Regulation of quackery amid unprecedented HIV outbreak in Sindh, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ayaz Mustafa ◽  
Rehan Khan ◽  
Saqib Hussain ◽  
Minhaj Ahmad Qidwai
Keyword(s):  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
And Control ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Objective: To assess the problem of unlicensed practitioners and quacks in Sindh, Pakistan.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 29 districts of Sindh province in Pakistan from December 2019 to January 2020.  Initial data available with Sindh Health Department about locations where quacks were practicing was used to identify unlicensed practitioners. A structured questionnaire was developed which contained information about certification of practitioners and an observational checklist was developed to assess infection prevention and control practices (IPC) and injection safety. Results: A total of 4315 private practitioners were inspected out of which 3022 (70%) were unlicensed health practitioners belonging to different categories. Within the six surveyed divisions of Sindh, the highest proportion of unlicensed practitioners were documented in Shaheed Benazirabad division (n=739; 24.5%) followed by Hyderabad (n=599; 19.8%). In Mirpur Khas, there were 510 (16.9%), in Karachi 310 (10.3%), in Sukkur 484 (16%) and in Larkana there were 380 (12.6%) unlicensed practitioners.  Poor IPC was observed in 89.4% (3861/4315) of all health providers.  Reuse of syringes and intravenous drip sets was observed among 78.7% (1916/2432) of the untrained providers across the province.  It was also found that 155 MBBS doctors had given their names on rent to be used as a signboard outside the clinics of some of the unlicensed practitioners. Continuous...

scholarly journals Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi pada Tindakan Perawatan Scaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Applonia Leo Obi
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Check List ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

Abstract: Infection Prevention and Control in Scaling Treatment Measures.Dental health workers are a group that is susceptible to infection because in the course of treatment often in contact with saliva and blood. Saliva and blood are intermediaries for transmitting infections so the action in high risk dental practice in daily clinical practice. The rules are obeyed, in order to avoid operators or patients against cross infections that can occur in clinical practice. This study aims to determine the prevention and control of infection in scaling at the Dental Health Department education clinic. This research method is descriptive observational cross-sectional study design. The number of samples was 32 dental nurse students from the Dental Health Department. The tools and materials used in the study are the assessment list / check list sheet and stationery. The results of this study indicate infection prevention and control: the operator is in the moderate category (53.1%,) all operators (100%) use a sterile device, one glass mouth rinse for each patient (87.5%) and only 12 suction, 5% and 75% instruct patients to gargle antiseptic before treatment, manage dental equipment (100%) clean equipment using soap and running water and bring clean equipment to the sterilization room, and 100% use aprons, masks and thick gloves only (78, 1%) around 81.2% do not use protective glasses. Measures during the examination and treatment (100%) wearing masks (90.6%) did not wash hands and 78.1% did not wear protective goggles when performing scaling treatments. The conclusions in this study indicate that infection prevention and control measures in the treatment of scaling at the Kupang Dental Health Department education clinic have been implemented but not yet optimal. Students wear handscoen without washing hands first and do not wear glasses when scaling. Abstrak: Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi pada Tindakan Perawatan Scaling. Tenaga kesehatan gigi merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap penularan infeksi karena dalam tindakan perawatan sering berkontak dengan saliva dan darah. Saliva dan darah merupakan perantara penularan infeksi sehingga tindakan dalam praktek perawatan gigi resiko tinggi dalam praktek klinik sehari-hari. Aturan dipatuhi, untuk menghindari operator maupun pasien terhadap infeksi silang yang dapat terjadi di praktek klinik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi pada tindakan scaling di klinik pendidikan Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi.Metode penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional study. Jumlah sampel adalah 32 mahasiswa perawat gigi Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah lembar daftar penilaian/check list dan alat tulis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi: terhadap operator termasuk kategori cukup sebesar (53,1%,) seluruh operator  (100%)  menggunakan alat steril, satu gelas kumur untuk setiap pasien (87,5%) dan menggunakan suction hanya 12,5%  dan 75% instruksikan pasien berkumur antiseptik sebelum dirawat, Pengelolaan alat kedokteran gigi (100%) pembersihan peralatan gunakan sabun dan air mengalir serta membawa peralatan bersih ke ruangan sterilisasi, serta 100 % menggunakan celemek, masker dan sarung tangan tebal hanya (78,1%) sekitar 81,2% tidak menggunakan kaca mata pelindung. Tindakan selama pemeriksaan dan perawatan (100%) gunakan masker  (90,6% ) tidak mencuci tangan dan 78,1% tidak mengenakan kaca mata pelindung saat melakukan tindakan perawatan scaling. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkantindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi pada perawatan scaling di klinik pendidikan Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi Kupang telah dilaksanakan namun belum optimal. Mahasiswa memakai handscoen tanpa mencuci tangan terlebih dahulu dan tidak mengenakan kaca mata saat tindakan scaling.

scholarly journals Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi pada Tindakan Perawatan Scaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Applonia Leo Obi
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Check List ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

Abstract: Infection Prevention and Control in Scaling Treatment Measures.Dental health workers are a group that is susceptible to infection because in the course of treatment often in contact with saliva and blood. Saliva and blood are intermediaries for transmitting infections so the action in high risk dental practice in daily clinical practice. The rules are obeyed, in order to avoid operators or patients against cross infections that can occur in clinical practice. This study aims to determine the prevention and control of infection in scaling at the Dental Health Department education clinic. This research method is descriptive observational cross-sectional study design. The number of samples was 32 dental nurse students from the Dental Health Department. The tools and materials used in the study are the assessment list / check list sheet and stationery. The results of this study indicate infection prevention and control: the operator is in the moderate category (53.1%,) all operators (100%) use a sterile device, one glass mouth rinse for each patient (87.5%) and only 12 suction, 5% and 75% instruct patients to gargle antiseptic before treatment, manage dental equipment (100%) clean equipment using soap and running water and bring clean equipment to the sterilization room, and 100% use aprons, masks and thick gloves only (78, 1%) around 81.2% do not use protective glasses. Measures during the examination and treatment (100%) wearing masks (90.6%) did not wash hands and 78.1% did not wear protective goggles when performing scaling treatments. The conclusions in this study indicate that infection prevention and control measures in the treatment of scaling at the Kupang Dental Health Department education clinic have been implemented but not yet optimal. Students wear handscoen without washing hands first and do not wear glasses when scaling. Abstrak: Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi pada Tindakan Perawatan Scaling. Tenaga kesehatan gigi merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap penularan infeksi karena dalam tindakan perawatan sering berkontak dengan saliva dan darah. Saliva dan darah merupakan perantara penularan infeksi sehingga tindakan dalam praktek perawatan gigi resiko tinggi dalam praktek klinik sehari-hari. Aturan dipatuhi, untuk menghindari operator maupun pasien terhadap infeksi silang yang dapat terjadi di praktek klinik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi pada tindakan scaling di klinik pendidikan Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi.Metode penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional study. Jumlah sampel adalah 32 mahasiswa perawat gigi Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah lembar daftar penilaian/check list dan alat tulis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi: terhadap operator termasuk kategori cukup sebesar (53,1%,) seluruh operator  (100%)  menggunakan alat steril, satu gelas kumur untuk setiap pasien (87,5%) dan menggunakan suction hanya 12,5%  dan 75% instruksikan pasien berkumur antiseptik sebelum dirawat, Pengelolaan alat kedokteran gigi (100%) pembersihan peralatan gunakan sabun dan air mengalir serta membawa peralatan bersih ke ruangan sterilisasi, serta 100 % menggunakan celemek, masker dan sarung tangan tebal hanya (78,1%) sekitar 81,2% tidak menggunakan kaca mata pelindung. Tindakan selama pemeriksaan dan perawatan (100%) gunakan masker  (90,6% ) tidak mencuci tangan dan 78,1% tidak mengenakan kaca mata pelindung saat melakukan tindakan perawatan scaling. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkantindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi pada perawatan scaling di klinik pendidikan Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi Kupang telah dilaksanakan namun belum optimal. Mahasiswa memakai handscoen tanpa mencuci tangan terlebih dahulu dan tidak mengenakan kaca mata saat tindakan scaling.

scholarly journals Infection control practices and challenges in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 175717742110127
Author(s):  
Salma Abbas ◽  
Faisal Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
And Control

Background: Patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities during outbreaks hinges on a prompt infection prevention and control response. Physicians leading these programmes have encountered numerous obstacles during the pandemic. Aim/objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate infection prevention and control practices and explore the challenges in Pakistan during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and administered a survey to physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes at 18 hospitals in Pakistan. Results: All participants implemented universal masking, limited the intake of patients and designated separate triage areas, wards and intensive care units for coronavirus disease 2019 patients at their hospitals. Eleven (61%) physicians reported personal protective equipment shortages. Staff at three (17%) hospitals worked without the appropriate personal protective equipment due to limited supplies. All participants felt overworked and 17 (94%) reported stress. Physicians identified the lack of negative pressure rooms, fear and anxiety among hospital staff, rapidly evolving guidelines, personal protective equipment shortages and opposition from hospital staff regarding the choice of recommended personal protective equipment as major challenges during the pandemic. Discussion: The results of this study highlight the challenges faced by physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes in Pakistan. It is essential to support infection prevention and control personnel and bridge the identified gaps to ensure patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities.

scholarly journals Assessment of Preparedness of Government of Nepal in COVID Designated Hospitals and Clinics for Pandemic Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Pradip Gyanwali ◽  
Navindra Raj Bista ◽  
Mira Khadka ◽  
Anju Vaidya ◽  
Namra Kumar Mahato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Response Status ◽  
The Status ◽  
Service Training ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

Background: Preparedness, readiness, and response status of any country is integral in identifying, managing, and preventing COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to assess the status of the Government of Nepal designated COVID hospitals and COVID clinics to respond against COVID-19. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted with the focal persons of COVID hospitals and COVID clinics using a semi-structured questionnaire from April 26, 2020 to May 27, 2020 via face to face interview with onsite observation and telephonic interview in few unreachable health facilities. Results: Government of Nepal designated COVID hospitals and COVID clinics demonstrated efforts in establishing preparedness plans and committees such as COVID management core team (96.7% and 86%), provision of coordination with the government authority (both 100% ), preparedness response plan (93.3% and 84%), and infection prevention and control committee (63.3% and 65.6%) to respond to COVID-19 respectively. The participants reported differences in training provided to their health care workers with maximum COVID hospitals (80%) providing training on use of personal protective equipment and least (43.3%) on handling dead bodies. Only half of the COVID clinics (49.5%) had provision of triage systems.Conclusions: COVID hospitals and COVID clinics in Nepal demonstrated different status of COVID pandemic preparedness and readiness. In case of surge, Nepalese hospitals would struggle due to lack of trained workforce and infrastructure.  Interdisciplinary, multi-sectoral collaboration with various focused strategies, including in-service training to staff, is paramount to increase preparedness and readiness. Keywords: COVID-19; Nepal; preparedness; readiness

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nurseries' Workers toward Infection Prevention among the Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-174
Author(s):  
Sahar Abdul Hassan Al-Shatari ◽  
Tayser Salah Ghafouri
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Child Care Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

  Background: Infections are common in the children attending daycare centers how act as predisposes to it. Hygienic interventions have a fundamental role in infection control and disease prevention in child care settings. Objective: - To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurseries workers in infection prevention and control among the children. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study using the researcher-developed questionnaire validated by two experts and piloted and 100 nurseries-workers had participated in it. Result: the mean age of participants was 37.5 years±12.1, (37%) aged 18-30 yrs, 58% married, and 57% with higher education, 54% of nurseries the participant take care of 11-20 children. 67 (67%) had correct knowledge about infection control, (91%) had the corrected practice, but unfortunately, 47 (47%) had low-attitude. Education level has significantly associated with the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the child care workers. Conclusion: the majority of the nurseries workers had good knowledge and correct practice and less about their attitude in infection prevention.

scholarly journals Determinants of awareness regarding immunization among parents of children residing in an urban slum of a metro city

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 4037
Author(s):  
Sandeep S. Hedaoo ◽  
Swati R. Deshpande ◽  
Vijay L. Badge
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
One Year ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Many families lack accurate information and knowledge about need for immunization, the need for subsequent dose(s), and the importance of completing the entire immunization schedule. Considering this fact present study was undertaken to identify the factors influencing knowledge of parents regarding immunization.Methods: It’s a cross sectional study conducted for a period of one year in an urban slum area of Malad, Mumbai. Children aged 12-24 months in the study area were included and their parents interviewed using semi structured questionnaire which was validated with the help of a pilot study.Results: Ninety seven percent respondents had heard about immunization. Only 2.8% of them were not aware about immunization. Total 30.5% of respondents could correctly identify the purpose of immunization i.e. protection of child from disease. Almost 65.2% of them did not know vaccines given under national immunization program. Fever (72.3%) was commonest side effect reported by respondents followed by swelling (38.3%). Reasons for lack of knowledge were ignorance about immunization (31.0%), followed by enough information was not received from health providers (24.1%).Conclusions: Knowledge regarding immunisation is very poor among the residents of urban slums of Mumbai. IEC material regarding immunization should be displayed in waiting areas of immunization clinic and several strategic places in the community. There is a need for additional training or capacity building of health workers to improve their attitudes towards clients, and to strengthen their ability to counsel regarding immunization.

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