Sod Tensile Strength, Handling Quality, and Their Interrelationship for 39 Bermudagrasses

Suitable tensile strength is essential for sod harvest, transport, and installation. Thirty-nine bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) entries were evaluated for sod handling quality (SHQ) and sod tensile strength (STS) during 2014–15. The SHQ (a discontinuous qualitative parameter) was evaluated using a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = complete pad separation during handling and 5 = no cracking or separation in the sod pad with excellent quality. The STS (a quantitative parameter) was determined using the force required to shear/separate the sod pad. Sod harvests were conducted at 14, 22, and 24 months after planting (MAP). The entry, harvest date, and their interaction affected STS and SHQ. Entries OKC 1302 and 12-TSB-1 had greater STS than ‘Patriot’ but less STS than ‘Latitude 36’, ‘Tifway’, ‘Astro’, and ‘TifGrand’. The seeded entry PST-R6T9S had the lowest STS and SHQ. The overall mean STS and SHQ were lowest at 22 MAP, which could be attributed to the slow recovery of the entries after Winter 2014. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.92) between STS and SHQ suggests that SHQ can be used as a rapid field method to estimate suitability for sod harvest. A predictive linear relationship between overall STS and overall SHQ (r2 = 0.85) found predicted STS values of 8.5, 22.6, 36.8, and 51.0 kg⋅dm–2 for overall mean SHQ ratings of 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. The results of this work will help sod producers in cultivar selection and will aid breeders in making commercialization decisions.

Qualitative Parameter Analysis for Botrytis cinerea Forecast Modelling Using IoT Sensor Networks

This paper presents the evaluation of a fungal disease forecast model in vineyards for qualitative parameter analysis using the data from off the shelf sensors, i.e. temperature and air relative humidity, rain precipitation, and leaf wetness. The rules for the fungal disease models are digitalized as a decision support tool that serve as an indicator to farmers for the need of spraying of the chemical substances to ensure the best growing condition and suppress the level of parasites. The temperature and humidity contexts are used interchangeably in practice to detect the risk of the disease occurrence. By taking into account a number of influences on these parameters collected from the shelf sensors, new topics for research in the multidimensional field of precision agriculture emerge. In this study, the impact of the humidity is evaluated by assessing how different humidity parameters correlate with the accuracy of the Botrytis cinerea fungi forecast. Each humidity parameter has it’s own threshold that triggers the second step of the disease modeling - risk index based on the temperature. The research showed that for humidity a low-cost relative humidity sensor can detect in average 14.61% risk values, a leaf wetness sensor an additional 3.99% risk cases, and finally, a precipitation sensor will detect only an additional 0.59% risk cases.

Growth of Slipper Orchid Paphiopedilum javanicum (Reinw. ex Lindl.) Pfitzer during Acclimatization Stage

Paphiopedilum javanicum (Reinw. ex Lindl.) Pfitzer known as slipper orchid is an endemic terrestrial orchid from Indonesia. This orchid is threatened with extinction and listed under CITES Appendix I. In-vitro propagation of P. javanicum has been done in Bali Botanic Garden (BBG) for last six years but acclimatization stage has not given satisfied result. The purpose of this study was to know the ef-fect of liquid fertilizer on vegetative growth of P. javanicum planlet during acclimatization stage. Beyonic StarTmik liquid fertilizer ap-plied by five different doses considered as treatment of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mL. They were 10 planlets for each treatment considered as replication. In this research we observe vegetative growth of P. ja-vanicum by quantitative and qualitative parameter. Quantitative data were analysis by ANOVA. Result showed, high percentage of planlet survival was observed of 98% and liquid fertilizer dose for 30 mL gave the optimal vegetative growth of P. javanicum planlet with aver-age height of 2.2 cm and leaves number of 13 pieces. There were no differences on qualitative parameter in all treatment that all leaves color was dark green and leaves tessellation appearance was obvious

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KOTORAN SAPI DAN ENCENG GONDOK (EICCHORNIA CRASSIPES) TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH JEROAN IKAN

The purposed of this research to study effect of adding cow dung and waterhyacinth to improve biogas production from fish waste. The method of thisresearch used experimental method at batch anaerob reactor and absortion carbonatom used NaOH solution. The result of this research analysis used describtionmethod. The observed of parameter included accumulation of biogas productionand also parameter at slurry incuded temperature and pH. Qualitative parameter istest of flame of biogas. The conclusion value of pH from this research betweencontrol reactor, A1 reactor (fishwaste: cow dung: water hyacinth= 2:9:3), A2reactor (fishwaste: cow dung: water hyacinth= 1:4:2), A3 reactor (fishwaste: cowdung: water hyacinth= 1:3:3) is 5 to 10. Temperature range in 28 oC to 31oC. Theresult indicated the different composition of subtrat slurry from fishwaste, cowdung and water hyacinth in scale 2:9:3 (A1 reactor) produced biogas accumulationand metana the most than the others reactor.

Aspects of Chemical Composition and Somatic Cell count of Cow Milk Marketed at Dispensers

Milk quality is influenced by many factors: lactation, fat, protein, lactose, number of somatic cells. In order to process raw milk and compare with criteria of quality and food safety the Regulation of European Parliament and the council no. 853/2004. Analysing the total number of somatic cells (SCC) in the period July-August 2017 it is noted that in case of samples collected from first automatic milk dispenser exceed 2 times the maximum admissible values and the samples collected from second automatic milk dispenser are up to the maximum allowable values which show that milking hygiene and animal health are at the European standards required. Analysis of fat content for both cases indicates that it is within the standard values for cow's milk and fat variations for DM1 samples are very low at temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius which shows that high temperatures do not influence these parameters. The biological material study was represented analysed by 30 samples of milk from only two cow milk dispensers functional located in this period in Cluj-Napoca city. These samples were collected at the same time period during July-August months. The aim of present study is to determine whether milk marketed through dispensers under the high temperature conditions specific to this period is affected in terms of qualitative parameter analysis.

Simulationstraining in der Geburtshilfe: eine Befragung von Teilnehmenden eines low fidelity Trainings

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Gebären und geboren werden sind prinzipiell physiologische Vorgänge. Allerdings kann sich eine Geburt plötzlich in einen lebensbedrohlichen Notfall wandeln. Dann hängen Gesundheit von Mutter und Kind in starkem Maße von richtigen und rechtzeitigen Interventionen und effektiver Teamarbeit des medizinischen Personals ab. Um diesen komplexen Anforderungen gewachsen zu sein, wurden v. a. in englischsprachigen und skandinavischen Ländern Konzepte für interdisziplinäres Simulationstraining entwickelt und evaluiert. Dabei gelten Trainingskonzepte mit high fidelity Ausstattung (computergesteuerten Simulatoren) und solche mit low fidelity (einfache Hilfsmittel und SimulationspatientInnen*) als wirksam. Für den deutschsprachigen Raum gibt es kaum Nachweise für die Effektivität von interdisziplinärem Notfalltraining in der Geburtshilfe. Zielsetzung dieser Arbeit ist es herauszufinden, ob ein low fidelity Simulationstraining in Deutschland eine effektive Methode ist, um das geburtshilfliche Notfallmanagement zu verbessern. Methode Es wurden fragebogenbasiert, 4 Monate nach dem Training quantitative und qualitative Parameter vor und nach einem Simulationstraining erhoben und evaluiert. Wir fragten u. a. nach der Selbsteinschätzung der Teilnehmenden hinsichtlich ihrer Kompetenz und Sicherheit im Notfall; der Wahrnehmung von Kooperation und Kommunikation im Team; der Klarheit von Arbeitsabläufen und der Einschätzung der Patientinnenperspektive. Ergebnisse Es wurden 48 Fragebögen prä und post Training ausgewertet. Fast alle Indikatoren zeigten eine signifikante Änderung. Veränderungsvorschläge der Befragten in Bezug auf Struktur- und Prozessqualität im Kreißsaal wurden qualitativ beschreibend ausgewertet. Schlussfolgerungen Der Bedarf wird bei den Mitarbeitenden gesehen. Diese bewerten subjektiv die Bewältigung von Notfällen als verbessert.

On firework blasts and qualitative parameter dependency

In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to qualitatively simulate the progressive time-evolution of a blast from a simple firework. Estimates are made for the blast radius that one can expect for a given amount of detonation energy and pyrotechnic display material. The model balances the released energy from the initial blast pulse with the subsequent kinetic energy and then computes the trajectory of the material under the influence of the drag from the surrounding air, gravity and possible buoyancy. Under certain simplifying assumptions, the model can be solved for analytically. The solution serves as a guide to identifying key parameters that control the evolving blast envelope. Three-dimensional examples are given.