scholarly journals Small Pteropodid Bats are Important Pollinators of Durian in Terengganu, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suey Yee Low ◽  
Muhammad Nur Hamzah Zulfemi ◽  
Siti Nor Shaffinaf Mohamad Shukri ◽  
Aida Hidayah Abu Samah ◽  
Hasrul Zaman Hassan Basri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

Bats are often misunderstood as agricultural pests and have received little attention for conservation efforts. However, bats are critical pollinators to commercially important agricultural products, such as durians. This study intends to confirm the role of small pteropodid bats as pollinating agents to flowering durian trees. Samplings were conducted in April 2018 to record bats visiting the flowers of two durian species, Durio zibethinus and Durio lowianus at Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Jerangau, Terengganu. Captured bats were swabbed for conspecific pollen load on their bodies to determine their potential role as pollinators. One hundred thirty-one (131) pollen swabs were collected from three pteropodid bat species: Eonycteris spelaea Dobson, Cynopterus brachyotis Dobson, and Cynopterus horsfieldii Gray. Only E. spelaea and C. brachyotis, however, were found with conspecific pollen loads on their bodies. Between the two, E. spelaea showed a higher potential to be the pollinating agent for the durian trees. Hence, they recorded more individuals carrying many conspecific pollen grains while visiting the trees. Thus, this finding will hopefully reduce the misconceptions held on bats and conserve them in Malaysia.

scholarly journals POTENSI BEBERAPA MIKROBA PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF PUPUK DAN PESTISIDA HAYATI

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Hanudin Hanudin ◽  
Kurniawan Budiarto ◽  
Budi Marwoto
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Soil Characteristic ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
White Rust ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Agricultural Industries

<p>Consumer demands on safe agricultural products have made the shifting of the production system to be more environmental friendly. An attempt to reduce or totally substitute chemical fertilizers and pesticides on agricultural production process was through the utilization of potential microbes. The purpose of the study was to provide information on potential microbial species that can be used as active ingredients of biofertilizers and biopesticides. The mechanisms of action have been studied, both directly and indirectly, in protecting the plant from pest and disease attacks. Several of these microbes also functioned as decomposer that might improve soil characteristic and nutrient availability for the crops. The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development for has released formulated biopesticides and bio fertilizers with the active ingredients isolated from agricultural production centers. The application of these biopesticides and biofertilizers have been effectively controlled important diseases in horticultural crops, i.e. Bio Nutri-V could suppress white rust disease (Puccinia horina Henn) 32.15% in chrysanthemum and increased 25% and 34% harvestable products in chrysanthemum and potato, respectively, compared with synthetic fungicide. The utilization of biopesticides and biofertilizers is expected to improve the competitiveness of national agricultural commodities by utilizing natural resources to support highly competitive and sustainable agricultural industries.</p><p>Keywords: Microbes, biofertilizer, biopesticide, vegetable, ornamentals, horticulture.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tuntutan konsumen terhadap keamanan produk pertanian menuntut pula perlunya proses produksi dilakukan secara ramah lingkungan. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi atau mensubstitusi penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida kimia sintetik ialah memanfaatkan mikroba. Makalah ini membahas spesies mikroba yang berpotensi dan dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan aktif pupuk dan pestisida hayati. Berbagai spesies mikroba dari kelompok cendawan dan bakteri telah berhasil diisolasi dan dievaluasi keefektifannya sebagai bahan aktif pupuk dan pestisida hayati yang efektif. Mikroba pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman dengan mekanisme langsung maupun tidak langsung mampu menginduksi pertumbuhan tanaman dan beberapa mikroba juga berfungsi sebagai dekomposer, sehingga membantu penyediaan unsur hara bagi tanaman. Badan Litbang Pertanian telah menghasilkan beberapa formulasi pupuk hayati dan biopestisida dengan bahan aktif mikrobe yang diisolasi dari sentra produksi pertanian. Aplikasi pupuk dan pestisida hayati tersebut efektif mengendalikan penyakit penting tanaman hias, seperti Bio Nutri- V dapat menekan perkembangan penyakit karat putih (Puccinia horina Henn) pada krisan 32,2% dan mempertahankan hasil panen kentang dan krisan masing-masing 25% dan 34% dibandingkan dengan aplikasi fungisida kimia sintetik. Pengembangan pupuk dan pestisida hayati yang dihasilkan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing komoditas pertanian melalui sistem produksi ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam secara optimal guna mendukung industri pertanian berdaya saing dan berkelanjutan.</p><p>Kata kunci: Mikroba, pupuk hayati, biopestisida, sayuran, tanaman hias, hortikultura.</p>

World Market of Organic Food Products

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-86
Author(s):  
Inga Ryumkina ◽  
Sergey Ryumkin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Food Products ◽  
World Market ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
The World

In the past two decades, the role of international relations in various spheres has increased significantly. The world market for agricultural products is not an exception. Agricultural production is influenced by many factors, including climate, development strategies, and financing of agricultural research centers, among others. The factor of organic production should form both domestic and global markets of agricultural products and food since the health of people and the environment depends on the quality of food products. Therefore, the agrarian policy should primarily focus on the development of markets of organic food. In this chapter, the authors attempt to identify major actors in the world market of organic food products.

Strengthening Linkages in Agricultural Research through a Farming Systems Perspective: The Role of Social Scientists

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Byerlee ◽  
Robert Tripp
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Research Systems ◽  
Principal Contribution ◽  
Research And Policy

SUMMARYThe principal contribution that the farming systems perspective brings to agricultural research is a farmer and problem-solving orientation. Development of this orientation helps strengthen linkages in national research systems between commodity programmes and between disciplines for both applied and adaptive research. It can also strengthen linkages between research and extension and between research and policy analysis. Issues in strengthening each of these linkages are briefly reviewed with particular emphasis on the socio-economic dimensions and the potential role of social scientists. It is argued that the farming systems perspective in agricultural research should be seen as performing an integrative role in research systems. This can often be developed without significant institutional reorganization.

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

The Effect of Path Length and Display Size on Memory for Spatial Information

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Guérard ◽  
Sébastien Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Path Length ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Length Effect ◽  
Serial Memory ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
A Minor

In serial memory for spatial information, some studies showed that recall performance suffers when the distance between successive locations increases relatively to the size of the display in which they are presented (the path length effect; e.g., Parmentier et al., 2005) but not when distance is increased by enlarging the size of the display (e.g., Smyth & Scholey, 1994). In the present study, we examined the effect of varying the absolute and relative distance between to-be-remembered items on memory for spatial information. We manipulated path length using small (15″) and large (64″) screens within the same design. In two experiments, we showed that distance was disruptive mainly when it is varied relatively to a fixed reference frame, though increasing the size of the display also had a small deleterious effect on recall. The insertion of a retention interval did not influence these effects, suggesting that rehearsal plays a minor role in mediating the effects of distance on serial spatial memory. We discuss the potential role of perceptual organization in light of the pattern of results.

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