scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Carbon Stock Changes from Different Logging Techniques in Ulu Jelai Forest Reserve, Kuala Lipis, Pahang

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
S. Noraishah ◽  
M. Azian ◽  
M. Samsudin ◽  
P. Ismail ◽  
K. Abd Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Logging Damage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Harvesting Techniques

Conventional logging practices are often highly destructive to forest ecosystems. Heavy machinery can compact the soil and destroy vegetation. Previous research by others have demonstrated that environmental damage can be minimized through the use of site- sensitive harvesting techniques. Forest harvesting in the inland forest in Malaysia is generally carried out by a combination of crawler tractor and winch lorry, which we defined as the current logging technique. Under the current logging technique, crawler tractors are used to skid logs from felling sites to skid trails and winch lorries continue the transportation to the roadside landings. In the early nineties, a Low Impact Logging (LIL) practice using an improved logging system was carried out in some forest areas in Peninsular Malaysia. The technology, called logfisher was mainly deployed to retrieve logs from rocky and deep, narrow ravine which was deemed uneconomical, difficult and dangerous for the crawler tractor to operate. In certain logging areas in Pahang, a combination of crawler tractor and logfisher is being used which we defined in this study as LIL. The study focuses on quantifying the carbon stock changes from the different logging techniques in Lipis, Pahang. Based on preliminary results, the LIL technique showed less carbon loss if the carbon stocks before and after logging were compared. This study indicates that different logging techniques results in different impact on the total residual forest carbon stocks. The introduction of LIL systems and practices have indeed reduced the logging damage and improved stand conditions. Improvement to the current practice, enhance the productivity of the residual stand and reduce forest degradation in terms of carbon stocks as well as other ecological co-benefits.

Carbon Sequestration Potential of Kpashimi Forest Reserve, Niger State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Jibrin ◽  
Sule Mohammed Zubairu ◽  
Aishatu Abdulkadir ◽  
Sakoma J Kaura ◽  
Amos Bitrus Baminda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Vegetation Communities ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Carbon Biomass ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Carbon Stock Density

This study provides a preliminary assessment of the biophysical potential for carbon sequestration. Quantification of carbon stock and estimation of carbon sequestration potential was carried out in the Kpashimi Forest Reserve, Niger state, Nigeria. Carbon stock was measured in the six vegetation communities existing in the study area. Forty-eight randomly selected 20 x 20 metre quadrats were established wherein data was collected from the main forest carbon pools; including above ground tree, below ground root, undergrowth (shrub grasses), dead wood, litter and soil organic carbon. Biomass of the respective pools was quantified by destructive sampling and use of allometric equations. Thereafter, biomass values were converted to carbon stock equivalent. Four satellite imageries TM, SPOT, ETM+, and NIGERIASAT-1 of 1987, 1994, 2001 and 2007 respectively were used to estimate vegetation cover and carbon stock change over 20 years. The results showed that average carbon stock density (Mg C/ha) of the vegetation communities was in the decreasing order; Riparian forest (123.58 ± 9.1), Savanna woodland (97.71 ± 8.2), Degraded forest (62.92 ± 6.1), Scrubland (36.28 ± 4.1), Grassland (18.22 ± 5.1), and bare surface (9.31 ± 3.1). Deforestation and forest degradation between 1987 and 2007 have resulted in emission of 240.2 Mg (ton) C ha-1 at an annual rate of 12.01 Mg C ha-1. This suggests that the study site has carbon sequestration potential of 240.2 Mg C ha-1 based on its capacity to increase carbon stock through restoration; back to speculated 1987 levels and even higher. Thus, the study recommends the need to analyse carbon offset project feasibility in the study area.

Estimation of root biomass based on excavation of individual root systems in a primary dipterocarp forest in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Niiyama ◽  
Takuya Kajimoto ◽  
Yojiro Matsuura ◽  
Tamon Yamashita ◽  
Naoko Matsuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Coarse Roots ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Individual Root

Abstract:Precise estimation of root biomass is important for understanding carbon stocks and dynamics in tropical rain forests. However, limited information is available on individual root masses, especially large trees. We excavated 121 root systems of various species (78) and sizes (up to 116 cm in dbh), and estimated both above- and below-ground biomass in a lowland primary dipterocarp forest in the Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. A tree census was conducted in four research plots (each 0.2 ha) and stand-level biomass was estimated. We examined relationships between tree size parameters and masses of coarse roots (roots ≥5 mm in diameter) and derived a dbh-based allometric equation. The amounts of coarse roots that were lost during excavation were corrected. Coarse-root biomass before and after correction for lost roots was estimated to be 63.8 and 82.7 Mg ha−1, indicating that significant amounts of roots (23%) were lost during the sampling. We also estimated the biomass of small root (<5 mm) by applying pipe-model theory. The estimate, 13.3 Mg ha−1, was similar to another estimate of small roots, 16.4 Mg ha−1, which was obtained directly by the soil-pit sampling method. Total below-ground (BGB) and above-ground biomass (AGB) was estimated to be 95.9 and 536 Mg ha−1, respectively. The biomass-partitioning ratio (BGB/AGB) was about 0.18. In conclusion, the dbh-based allometric equation for coarse roots developed in this study, which kept good linearity even including the data of larger trees, might be useful for evaluating below-ground carbon stocks in other stands of similar forest (old-growth dipterocarp) in South-East Asia.

Floristic Diversity and Carbon Stock in the Dry Forests of Chad

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Ngaba Waye Taroum Caleb ◽  
Djekota Christophe Ngarmari ◽  
Kabelong Banoho Louis-Paul Roger ◽  
Zapfack Louis ◽  
Mbayngone Elisée
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
National Park ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Dry Forests ◽  
Average Population Density

The woody flora of the National Park of Manda in the Sudanian area of Chad has been characterized between October and December 2016 to know its floristic diversity, and to quantify its aerial woody biomass. The transect and quadra method (1m x 1m) were simultaneously adopted for this study. The pan-tropical equation of Chave et al. made it possible to evaluate the carbon stocks in different sites. The study of the flora species identified 45 species divided into 37 genus and 21 families for an average population density of 355 individuals/ha. Three classes of the diameter dominate the settlement: class ≤ 10 cm; class of 10-20 cm and class of 20-30 cm. The height classes belong to the class of plants ≤ 4 m; and at last having a height ≤ 7 m. The basal area was 5.86 m2 / ha. It appears that the woody components store 23.82 ± 0.01 tC / ha, the undergrowth 0.14 ± 0.01 tC / ha and the litter 0.56 ± 0.01 tC / ha. This research is a contribution to the REDD+ process (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation).

scholarly journals Notes on the Hoya (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from Pergau Forest Reserve, Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
Rahmad Zakaria ◽  
Azim Rabbani ◽  
Syed Mohd Edhzam Syed Hamzah ◽  
Zulhazman Hamzah ◽  
Muhammad Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Forest Reserve

scholarly journals Carbon Stock of Seagrass Community in Barranglompo Island, Makassar (Stok Karbon pada Komunitas Lamun di Pulau Barranglompo, Makassar)

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriadi Supriadi ◽  
Richardus F Kaswadji ◽  
Dietrich G Bengen ◽  
Malikusworo Hutomo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Seagrass Community ◽  
Seagrass Biomass ◽  
Depth Relationship ◽  
Seagrass Density

Konsep blue carbon yang diperkenalkan oleh UNEP, FAO dan UNESCO pada tahun 2009 memasukkan padang lamun sebagai salah satu ekosistem yang mempunyai peran dalam penyerapan karbon global. Karbon yang diserap disimpan dan dialirkan dalam beberapa kompartemen, antara lain di sedimen, herbivora, kolom air, ekosistem lain dan dalam bentuk biomassa. Penelitian dilakukan di Pulau Barranglompo, Makassar, untuk melihat potensi stok karbon yang tersimpan dalam biomassa lamun. Kepadatan lamun diukur dengan melakukan sampling menggunakan metode transek kuadrat dengan ukuran 50cm x 50cm. Sedangkan untuk biomassa dilakukan dengan transek 20cm x 20cm. Hubungan antara kepadatan, biomassa dan kandungan karbon dari lamun digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah stok karbon. Kepadatan lamun disurvei pada 236 titik, sedangkan untuk pengambilan sampel biomassa dilakukan pada 30 titik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunitas lamun mempunyai total stok karbon sebesar 73,86 ton dari total luas padang lamun 64,3 ha. Karbon di bawah substrat sebesar 56,55 ton (76,3%), lebih tinggi dibanding karbon di atas substrat yang hanya 17,57 ton (23,7%). Jenis lamun Enhalus acoroides menyumbang lebih dari 70% terhadap total stok karbon. Berdasarkan kelas karbon, kontribusi terbesar ditemukan pada kelas 100-200 gC.m-2 sebesar 29,41 ton (39,7%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem lamun berperan sangat penting dalam menjaga stok karbon di laut sehingga perlu mendapatkan perhatian untuk konservasinya. Kata kunci: konsep blue karbon, lamun, Barranglompo   Blue carbon concept as introduced by UNEP, FAO and UNESCO in 2009 included seagrass beds as one ecosystem having a significant role in global carbon absorption. Absorbed carbon was stored and distributed in various compartments such as in sediments, herbivores, water column, other ecosystems and in form of biomass. The research was conducted in Barranglompo Island, Makassar City to analyze the potency of carbon stock that stored within seagrass biomass. Seagrass density was sampled using quadrat transect method with size of 50cm x 50cm. While for biomass was done by harvesting seagrass at transect of 20cm x 20cm in root penetration depth. Relationship between density, biomass and carbon content of seagrass were used to determine total carbon stock. Seagrass density was surveyed at 236 points, while for biomass sampling was conducted in 30 points. The results showed that seagrass community had total carbon stocks as much as 73.86 tonnes from overall 64.3 ha of seagrass bed areas.  Below ground carbon had 56.55 tonnes (76.3%), higher compared to that aboveground which only 17.57 tonnes (23.7%). Seagrass species Enhalus acoroides contributed more than 70% to the total carbon stocks, whereas, based on the carbon classes, the highest contribution was found at class 100-200 gC.m-2 i.e. 29.41 tonnes (39.7%). These results suggest that seagrass ecosystem plays an important role in maintaining the carbon stock in the ocean and should receive good attention for its conservation. Keywords: blue carbon concept, seagrass, Barranglompo

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Fluxes and Carbon Stocks under Conservation Agricultural Practices in South Africa

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Nyambo ◽  
Chiduza Cornelius ◽  
Tesfay Araya
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Fluxes

Understanding the impacts of agricultural practices on carbon stocks and CO2 emission is imperative in order to recommend low emission strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tillage, crop rotation, and residue management on soil CO2 fluxes, carbon stock, soil temperature, and moisture in the semi-arid conditions in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. The field trial was laid out as a split-split-plot design replicated three times. The main plots were tillage viz conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT). The sub-plots were allocated to crop rotations viz maize–fallow–maize (MFM), maize–oat–maize (MOM), and maize–vetch–maize (MVM). Crop residue management was in the sub-sub plots, viz retention (R+), removal (R−), and biochar (B). There were no significant interactions (p > 0.05) with respect to the cumulative CO2 fluxes, soil moisture, and soil temperature. Crop residue retention significantly increased the soil moisture content relative to residue removal, but was not different to biochar application. Soil tilling increased the CO2 fluxes by approximately 26.3% relative to the NT. The carbon dioxide fluxes were significantly lower in R− (2.04 µmoL m−2 s−1) relative to the R+ (2.32 µmoL m−2 s−1) and B treatments (2.36 µmoL m−2 s−1). The carbon dioxide fluxes were higher in the summer (October–February) months compared to the winter period (May–July), irrespective of treatment factors. No tillage had a significantly higher carbon stock at the 0-5 cm depth relative to CT. Amending the soils with biochar resulted in significantly lower total carbon stock relative to both R+ and R−. The results of the study show that NT can potentially reduce CO2 fluxes. In the short term, amending soils with biochar did not reduce the CO2 fluxes compared to R+, however the soil moisture increases were comparable.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF ABOVEGROUND CARBON STOCK USING SAR SENTINEL-1 IMAGERY IN SAMARINDA CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Bayu Elwanto Bagus Dewanto ◽  
Retnadi Heru Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Empirical Modelling ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Accuracy Test ◽  
Estimated Error ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

Estimation of aboveground carbon stock on stands vegetation, especially in green open space, has become an urgent issue in the effort to calculate, monitor, manage, and evaluate carbon stocks, especially in a massive urban area such as Samarinda City, Kalimantan Timur Province, Indonesia. The use of Sentinel-1 imagery was maximised to accommodate the weaknesses in its optical imagery, and combined with its ability to produce cloud-free imagery and minimal atmospheric influence. The study aims to test the accuracy of the estimated model of above-ground carbon stocks, to ascertain the total carbon stock, and to map the spatial distribution of carbon stocks on stands vegetation in Samarinda City. The methods used included empirical modelling of carbon stocks and statistical analysis comparing backscatter values and actual carbon stocks in the field using VV and VH polarisation. Model accuracy tests were performed using the standard error of estimate in independent accuracy test samples. The results show that Samarinda Utara subdistrict had the highest carbon stock of 3,765,255.9 tons in the VH exponential model. Total carbon stocks in the exponential VH models were 6,489,478.1 tons, with the highest maximum accuracy of 87.6 %, and an estimated error of 0.57 tons/pixel.

scholarly journals Biomass and Carbon Stock Estimation of Udawattakele Forest Reserve in Kandy District of Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.S.K. Abeysekara ◽  
S.K. Yatigammana ◽  
K.T. Premakantha
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Carbon dioxide has gained lot of attention in recent past as a greenhouse gas, and therefore it has a potential to affect the climate pattern of the world. Several anthropogenic activities are known to be responsible for the increased level of carbon in the atmosphere and disruption of the global carbon cycle. However, nature has its own mechanism of sequestering and storing the carbon in its “reservoirs”. Forest has the ability to sequester carbon in their biomass and reduce the rate of increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The carbon sequestered in the forest trees are mostly referred to as the biomass of a tree or a forest. It has been identified five carbon pools of the terrestrial ecosystem, involving biomass. The study was designed to estimate biomass stock and then the carbon stock of the Udawattakele Forest Reserve (7°17'58 "N, 80°38'20’’E) in Kandy, Sri Lanka. Allometric equations were used to calculate biomass of trees. The total biomass stock was estimated to be 9475.56 t ha-1 (Mega gram-Mg) and the total carbon stock was estimated to be 4,453.55 t ha-1 (Mg) in the Udawattakele Forest Reserve (UFR). This amount is equivalent to 16,344.52 Mg of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. UFR holds a moderate amount of biomass/carbon stock and the total carbon density of natural forest and plantations was found to be 36.55 Mg ha-1 and 44.89 Mg ha-1 respectively.

scholarly journals Modeling relevant factors and covariates of carbon stock changes in peatlands using a hierarchical linear mixed modeling approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kilian Walz ◽  
Kenneth A Byrne ◽  
David Wilson ◽  
Florence Renou-Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Distribution ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;While peatlands constitute the largest soil carbon stock in Ireland with 75% of soil carbon stored in an area covering an estimated 20% of the land surface, carbon stocks of peatlands are affected by past and present disturbances related to various land uses. Afforestation, grazing and peat extraction for energy and horticultural use often are major drivers of peatland soil degradation. A comparative assessment of the impact of land disturbance on peatland soil carbon stocks on a national scale has been lacking so far. Current research, funded by the Irish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), addresses this issue with the goal to fill various gaps related to mapping and modeling changes of soil carbon stock in Irish peatlands. Data from the first nationwide peatland survey forms the basis for this study, in which the influence of different factors and covariates on soil carbon distribution in peatlands is examined. After data exploratory analysis, a mixed linear modeling approach is tested for its suitability to explain peatland soil carbon distribution within the Republic of Ireland. Parameters are identified which are responsible for changes across the country. In addition, model performance to map peat soil carbon stock within a three-dimensional space is evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;

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