Generational gaps in medical education: an exploratory qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Manabu Murakami ◽  
Kotaro Matoba ◽  
Hideki Hyodoh ◽  
Makoto Takahashi ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Generation Gap ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
New Era ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
One Year

This qualitative study aimed to explore medical students’ experience of generation gap in their interactions with senior teachers (aged ?55) in Japan. Focus group interviews were conducted with 28 medical students (20 to 30 years, mean age 22 years, standard deviation 2), classified as millennials, with only one year of studies since starting specialised courses for medicine. The participants were interviewed in groups of four, with each interview lasting 60 minutes. Topics covered included generation gap experienced in daily life and during their studies, and work-life balance issues. The discussions were recorded and transcribed, and content analysis was applied. Four specific influential generation-gap categories were identified — distinctive sociocultural backgrounds, more recent educational media tools and faster information dissemination speed, new-era values, and challenges in communication — that were consistent with findings from previous studies. Continuous...

scholarly journals Truth-telling and the Asymmetry of the Attitude to Truth-telling to Dying Patients in Latvia

2013 ◽  
pp. 55-78
Author(s):  
Ivars Neiders ◽  
Vija Sile ◽  
Vents Silis
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
Gradual Evolution ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Dying Patient

This article deals with concerns related to truth-telling in interaction between the doctor and the dying patient, exploring such issues as conflicting duties of veracity and non-maleficence, truthfulness and deception, and reasons behind physicians' decisions either to withhold or to disclose information about patients' diagnoses and prognoses. It focuses on various attitudes to truth-telling to dying patients, such as symmetry and asymmetry, both of which can be positive and negative. The empirical part of the article reports on the methods and results of the qualitative study carried out in Latvia during the summer of 2012. This study was based on the assessment of three case scenarios from the quantitative instrument designed by Dalla-Vorgia et al. in 1992. By means of semi-structured and focus-group interviews, evidence was gathered about physicians' and medical students' attitudes towards truth-telling, which allows the drawing of conclusions about the presence of asymmetry and symmetry in both cases. Additionally, an insight about the standards used for making decisions in case scenarios was gained and the origins of these standards were explored, revealing the aftermath of a gradual evolution from the ethics of the Soviet era to modern standards of medical ethics. 

scholarly journals College for All: Chicana/o and Latina/o Empowerment Agents Working to Increase Latina/o Students’ College-Going Opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Deficit Thinking ◽  
Equity Issue ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
College Going ◽  
One Year ◽  
Dominant Narratives

This one-year qualitative study examined the ways in which five Chicana/o and Latina/o teachers committed to social justice perceived their roles in their college-going work with Latina/o students, as well as the challenges threatening their efforts with students. Building on Stanton-Salazar’s (2011) concept of empowerment social capital, the findings showed that these teachers perceived college access as an equity issue, challenging dominant narratives of tracking and deficit-thinking in their college-going practices. Despite their ongoing and persistent commitments, the findings also revealed various challenges to these teachers’ work with students, such as the lack of schooling funding and college-going resources and a struggle to maintain a work-life balance. The results of this study have implications for school leadership and the reconceptualization of the teacher role in Latina/o students’ college-going processes.

scholarly journals “Just Be Strong, You Will Get through It” a Qualitative Study of Young Migrants’ Experiences of Settling in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1292
Author(s):  
Enoka De Jacolyn ◽  
Karolina Stasiak ◽  
Judith McCool
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Acculturation Process ◽  
Migrant Youth ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
New Beginnings ◽  
Group Interviews

Migration, when it occurs during adolescence, is particularly challenging as it coincides with a myriad of other developmental and social changes. The present study set out to explore recent young migrants’ experiences of settling in New Zealand. The qualitative study aimed to identify areas of particular challenge, examples of resilience and new insights into the acculturation process. Focus group interviews were conducted with migrant youth aged 16–19 from three urban secondary schools in Auckland The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using a general inductive method. Key themes centered on new beginnings, confronting new realities, acceptance, support seeking and overcoming challenges. Young migrants in this study shared similar challenges during the early post-migration period. They were often faced with additional responsibility, being caught between two cultures while struggling with communication and language. However, they were able to draw on their own self-growth, gratitude, and social connections. This study provides an insight into experiences of young migrants in New Zealand, and offers suggestions for developing culturally relevant support to foster migrant youth wellbeing.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study on Employees’ Experiences of a Support model for Systematic Work Environment Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Hellman ◽  
Fredrik Molin ◽  
Magnus Svartengren
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Work Groups ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Support Model

Background: The aim is to explore how an organisational work environment support model, the Stamina model, influences employees’ work situations and the development of sustainable work systems. Methods: It was a qualitative study with semi-structured, focus-group interviews, including 45 employees from six work groups. Eighteen focus group interviews were conducted over a period of two years. Data were analysed with constant comparative method. Results: The core category, shifting focus from an individual to an organisational perspective of work, illustrated how communication and increased understanding of one’s work tasks changed over time and contributed to deeper focus on the actual operation. These insights were implemented at different time points among the work groups during the two-year process. Conclusions: Our results indicate that working with the model engages employees in the work environment management, puts emphasis on reflections and discussions about the meaning and purpose of the operations and enables a shared platform for communication. These are important features that need to continue over time in order to create a sustainable work system. The Stamina model, thus seems to have the potential to promote productive and healthy work places.

How accessible are grocery shops for people with dementia? A qualitative study using photo documentation and focus group interviews

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1872-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brorsson ◽  
Annika Öhman ◽  
Stefan Lundberg ◽  
Malcolm P Cutchin ◽  
Louise Nygård
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Photo Documentation ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Background People with dementia who live in ordinary housing need to perform activities outside the home such as visiting friends, talking walks and doing grocery shopping. This article identifies and examines characteristics that may influence accessibility in the space of a grocery shop as perceived by people with dementia. Methods This is a qualitative study with a grounded theory approach. The data collection was done with two different methods. It started with photo documentation and continued with focus group interviews in combination with photo elicitation. Data from both photo documentation and focus groups were analysed according to a grounded theory approach. Results The categories “illogical arrangement”, “overload of products, information and people”, “visual illusions” and “intrusive auditory stimuli” showed characteristics in the grocery shop that influenced how accessible and usable the informants experienced a shop to be. Furthermore, personal capacities in relation to the specific characteristics of the grocery shop space had an influence on how accessible and usable the informants experienced the grocery shop to be. Capacities to find, stay focused and concentrated, meet stress, remember, interpret and discriminate sensory impressions through hearing and sight came to the fore as important. Conclusions Characteristics of both the shop and the person need to be taken into account when supporting people with dementia in grocery shopping.

scholarly journals Different forms of informal coercion in psychiatry – a qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veikko Pelto-Piri ◽  
Lars Kjellin ◽  
Ulrika Hylén ◽  
Emanuele Valenti ◽  
Stefan Priebe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Informal Coercion ◽  
Group Interviews

Abstract Objectives The objective of the study was to investigate how mental health professionals describe and reflect upon different forms of informal coercion. Results In a deductive qualitative content analysis of focus group interviews, several examples of persuasion, interpersonal leverage, inducements, and threats were found. Persuasion was sometimes described as being more like a negotiation. Some participants worried about that the use of interpersonal leverage and inducements risked to pass into blackmail in some situations. In a following inductive analysis, three more categories of informal coercion was found: cheating, using a disciplinary style and referring to rules and routines. Participants also described situations of coercion from other stakeholders: relatives and other authorities than psychiatry. The results indicate that informal coercion includes forms that are not obviously arranged in a hierarchy, and that its use is complex with a variety of pathways between different forms before treatment is accepted by the patient or compulsion is imposed.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Experiences of Blood Sample Collection from Children: A Qualitative Study from Swedish Paediatric Hospital Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Hjelmgren ◽  
Britt-Marie Ygge ◽  
Björn Nordlund ◽  
Nina Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Analytical Errors

Abstract Background: Blood sampling collections are necessary and important for diagnosis and treatment in paediatric hospital care. Nurses play an active role in helping the children with the blood sampling experience. Unfortunately, the blood sampling collection procedure is often affected by pre-analytical errors, leading to consequences such as delayed diagnosis, treatment and hospital stay, as well as repeated sampling. Moreover, children state that needle procedures are the worst experience of their hospital stay. Nurses working in children’s hospitals are responsible for conducting most of the needle related procedures but their experience of errors occurring during blood sample collection is unknown. The aim of this study therefore was to describe paediatric nurses’ experiences of blood sampling collections from children. Method: We used a qualitative study design with a (reflexive) thematic analysis (TA) method. Three focus group interviews were conducted, with 19 nurses from Sweden working at two different paediatric hospitals, focusing on their experiences of the blood sample collection procedure. Results: From the three focus group interviews we analysed patterns and meanings of the following themes: Paediatric blood sampling is a challenge for the nurses, Nurses’ feelings of frustration with unsuccessful samplings, Nurses believe in team work, Venous blood sampling was experienced as the best option, and Nurses’ thoughts and needs regarding skills development in paediatric blood sampling. Conclusion: The narrative results of this study illustrate that nurses working in paediatric hospital care face a big challenge in blood sampling collection from children. The nurses felt frustrated due to unsuccessful blood samplings and frequently could not understand why pre-analytical errors occurred. Nevertheless, they felt strengthened by colleagues in their team and shared feelings of responsibility to help each other with this complex procedure. The implications of this study are that paediatric hospital care needs to focus on improving guidelines for and increasing competence in blood sampling children and helping nurses to understand why samplings may be unsuccessful and how this can be avoided.

scholarly journals Nursing students' experiences as dementia partners in volunteer activities: An inductive content analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
Dooree Kim ◽  
Yunhee Park
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Practical Nursing ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Geriatric Nursing ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Behavior

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the experience of nursing students who volunteered as dementia partners for elderly persons with dementia.Methods: This qualitative study utilized focus group interviews to investigate the experiences of 20 nursing students who performed dementia partner activities for more than one year. Data were analysed using an inductive content analysis approach based on Elo & Kyngäs.Results: The analysis yielded the following four major themes: “becoming a dementia expert,” “becoming an evangelist for prevention of dementia,” “overcoming prejudices against aged with dementia,” and “acquiring motivation and skills of geriatric nursing” That means the experience as a dementia partner serves as an opportunity to broaden human understanding and shows its potential as a means to complement the effectiveness of practical nursing education.Conclusion: Dementia partner experiences have changed the perception, attitude and behavior of nursing students about the aged with dementia, so there is a need to extend this kind of experience to other students in nursing. Moreover, educational policy support should be continuously provided for this purpose.

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