sprinting in Soccer: Kinematic and Neuromuscular Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Filter ◽  
Jesús Olivares-Jabalera ◽  
Alfredo Santalla ◽  
Jaime Morente-Sánchez ◽  
Jose Robles-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Weak Effect ◽  
Average Data ◽  
Weak Side

AbstractSprinting in curvilinear trajectories is an important soccer ability, corresponding to ~85% of the actions performed at maximum velocity in a soccer league. We compared the neuromuscular behavior and foot contact-time between outside leg and inside leg during curve sprinting to both sides in soccer players. Nine soccer players (age=23±4.12 years) performed: 3×Sprint linear, 3×Sprint right curve, and 3×Sprint left curve. An ANOVA with repeated measures was used to compare the differences between inside and outside leg, and Cohen’s d was used to calculate the effect-size. Considering the average data, the performance classification (from best to worst) was as follows: 1. Curve “good” side (2.45±0.11 s), 2. Linear (2.47±0.13 s), and 3. Curve “weak” side (2.56±0.17 s). Comparing linear with curve sprinting, inside leg recorded significant differences (“good” and “weak”; effect size=1.20 and 2, respectively); in contrast, for outside leg, there were no significant differences (“good” and “weak”; effect size=0.30 and 0.49, respectively). Electromyography activity showed significant differences (p≤0.05) during curve sprinting between outside (higher in biceps femoris and gluteus medius) and inside leg (higher activity in semitendinosus and adductor). In summary, inside and outside leg play different roles during curved sprints, but inside leg is more affected by the change from straight to curve sprint.

An Anthropometrically Parameterized Assistive Lower-limb Exoskeleton

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt Laubscher ◽  
Ryan Farris ◽  
Antonie van den Bogert ◽  
Jerzy T. Sawicki
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Lower Limb Exoskeleton ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Muscle Activations

Abstract This paper presents a newly developed lower-limb exoskeleton tested for walking assistance. The novel exoskeleton design methodology uses additive manufacturing and a parametrized model based on user anthropometrics to give a person-specific custom fit. The process is applied to average children and a healthy adult, and a prototype device is fabricated for the adult to validate the feasibility of the approach. The developed prototype actuates the hip and knee joints without restricting hip abduction-adduction motion. To test usability of the device and evaluate walking assistance, user torque, mechanical energy generated, and muscle activation are analyzed in an assisted condition where the subject walks on a level treadmill with the exoskeleton powered. This is compared to an unassisted condition with the exoskeleton unpowered and a baseline condition with the subject not wearing the exoskeleton. Comparing assisted to baseline conditions, torque magnitudes increased at the hip and knee, mechanical energy generated increased at the hip but decreased at the knee, and muscle activations decreased in the Biceps Femoris and increased in the Vastus Lateralis. The presented preliminary results are inconclusive on whether the newly developed exoskeleton can assist in walking though show promise for basic usability of the device.

scholarly journals The Gluteus Medius Vs. Thigh Muscles Strength Ratio and Their Relation to Electromyography Amplitude During a Farmer’s Walk Exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Stastny ◽  
Michal Lehnert ◽  
Amr Zaatar ◽  
Zdenek Svoboda ◽  
Zuzana Xaverova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Muscle Involvement ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Flexion Extension

Abstract The strength ratio between hamstrings and quadriceps (H/Q) is associated with knee injuries as well as hip abductor muscle (HAB) weakness. Sixteen resistance trained men (age, 32.5 ± 4.2 years) performed 5 s maximal isometric contractions at 75° of knee flexion/extension and 15° of hip abduction on a dynamometer. After this isometric test they performed a Farmer´s walk exercise to find out if the muscle strength ratio predicted the electromyography amplitude expressed as a percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The carried load represented a moderate intensity of 75% of the exercise six repetitions maximum (6RM). Electromyography data from the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF) and gluteus medius (Gmed) on each leg were collected during the procedure. The groups selected were participants with H/Q ≥ 0.5, HQ < 0.5, HAB/H ≥ 1, HAB/H < 1, HAB/Q ≥ 0.5 and HAB/Q < 0.5. One way ANOVA showed that Gmed activity was significantly greater in the group with HAB/H < 1 (42 ± 14 %MVIC) as compared to HAB/H ≥ 1 (26 ± 10 %MVIC) and HAB/Q < 0.5 (47 ± 19 %MVIC) compared to HAB/Q ≥ 0.5 (26 ± 12 %MVIC). The individuals with HAB/H < 1 were found to have greater activation of their Gmed during the Farmer’s walk exercise. Individuals with HAB/Q < 0.5 had greater activation of the Gmed. Gmed strength ratios predict the muscle involvement when a moderate amount of the external load is used. The Farmer’s walk is recommended as an exercise which can strengthen the gluteus medius, especially for individuals with a HAB/H ratio < 1 and HAB/Q < 0.5.

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