scholarly journals Basal cell markers:34BE12 and p63, improving detection of basal cells in atypical prostatic lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
Inas A. Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cell Detection ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Basal Cell Layer ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Background: The diagnosis of prostatic pathology may be of challenging , as some  difficult and suspected, atypical  cases may lack basal cell layer by routine H&E sections . Antibodies against 34BE12(HMW-CK) and p63 aid the diagnosis of such cases , to distinguish benign from  malignant prostatic lesions. Objective: to identify basal cells in atypical prostatic lesions ,and distinguish benign from malignant prostatic lesions. Type of the study:  A retro-spective  study. Methods:  115cases of  paraffin embedded prostatic tissue blocks ,diagnosed as : 76 cases were benign prostatic hyperplasia( BPH) , 9 cases were  high grade –prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) , and 30 cases were prostatic carcinoma(PCa) .Sections from each blocks were prepared for immunostaining with 34BE12 and p63. Results : basal cells were detected in cases of BPH , and HG-PIN , and absent  in all cases of prostatic carcinoma ,using basal cell markers . Negative benign glands(>2) were found in 71.6% and 38.2%  for   BPH  and 57.1% and 55.6% for HG-PIN immunostained  with high molecular weight cytokeratin (34BE12) and p63 , respectively, and significantly reduced to 9.0% and 11.1% for BPH and HG-PIN, respectively  with combined using of both markers .Conclusion : Combination of both   basal cell markers (34BE12 , p63) improving basal cell detection in atypical ,suspected prostatic lesions and distinguish benign from malignant lesions.

scholarly journals Survivin and Sox9: Potential Stem Cell Markers in Canine Normal, Hyperplastic, and Neoplastic Canine Prostate

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Bongiovanni ◽  
Francesca Caposano ◽  
Mariarita Romanucci ◽  
Valeria Grieco ◽  
Daniela Malatesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Basal Cell Layer ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Cell Markers

Canine prostatic carcinoma is a relevant model for human prostatic carcinoma. Survivin is proposed as a biomarker of malignancy in human prostatic cancer. Sox9 is a stem cell marker required for prostate development and expressed in several adult tissues. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the patterns and expression levels of 2 putative stem cell markers, survivin and Sox9, in canine benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic carcinoma to investigate their potential as stem cell markers. Immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies was performed on 3 samples of normal prostate gland, 18 samples of canine BPH, and 16 samples of prostatic carcinoma. The basal cell layer of normal and hyperplastic prostatic lobules had nuclear Sox9 immunolabeling and nuclear and rarely cytoplasmic survivin immunostaining, identifying them as potential stem cell markers. Significantly more frequent survivin and Sox9 expression (≥10% of nuclei) was observed in prostatic carcinoma as compared with BPH. The potential coexpression of survivin with Sox9, androgen receptor, and p63 was also investigated in selected BPH and prostatic carcinoma cases with immunofluorescence, and a partial colocalization was observed. Results indicate that Sox9 and survivin could be considered markers of stemness in canine prostate cells. Given its role in proliferation, cells in the basal cell layer with nuclear survivin expression are likely to be transit-amplifying cells that maintain some stem cell proprieties.

Stratification of Atypical Intraepithelial Prostatic Lesions Based on Basal Cell and Architectural Patterns

2019 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Qian Xiao ◽  
Reza Golestani ◽  
Huy Pham ◽  
Andy E Sherrod
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Basal Cell Layer ◽  
Clinical Patient ◽  
Architectural Patterns ◽  
Intraepithelial Carcinoma

Abstract Objectives: High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN) and atypical cribriform lesion of the prostate are considered the precursors or associators of invasive prostate cancer (iPCa). Given loss of basal cells being the hallmark of iPCa, we hypothesized that a subset of these atypical intraepithelial lesions (AILs) with sparse basal cells can be classified as prostatic intraepithelial carcinoma (PIC) with frequent iPCa association and that different morphologic patterns of PIC are associated with specific Gleason (G) patterns and scores for iPCa. Methods: We stratified 153 foci of AILs from 110 patients based on the integrity of the basal cell layer and architectural patterns and their association with iPCa. Results: We demonstrated that AILs could be stratified into usual HPIN (intact basal cell layer and simple patterns) with low-risk of iPCa association and PIC (sparse basal cell layer) with high risk of iPCa association. Furthermore, PIC could be divided into low-grade (simple patterns and associated with G3 and G3/4 iPCa) and high-grade PIC (complex patterns and associated with G4 and G3/4/5 iPCa). Conclusions: Such stratification is of great clinical significance and instrumental to clinical patient management. It not only increases the predictability of AILs for iPCa but also accommodates a clinical scenario for lesions with features of intraductal carcinoma when iPCa is not found, particularly in biopsies.

Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasm: Anatomo-Clinical and Follow-Up Trends

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
G. Vagliani ◽  
R. Nannini ◽  
A. Bondi ◽  
A. Di Silverio ◽  
M. Fini
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Basal Cell Layer ◽  
Cytological Atypia ◽  
Prostatic Ducts

Cellular proliferation in the prostatic ducts and acini presents a morphological continuum from benign proliferation without cytological atypia (hyperplasia) to proliferations with different degrees of dysplasia. The term prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm (P.I.N.) indicates the theoretical morphological extremity of that continuum. The criteria for differentiating P.I.N. into three grades are to be found in the cytological and architectural aspect as well as the integrity of the basal cell layer and the basal membrane. Clinically P.I.N. is strongly associated with prostatic carcinoma and diagnosis should be followed by further investigations for a co-existing carcinoma. All the elements (age, severity of P.I.N., P.S.A., D.R.E. and T.R.U.S. characteristics) which may be used for correct follow-up are discussed, as well as possible therapeutic options.

scholarly journals GSTP1Methylation and Protein Expression in Prostate Cancer: Diagnostic Implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Martignano ◽  
Giorgia Gurioli ◽  
Samanta Salvi ◽  
Daniele Calistri ◽  
Matteo Costantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Basal Cell Layer ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Cycle Regulation ◽  
Early Carcinogenesis

GSTP1belongs to the GSTs family, a group of enzymes involved in detoxification of exogenous substances and it also plays an important role in cell cycle regulation. Its dysregulation correlates with a large variety of tumors, in particular with prostate cancer. We investigatedGSTP1methylation status with methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR) in prostate cancer (PCa) and in benign tissue of 56 prostatectomies. We also performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) so as to correlate gene methylation with gene silencing.GSTP1appears methylated in PCa and not in healthy tissue; IHC confirmed that methylation leads to protein underexpression (p<0.001). GSTP1 is highly expressed in basal cell layer and luminal cells in benign glands while in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) it stains only basal cell layer, whereas PCa glands are completely negative. We demonstrated that methylation leads to underexpression of GSTP1. The progressive loss of GSTP1 expression from healthy glands to PIN and to PCa glands underlines its involvement in early carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals THE GOLGI APPARATUS IN CHICK CORNEAL EPITHELIUM: CHANGES IN INTRACELLULAR POSITION DURING DEVELOPMENT

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Trelstad
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Basal Cell Layer ◽  
Collagenous Matrix ◽  
Basal Position

The intracellular position of the Golgi apparatuses in the basal cell layer of the corneal epithelium in embryonic and hatched chicks has been studied in the light microscope by impregnating the Golgi apparatus with silver. During two distinct periods in development the Golgi apparatuses in the basal cells shift from an apical to basal position. Each of these periods correlates in time with the appearance of an acellular collagenous matrix beneath the epithelium. Examination of the basal epithelial cells in the electron microscope confirms the intracellular shifts in position of the Golgi apparatus. The results suggest that the Golgi apparatus shifts to the basal cell pole of the corneal epithelium in order to excrete connective tissue materials into the developing corneal stroma.

Histopathological varieties of oral carcinomain situ: Diagnosis aided by immunohistochemistry dealing with the second basal cell layer as the proliferating center of oral mucosal epithelia

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Kobayashi ◽  
Satoshi Maruyama ◽  
Jun Cheng ◽  
Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi ◽  
Minoru Yagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Basal Cell Layer ◽  
Carcinomain Situ

scholarly journals Discovery and 3D imaging of a novel ΔNp63-expressing basal cell type in human pancreatic ducts with implications in disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrina Martens ◽  
Mathias Van Bulck ◽  
Katarina Coolens ◽  
Hediel Madhloum ◽  
Farzad Esni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
List Type ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Cell Markers

SUMMARYObjectiveAn aggressive basal-like molecular subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exists, driven by ΔNp63. In other epithelia, ΔNp63+ basal cells have stem cell capacity and can be at the origin of tumors. In the pancreas, basal cells have not been identified.DesignWe assessed basal cell markers in human and mouse pancreas, chronic pancreatitis and PDAC, and developed a 3D imaging protocol (FLIP-IT) to study sizeable samples at single cell resolution. We generated organoid cultures of ducts from Sox9-eGFP reporter mice.ResultsIn normal human pancreas, rare ΔNp63+ cells exist in ducts that expand in chronic pancreatitis. ΔNp63+ cells express KRT19 and canonical basal markers (KRT5, KRT14 and S100A2) but lack markers of duct cells such as CA19.9 and SOX9. In addition, ΔNp63+ cells pertain to a niche of cells expressing gastrointestinal stem cell markers. 3D views of the ductal tree in formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples show that basal cells are localized on the basal membrane of medium to large ducts and expand as multilayer dome-like structures in chronic pancreatitis. In mice, ΔNp63 expression is induced when culturing organoids from Sox9-low ductal cells but could not be found in normal pancreas nor in models of pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer.ConclusionWe discovered a novel ductal cell population in normal human pancreas similar to basal cells in other tissues. Using FLIP-IT, we provide unprecedented 3D visualization of these cells in archival clinical specimens. ΔNp63+ cells may play an important role in pancreatic tissue regeneration and cancer.SUMMARY BOXWhat is already known about this subject?ΔNp63 has a central role in determining the basal-like subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Different to other tissues with basal cancers, the normal pancreas reportedly does not contain (ΔNp63-expressing) basal cells.Current protocols face severe limitations for marker-based identification and 3D imaging of individual (rare) cells in archival pancreatic samples.What are the new findings?We report a rare and atypical pancreatic duct cell that expresses ΔNp63, other basal cell markers and g.i. stem cell markers.The number of these basal cells increases in diseases such as chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.We provide an easy to implement protocol for 3D clearing and high-resolution imaging of sizeable samples of (fresh or FFPE) human pancreas or an entire mouse pancreas.Except after culturing medium to large ducts as organoids, we fail to detect basal cells in mouse experimental pancreatic models.How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?Extrapolating from knowledge in other organs, basal cells in the pancreas may have a stem cell/progenitor role, including in diseases such as (basal) pancreatic cancer.Use of the 3D imaging protocol in archival clinical specimens will allow unprecedented insights in pancreatic histopathology.For above mentioned diseases, we caution for findings in experimental mouse models that may not (fully) recapitulate the etiopathogenesis.

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