Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in children among age of 6 to 12 years in rural area of Bareilly District: Cross Sectional Study

Background: In India overall prevalence rate of intestinal parasitic infection ranges from 12.5% to 66% with varying prevalence rate for individual parasite. About 50% of the urban population and 68% of the rural population in India is affected. Aim: Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in children among age of 6 to 12 years in rural area of Bareilly District Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using multistage random sampling technique in rural area of Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh, India, from November 2016 – October 2017. Result: Among 248 children, the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infestation in 6-12 years of aged children was found to be 33.90%. Conclusion: This study revealed high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among 6-12 years of age children in Rural Area of Bareilly District.

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Intestinal parasitic infections among HIV infected patients on antiretroviral therapy attending Debretabor General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-81502/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ermias Alemayehu ◽

Alemu Gedefie ◽

Aderaw Adamu ◽

Jemal Mohammed ◽

Brhanu Kassanew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Hospital ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Concentration Technique

Abstract Background: Parasitic infections are known causes of morbidity among HIV infected patients with low CD4+ counts who are on antiretroviral therapy; mainly as a result of immune suppression. Thus, this study aimed to assess the extent of intestinal parasitic infection and its related risk factors among HIV infected patients attending ART clinic of Debretabor General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia.Patients and methods: A health facility based cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 383 HIV infected patients attending ART clinic of Debretabor General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia from December 2018 to March 2019. An interview based structured questionnaire were used to gather socio-demographic and risk factor data. About 5 grams of fresh stool specimen and 4 ml of venous blood sample were collected, then transported and tested in accordance with the laboratory standard operating procedures. The obtained data was entered into SPSS version 22.0; and analyzed. P-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.Result: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 25.3%; with 18% and 23.8% by direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration technique respectively. 8 (2.1%) patients were infected by multiple parasites in concentration technique. Ascaris lumbricoides, 23(25.3%) was the most frequently identified parasite. Parasitic infection was significantly higher among illiterates (P=0.011); patients with a CD4 count of <200 cells/mm3 (P<0.001) and among patients who did not have latrine (P=0.049) than their counter parts.Conclusion: Relatively higher prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was found among HIV/AIDS patients. The distribution of intestinal parasites is greatly affected by illiteracy, reduced CD4+ counts and absence of toilet. Thus, HIV/AIDS patients with low CD4+ counts should be diagnosed consistently for intestinal parasites and routine stool examination and awareness creation should be advocated to be included as an essential component of the ART monitoring strategy for improved patient care.

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Intestinal parasite infections and associated factors among inmates of Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia: cross sectional study

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-019-4703-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gemechu Ameya ◽

Zerihun Zerdo ◽

Mihret Tesfaye ◽

Chimdo Jabesa ◽

Abayneh Awaje ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giardia Lamblia ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the parasitic infections affecting people living in prison. Helminths and intestinal protozoan infections are the most common parasitic infection that may cause serious life-threatening diseases in inmates living in developing countries. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among inmates living in Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather the data of socio-demographic characteristics, hygiene status of the prisoners, sanitation condition of the prison, and associated factors for IPIs by face to face interview. Direct wet-mount examination and formol-ether sedimentation techniques were used to examine intestinal parasitic infection from stool specimens. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between different variables and the IPI. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to determine the presence association and strength of the associated factors. Result A total of 320 prisoners were participated in this study. Of these, 154(48.1%) of them were infected with one or more intestinal parasites. Eight different intestinal parasites species were identified and Giardia lamblia was the predominant parasite. Among infected inmates, nearly one out of four of them had multiple parasitic infections dominated by Giardia lamblia and E. histolytica/dispar co-infection. Sleeping in group [AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: (1.0–3.8)], married prisoners [AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: (1.1–2.9)], and hand washing habits after handling soil [AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: (1.0–5.6)] were independently associated with IPI. Conclusion High prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was detected in Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Absence of hand washing, marital status, and way of sleeping were the factors associated with the IPI. Implementation of mass drug administration, education on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and periodic screening of intestinal parasitic infection is very important to reduce the high prevalence IPIs in prison.

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Intestinal parasitic infection among household contacts of primary cases, a comparative cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0221190 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. e0221190

Author(s):

Berhanu Elfu Feleke ◽

Melkamu Bedimo Beyene ◽

Teferi Elfu Feleke ◽

Tadesse Hailu Jember ◽

Bayeh Abera

Keyword(s):

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Contacts

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Predictors of Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Food Handlers Working in Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2020/9321348 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kemal Ahmed Kuti ◽

Rameto Aman Nur ◽

Geroma Morka Donka ◽

Amene Abebe Kerbo ◽

Adem Esmael Roba

Keyword(s):

Disease Transmission ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Free Food ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Food Handlers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inadequate Knowledge

Background. Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the major health problems globally. It is more common in developing countries including Ethiopia. So, adequate evidence is needed regarding the predictors of intestinal parasitic infection. This study was aimed at determining the predictors of intestinal parasitic infection among food handlers working in Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 May to 10 June 2017 among 198 symptom-free food handlers. Data on sociodemographic variables were collected through face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were collected immediately after the interview using labeled wide-mouthed plastic container and clean wooden applicator. Direct wet-mount method and formal-ether concentration techniques were performed to identify intestinal parasites. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics and crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. p value of <0.05 was considered to declaration level of significance. Result. The response rate was 98% (198/202). The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 25.3% (50/198). The top three intestinal parasites found in this study were Ascaris lumbricoides 7.6% (15/198), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 7.6% (15/198), and hookworm 5.6% (11/198). Inadequate handwashing practice (AOR: 13.876; 95% CI: 4.129, 46.632), inadequate knowledge about foodborne diseases (AOR: 3.596; 95% CI: 1.438, 8.989), lack of training on proper food handling (AOR: 5.960; 95% CI: 1.450, 24.497), and untrimmed fingernail (AOR: 2.939; 95% CI: 1.368, 6.135) were independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infection. Conclusion. High prevalence of intestinal parasites was observed among symptom-free food handlers who could be unobservable source of disease transmission. Inadequate handwashing, untrimmed fingernail, inadequate knowledge, and lack of training were independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infection in this study. This implies the need for timely and adequate training and enforcement of regular medical checkup system for food handlers.

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ISCHEMIC AND HEMORRHAGIC STROKE;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.02.3089 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Aziz Sahto ◽

Amir Shahzad ◽

Ruqayya

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

One Year ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Medical University

Objectives: The aim behind this study was assess the frequency of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and associated risk factors in patients with hypertension. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: One year. Setting: Department of Medicine People’s Medical University, Shaheed Benazeerabad. Material and Methods: This study was a hospital based study in which sampling was done through a purposive sampling technique. A total of 160 patients admitted with stroke were included in our study. After taking informed consent patient’s relevant history and examination were carried out. CT-Scan was done to confirm and different between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Ischemic stroke was observed in 105(66%) patients and 55(34%) were suffered hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was 100% in both types of storks in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.Rate of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking were significantly high in hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke (p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of ischemic stroke than hemorrhagic stroke in our population. Among associated factors gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and smoking were prevalent in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients.

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Factors Among Street Children in Jimma Town; South West Ethiopia in 2019: A Cross Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.15526/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sabit Zenu Siraj ◽

Eshetu Alemayehu ◽

Kifle Woldemichael

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Street Children ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

Jimma Town

Abstract Background Street child is any child whose age is less than 18 years for whom the street has become his or her habitual abode and/or source of livelihood, is inadequately protected, supervised or directed by responsible adults. In Ethiopia the health problems of street children are given poor attention in research. This problem is pronounced when it comes to intestinal parasitic infections. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street children in Jimma town in the year 2019.Methods: Community based cross sectional study was employed. Complete enumeration was used to include 312 street children. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered to Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20. Stool samples were examined by wet mount and formalin ether concentration techniques. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection. Significance of association was decided by using the 95% confidence interval of AOR and P-value of ≤ 0.05 in the multivariable model. Result: A total of 312 children of the street were involved in the study making the response rate 96.2%. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 66.7%. Untrimmed finger nails AOR=2.03;95%CI (1.02-4.06), eating street food AOR=2.24;95% CI (1.04-5.02), practice of swimming in unprotected water bodies AOR=2.5; 95% CI (1.24-5.04), not wearing shoes at the time of data collection AOR= 3.8;95% CI (1.8-8.2) and lacking knowledge of way of transmission of intestinal parasites AOR= 2.5; 95% CI (1.25- 5.0) were significantly associated with parasitic infections. Conclusions: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among street children in the study area was high and require integrated interventions to avert the problem. Factors like untrimmed finger nails, swimming practice, eating street foods, shoe wearing and lacking knowledge of ways of transmission of intestinal parasitic infections are associated with infection status. Measures has to be taken to curb the problem by including them in mass drug administration and targeted health education towards identified factors.

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Academic Stress among High School Students in a Rural Area of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.4978 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (225) ◽

Author(s):

Minani Gurung ◽

Natkamol Chansatitporn ◽

Kanittha Chamroonsawasdi ◽

Punyarat Lapvongwatana

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Sample Size ◽

Rural Area ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Academic Stress ◽

Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: The period of adolescence undergoes many physical and mental changes.Changing emotional and physical status along with increasing social, family, and academicpressure lead to various impairments in the mental health of adolescents. Academic failureleads to the suicide rate in adolescents, predominantly high during the declaration of examresults which is significantly high in a rural area in comparison with urban. The study examinedthe prevalence of academic stress among high school students in a rural area of Rolpa, Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 schools in Rolpa from July to October 2019. The sample size calculated was 521. A convenient sampling technique was used for this study.The target population was adolescents enrolled in high schools of Rolpa. Ethical approval was takenbefore data collection. The scale for assessing academic stress was used to find out the prevalence.A questionnaire was translated in local language and pre-testing was done in Nepal Police School,Sanga among 10% of the calculated sample size. Data entry was done in Statistical Package for theSocial Sciences version 18. Descriptive statistical analysis was done for prevalence calculation. Results: Out of a total of 521 students, the prevalence of academic stress was seen among 138 (26.5%)students at a 95% confidence interval (22.72-30.28). Conclusions: The prevalence of academic stress in our study was high and was consistent with otherSouth Asian studies. Understanding academic stress and providing help and support to the studentswould help ease the burden for them.

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Factors Among Street Children in Jimma Town in 2019: A Cross Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.15526/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sabit Zenu Siraj ◽

Eshetu Alemayehu ◽

Kifle Woldemichael

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Street Children ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

Jimma Town

Abstract Background Street child is any child whose age is less than 18 years for whom the street has become his or her habitual abode and/or source of livelihood, is inadequately protected, supervised or directed by responsible adults. In Ethiopia the health problems of street children are given poor attention in research. This problem is pronounced when it comes to intestinal parasitic infections . The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street children in Jimma town in the year 2019. Methods and Materials: Community based cross sectional study was employed. Complete enumeration was used to include 312 street children. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered to Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20. Stool samples were examined by wet mount and formalin ether concentration techniques. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection. Significance of association was decided by using the 95% confidence interval of AOR and P-value of ≤ 0.05 in the multivariable model. Result: A total of 312 children of the street were involved in the study making the response rate 96.2%. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 66.7%. Untrimmed finger nails AOR=2.03;95%CI (1.02-4.06), eating street food AOR=2.24;95% CI (1.04-5.02), practice of swimming in unprotected water bodies AOR=2.5; 95% CI (1.24-5.04), not wearing shoes at the time of data collection AOR= 3.8;95% CI (1.8-8.2) and lacking knowledge of way of transmission of intestinal parasites AOR= 2.5; 95% CI (1.25- 5.0) were significantly associated with parasitic infections. Conclusion and Recommendations: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among street children in the study area was high and require integrated interventions to avert the problem. Factors like untrimmed finger nails, swimming practice, eating street foods, shoe wearing and lacking knowledge of ways of transmission of intestinal parasitic infections are associated with infection status. Measures has to be taken to curb the problem by including them in mass drug administration and targeted health education towards identified factors. Key words : Street children, Intestinal parasites, Jimma

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Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.9532/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Amelo Bolka ◽

Samson Gebremedhin

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Intestinal Parasite ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intestinal Parasitosis

Abstract Background Previous studies reported contradicting findings about the association between intestinal parasitosis and maternal anemia. In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June and July 2018. Pregnant women (n=352) were randomly drawn from five health centers using antenatal care follow-up lists. Trained data collectors administered the questionnaire. Capillary blood was collected and analyzed for hemoglobin using the HemoCue method. Stool sample was collected following standard procedure and analyzed for the presence and types of intestinal parasites using direct microscopy with Formalin-ether concentration technique. Association between intestinal parasitosis and anemia was measured using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 38.7% (95% CI: 33.6-43.8%). One-tenth (9.7%) of the pregnant women were infected with polyparasites. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant infection encountered in 24.9% of the women. The other infections identified were: hookworms (11.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.4%), Entamoeba histolytica (3.4%), Trichuris trichiura (2.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (2.3%). The mean (± standard deviation) hemoglobin concentration was 12.3 (±1.9) g/dl and 31.5% (95% CI: 26.6-36.4%) women were anemic (hemoglobin < 11 g/dl). The prevalence of anemia among women infected with intestinal parasite (55.6%) was substantially higher than the prevalence in their counterparts (16.4%) (p<0.001). In a multivariable model adjusted for multiple potential confounders including socio-economic status indicators, the odds of anemia were six times increased (AOR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.04-18.45) among those affected by at least one intestinal parasite. Conclusion Strengthening the existing water, sanitation and hygiene programs and routine deworming of pregnant mothers may help to reduce the burden of both intestinal parasitic infection and anemia in pregnant women.

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