scholarly journals Evaluation of Market Samples of Lauha Bhasma using Namburi Phased Spot Test (NPST)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-552
Author(s):  
Rakshitha D ◽  
Mandvi Sharma ◽  
Gazala Hussain ◽  
Vinay R Kadibagil
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Spot Test ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Standard Values

Introduction: Lauha bhasma is a herbo- metallic preparation in Ayurveda; it possesses ruksha- guru- lekhana guna, madhura vipaka, sheeta veerya which is indicated in kushta, kshaya, pandu, krimi, etc. disease conditions. Though bhasma are prepared by following the classical methods, in this commercialized world its purity and quality is a question. So in this study, classical bhasma pareeksha and Namburi Phased Spot Test (NPST) methods were employed on two market samples of Lauha bhasma to assess their purity and quality. Materials and Methods: Lauha bhasma of both market samples (sample 1 and sample 2) were subjected to classical bhasma pareeksha and NPST test methods. Observations and Results: Both samples were subjected to NPST and different test methods then parameters obtained were compared to standard values as per CCRAS guidelines. Discussion: Both samples of Lauha bhasma have passed the classical bhasma pareeksha suggestive of proper formation ofbhasma but differed in the time period of changes observed at different phases in NPST test. pH of both samples signifies the alkaline nature of bhasma. Conclusion: Both samples have tested for different parameters in which sample 1 showed changes as mentioned in NPST standards on-time compared to sample 2. 

Identification of Curing Agents in Rubber Products. Ultraviolet Absorptiometric Analysis of Selective Solvent Extracts

1956 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Kress ◽  
F. G. Stevens Mees
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Ether ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Spot Test ◽  
Selective Solvent ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Curing Agents

Abstract A method has been devised for identification of organic compounds that accelerate the vulcanization of rubber products. Identification of these active trace materials aids product improvement and quality control. Identification is made through ultraviolet spectrophotometric absorbance curves over the 220 to 380 mµ region on the aqueous alkali or acid extracts, or on liquid-liquid ethyl ether extracts of the aqueous solutions. Thiazole, thiuram, thiocarbamate, amine, and guanidine classes of commercial accelerators are regularly identified in 2 grams of uncured or cured rubber products, with less than 4 hours' elapsed time. Interference of common softeners and antioxidants is usually negligible. The method is more rapid than chromatographic procedures and more sensitive and specific than spot-test methods. Quantitative results may be obtained if calibration work is undertaken.

Laboratory and On-Site Findings Demonstrating the Greater Effectiveness of Biphase Water-Based Compressor Cleaners Over Monophase Cleaners

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Kloter ◽  
Neil F. Ashford ◽  
Duncan R. Fitchett
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Compressor washing is a widely applied method to reduce the fouling rate of compressor blades by on-line washing and restore lost power by off-line washing. One of the factors influencing the effectiveness of a wash procedure is the efficiency of the detergent used for washing. This especially in the presence of hydrophobic contamination such as oily and carbon type deposits that can be difficult to penetrate and loosen by water-based detergents. In this paper, a comparison of cleaning performance is made between monophase water-based compressor cleaners and a biphase water-based compressor cleaner. Most of the currently used water-based compressor cleaners are monophase solutions. Their main active ingredients are surfactants which lower surface tension and interfacial tension allowing detachment and emulsification of foulant from a compressor blade. Biphase compressor cleaners are also formulated with surfactants, however due to their sub-micron heterogeneous nature they not only provide detachment and emulsification but a much more effective capability to solubilize even hydrocarbon type contamination. Cleaning efficiencies of these cleaners were evaluated in the laboratory using various test methods including US MIL-PRF-85704C. All of these performed tests confirm the significantly higher effectiveness of the biphase compressor cleaner. To validate the results from the laboratory tests a direct comparison of a monophase cleaner and a biphase cleaner was performed at a power station in the UK. After about four years of frequent washing with the monophase cleaner on two engines, one GT was then washed three times consecutively offline within a time period of six months with the biphase cleaner. In the second GT, washing was continued with the monophase cleaner. The visual inspection during a major overhaul very clearly showed a significantly higher removal of contamination from the GT washed with the biphase compressor cleaner.

scholarly journals Aspects of Chemical Composition and Somatic Cell count of Cow Milk Marketed at Dispensers

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Mircea Valentin MUNTEAN ◽  
Ovidiu Marius MARIAN ◽  
Aurelia COROIAN ◽  
Zamfir Ioan MARCHIS ◽  
Cristian Ovidiu COROIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Qualitative Parameter ◽  
Material Study

Milk quality is influenced by many factors: lactation, fat, protein, lactose, number of somatic cells. In order to process raw milk and compare with criteria of quality and food safety the Regulation of European Parliament and the council no. 853/2004. Analysing the total number of somatic cells (SCC) in the period July-August 2017 it is noted that in case of samples collected from first automatic milk dispenser exceed 2 times the maximum admissible values and the samples collected from second automatic milk dispenser are up to the maximum allowable values which show that milking hygiene and animal health are at the European standards required. Analysis of fat content for both cases indicates that it is within the standard values for cow's milk and fat variations for DM1 samples are very low at temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius which shows that high temperatures do not influence these parameters. The biological material study was represented analysed by 30 samples of milk from only two cow milk dispensers functional located in this period in Cluj-Napoca city. These samples were collected at the same time period during July-August months. The aim of present study is to determine whether milk marketed through dispensers under the high temperature conditions specific to this period is affected in terms of qualitative parameter analysis.

scholarly journals Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1049
Author(s):  
Seong Won Nho ◽  
Minjae Kim ◽  
Seong-Jae Kim ◽  
Steven L. Foley ◽  
Rajesh Nayak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Fecal Specimen ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Internal Review ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection

The quality of fecal specimens is one of the factors responsible for successful Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) diagnosis. The quality depends largely on the storage conditions, including the temperature and time period. In this study, we organized the outputs of previous studies, filled experimental gaps in the knowledge of storage conditions, and introduced a pragmatic strategy for fecal storage for CDI diagnosis. A 5-step pathway was adopted to develop the fecal specimen storage strategy as follows: step 1, bibliomic analysis; step 2, experimental gap-filling; step 3, comparative evaluation; step 4, strategy development; step 5, internal review. Step 1 identified eight articles providing experimental information on the effects of fecal specimen storage conditions on the effectiveness of C. difficile detection methods. Step 2 provided additional quantitative data on C. difficile vegetative and spore cell viability and DNA stability. All previous and current results were compared (step 3). In step 4, fir general and nine special strategies were developed, followed by an internal review of the overall approaches (step 5). It is recommended to separate fecal samples into aliquots before testing and storing them. It is particularly recommended that fecal specimen samples be stored for CDI diagnosis at 4 °C for up to 60 days for all test methods.

New records of lichens from the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan corroborated by ITS sequences

Nova Hedwigia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-473
Author(s):  
Kamran Habib ◽  
Abdul Nasir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Spot Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Punctelia Rudecta

During a survey of the lichens in the state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, many specimens were collected from Peer Chinasi, district Muzaffarabad and characterized using morpho-anatomical, molecular and spot test methods. This yielded two new records for Pakistan, namely Acarospora badiofusca, and Peltigera didactyla, while Punctelia ruderata is taxonomically corrected as it was previously misidentified from Pakistan as Punctelia rudecta. Brief descriptions and phylogenetic analyses of the taxa are given.

The Tempo and mode(S) of Prebiotic Evolution

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 419-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lazcano
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
The Origin Of Life

AbstractDifferent current ideas on the origin of life are critically examined. Comparison of the now fashionable FeS/H2S pyrite-based autotrophic theory of the origin of life with the heterotrophic viewpoint suggest that the later is still the most fertile explanation for the emergence of life. However, the theory of chemical evolution and heterotrophic origins of life requires major updating, which should include the abandonment of the idea that the appearance of life was a slow process involving billions of years. Stability of organic compounds and the genetics of bacteria suggest that the origin and early diversification of life took place in a time period of the order of 10 million years. Current evidence suggest that the abiotic synthesis of organic compounds may be a widespread phenomenon in the Galaxy and may have a deterministic nature. However, the history of the biosphere does not exhibits any obvious trend towards greater complexity or «higher» forms of life. Therefore, the role of contingency in biological evolution should not be understimated in the discussions of the possibilities of life in the Universe.

Alteration of Mitochondria in Oxythiamine-Induced, Acute Thiamine Deficiency in the Mouse

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
Itaru Watanabe ◽  
Dante G. Scarpelli
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fatty Change ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ad Libitum

Acute thiamine deficiency was produced in mice by the administration of oxythiamine, a thiamine analogue, superimposed upon a thiamine deficient diet. Adult male Swiss mice (30 gm. B.W.) were fed with a thiamine deficient diet ad libitumand were injected with oxythiamine (170 mg/Kg B.W.) subcutaneously on days 4 and 10. On day 11, severe lassitude and anorexia developed, followed by death within 48 hours. The animals treated daily with subcutaneous injections of thiamine (300 μg/Kg B.W.) from day 11 through 15 were kept alive. Similarly, feeding with a diet containing thiamine (600 μg/Kg B.W./day) from day 9 through 17 reversed the condition. During this time period, no fatal illness occurred in the controls which were pair-fed with a thiamine deficient diet.The oxythiamine-treated mice showed a significant enlargement of the liver, which weighed approximately 1.5 times as much as that of the pair-fed controls. By light and electron microscopy, the hepatocytes were markedly swollen due to severe fatty change and swelling of the mitochondria.

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