scholarly journals Nuclear Micro Power Reactor: The New Generation of Innovative Small Reactors

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Power Reactor ◽  
Military Organizations ◽  
Small Modular Reactors ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Gen Iv ◽  
Micro Reactors ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Micro Reactor

This short communication gives an overall account of small modular reactors and then walks through the nuclear micro reactors as the next generation of small modular reactors, which is the next wave of innovation for these SMRs. These next wave ride on the fact that future nuclear reactors are getting smaller and modular as well transportable. In this paper we are covering a summary and overall aspect of Generation IV (GEN-IV) or they are also known as Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) as well. In this book, we also, cover Nuclear Micro Reactor and its need and implementation within Department of Defense (DOD) military organizations.

Toward computational net assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Aaron B Frank
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Strategic Analysis ◽  
Computing Technology ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Military Organizations ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
New Generation

a. In 1973, the Department of Defense (DoD) created the Office of Net Assessment (ONA) with a charter and unique approach to strategic analysis. This approach questioned the suitability of systems analysis to assess long-term, dynamic competition between complex military organizations, and turned to more qualitative methods as analytic alternatives. Developments in computing technology and modeling methods over the last two decades, most notably agent-based modeling (ABM), provide new opportunities to address the central analytic questions that motivated the original development of net assessment as a distinctive practice of strategic analysis. By employing ABM to simulate and analyze the behavior of strategic, adaptive, boundedly rational actors, which have previously frustrated mathematical analysis, a new generation of computational models can provide opportunities to add rigor to net assessment.

Ultra-selective detection of sub-ppm-level benzene using Pd–SnO2 yolk–shell micro-reactors with a catalytic Co3O4 overlayer for monitoring air quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1446-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Yong Jeong ◽  
Ji-Wook Yoon ◽  
Tae-Hyung Kim ◽  
Hyun-Mook Jeong ◽  
Chul-Soon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Micro Reactors ◽  
Ppm Level ◽  
Micro Reactor

Ultra-selective and sensitive detection of benzene was achieved using Pd-loaded SnO2 yolk–shell micro-reactor sensing films coated with a catalytic Co3O4 overlayer.

scholarly journals Modulation of Mo-Fe-C sites over mesoscale diffusion-enhanced hollow sub-micro reactors toward boosted electrochemical water oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feilong Gong ◽  
Mengmeng Liu ◽  
Lihua Gong ◽  
Sheng Ye ◽  
Qike Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Micro Reactors ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Micro Reactor ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Diffusion Properties

Abstract Simultaneously engineering the mesoscale mass transfer and surface reactions on the electrode can promote the kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we report the simultaneously modulation of the mesoscale diffusion and Mo-Fe-C sites formation over monodispersed hollow Fe@MoS2-C sub-micro reactors for boosted OER performance. According to finite element simulation and analysis, the hollow nanostructured MoS2-C host possessed much better mesoscale diffusion properties than its solid and yolk–shell counterparts. Notably, the sulfur vacancies and intercalated carbon in the sub-micro reactor offered a unique microenvironment for Fe anchoring on Mo-Fe-C sites. The stability and activity of the sites were revealed by theoretical calculations. The resultant Fe@MoS2-C presented an OER overpotential of 194 mV, which is much better than those of the Fe-based single-atom catalysts reported to data. Our monodispersed sub-micro reactor combined the advantage of mesoscale diffusion and single-atom sites, and it may have broad prospects for complex electrocatalytic reactions.

UK Programme on Codes, Standard and Procedure Needs for SMR and Gen IV Reactors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. James ◽  
J. K. Sharples ◽  
N. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Automated Manufacturing ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
Analysis Phase ◽  
Small Modular Reactors ◽  
Gen Iv ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Large Scale Manufacture

This paper provides an overview of the ongoing activities in the UK to understand the possible needs and development opportunities for design codes, standards and assessment procedures when looking at Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and Generation (Gen) IV reactors. The project (at the time of the conference) is progressing towards the completion of the initial gaps analysis phase of the work. This project is also part of a wider programme of work being supported by the Innovate UK to consider other pertinent aspects such as materials, automated manufacturing, large-scale manufacture and assembly and modularised build. This paper summarises these activities and the findings to-date.

Reforming of Diesel Fuel in a Micro Reactor

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Thormann ◽  
Peter Pfeifer ◽  
Ulrich Kunz ◽  
Klaus Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Oxygen Storage Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Acidic Sites ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method ◽  
Micro Reactors ◽  
Micro Reactor

Reforming of diesel fuel is challenging but very attractive for hydrogen production. It can facilitate the market entrance of fuel cells due to the existing infrastructure for distribution of diesel fuel. Reforming in micro reactors enables good heat transfer and therefore small and compact fuel processing systems e.g. for electrical energy generation in auxiliary power units.Due to the complexity of diesel, reforming of different diesel components and conversion intermediates in a micro reactor is investigated systematically within this work. Methane and propane were applied as conversion intermediates and hexadecane as a diesel surrogate. All experiments were conducted over a rhodium catalyst on Al2O3 or CeO2.For evaporation of the higher boiling hydrocarbons a micro structured injection nozzle was fabricated to create a fine hydrocarbon spray which evaporates in water vapour. Furthermore a complex gas chromatographic method to analyse hydrocarbons up to C16 and the permanent gases in one analysis run was developed.Experimental results show that the turnover frequency of the fuel molecules in the feed decreases linearly for straight chain hydrocarbons with an increasing number of carbon atoms. Calculations show that the observed conversions and product gas compositions are close to the thermodynamic equilibrium. The catalyst system Rh/CeO2 offers better reforming performance and higher resistance to coking apparently due to less acidic sites compared to Al2O3 and the oxygen storage capacity of CeO2.The ongoing work will examine the reforming behaviour of more model diesel fuel components e.g. mixtures of hexadecane and methylnaphthalene or synthetic diesel fuel. Experiments will be conducted in an optimised micro reformer, which disposes the heating energy by burning e.g. fuel cell off-gases. This also offers the consideration of start up and load changing behaviour.

scholarly journals Challenges to deployment of twenty-first century nuclear reactor systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 473 (2198) ◽  
pp. 20160815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Ion
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
First Century ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Fuel Cycles ◽  
Small Modular Reactors ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Historical Issues

The science and engineering of materials have always been fundamental to the success of nuclear power to date. They are also the key to the successful deployment and operation of a new generation of nuclear reactor systems and their associated fuel cycles. This article reflects on some of the historical issues, the challenges still prevalent today and the requirement for significant ongoing materials R&D and discusses the potential role of small modular reactors.

VPB�R-600 new-generation enhanced-safety power reactor

Atomic Energy ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Mitenkov ◽  
G. M. Antonovskii ◽  
V. S. Kuul' ◽  
Yu. K. Panov ◽  
O. B. Samoilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Reactor ◽  
New Generation

Modeling Hydrogel-Controlled Micro-Reactors for Enzyme Assays With Finite Elements for Improved Flow and Filling Distribution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp J. Mehner ◽  
Franziska Obst ◽  
David Simon ◽  
Jing Tang ◽  
Anthony Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Enzyme Assays ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix ◽  
Micro Reactors ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Micro Reactor

We propose an improved micro reactor design for a scalable microfluidic device, in which enzymes are immobilized in a hydrogel matrix. Furthermore, fluid flow is controlled by means of hydrogel-based micro-valves. In this work, computational flow simulations will be compared to experimental results to highlight new design ideas and to improve wetting and concentration distribution through the entire chamber volume, even for high aspect ratios. Additionally, modelling concepts will be introduced to efficiently describe multi-domain problems like enzyme reactions. With the help of a computer-aided design process which is capable to simulate hydrogel-based microfluidic systems it is possible to better understand, predict and visualize the behavior of micro-reactors and support the development of highly integrated hydrogel-based microfluidic circuits.

Microstuctural Characterization of the Radiation Effects in ZrC, a Potential Material for Next Generation Nuclear Plants

2007 ◽  
Vol 1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianguido Baldinozzi ◽  
Dominique Gosset ◽  
David Simeone ◽  
Mickael Dollé ◽  
Lionel Thomé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Metal Carbides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nuclear Plants ◽  
Gen Iv ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Low Energy Ions

AbstractThe development of a new generation of nuclear reactors (Gen-IV), with improved thermodynamic yield and a reduction of waste production, makes necessary to consider materials able to withstand high operating temperatures. Transition metal carbides, like ZrC, are then under consideration. Despite their good thermal and neutron properties, they have unfortunately a brittle mechanical behaviour. This is the reason why it is important to investigate the properties of these systems with sub-micrometric grains and as a function of their composition. Therefore, samples having micrometric and nanometric grain sizes (and different oxygen content) were irradiated by low energy ions at room temperature to simulate their behaviour in a neutron flux. The irradiation effects in these materials were studied by grazing X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.

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