SIMULATION OF VEHICULAR FRONTAL CRASH-TEST

This paper “SIMULATION OF FRONTAL CRASH-TEST” The simulation of vehicle crashes by using computer softwares has become an indispensible tool for shortening automobile development time and lowering costs. It also has huge impact on the crashworthiness of an automobile. This work reports on the simulated crash test of an automobile. The objective of this work is to simulate a frontal impact crash of an automobile and validate the results. The aim is also to alter some of the materials of the components with a view to reduce the forces experienced during the crash. Computer models were used to test the crash characteristics of the vehicle in the crash. The model used here was that of a Chevrolet C1500 pick-up truck. The software used for the simulation is LS-DYNA. It is widely used by the automotive industry to analyze vehicle designs. It accurately predicts a car's behavior in a collision. The results obtained by the simulation were then validated by comparing it with the test results of the same test performed by the NCAC (National Crash Analysis Center).

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Prehistoric Effect of the Stamping Process on the Crash Analysis of an Automobile under Frontal Impact

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.149 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 711 ◽

pp. 149-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Se Ho Kim

Keyword(s):

Impact Load ◽

Crash Analysis ◽

Frontal Impact ◽

Vehicle Model ◽

Side Member ◽

Frontal Crash ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Load Carrying ◽

Crash Characteristics ◽

The Impact

In this paper, a frontal crash analysis is carried out with a full vehicle model in order to investigate the influence of stamping effects of auto-body members on the crash characteristics of the vehicle. Stamping effects are considered for load carrying members such as the front side member and the rear lower. From the analysis result considering stamping effects, it is conformed that stamping history has to be considered for longitudinal members simultaneously that transfer the impact load under the frontal impact. Comparison of simulation result with experimental one also shows that the prediction accuracy of the crash analysis is remarkably improved.

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Reconstruction finite element model of cars

Science & Technology Development Journal - Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32508/stdjet.v4i1.782 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. first

Author(s):

Lý Hùng Anh ◽

Nguyễn Phụ Thượng Lưu ◽

Nguyễn Thiên Phú ◽

Trần Đình Nhật

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Finite Element Model ◽

Element Model ◽

Finite Element Models ◽

Crash Analysis ◽

Inertia Moment ◽

Frontal Crash ◽

Analysis Center ◽

Simulation Results ◽

And Behavior

The experimental method used in a frontal crash of cars costs much time and expense. Therefore, numerical simulation in crashworthiness is widely applied in the world. The completed car models contain a lot of parts which provided complicated structure, especially the rear of car models do not contribute to behavior of frontal crash which usually evaluates injuries of pedestrian or motorcyclist. In order to save time and resources, a simplification of the car models for research simulations is essential with the goal of reducing approximately 50% of car model elements and nodes. This study aims to construct the finite element models of front structures of vehicle based on the original finite element models. Those new car models must be maintained important values such as mass and center of gravity position. By using condition boundaries, inertia moment is kept unchanged on new model. The original car models, which are provided by the National Crash Analysis Center (NCAC), validated by using results from experimental crash tests. The modified (simplistic) vehicle FE models are validated by comparing simulation results with experimental data and simulation results of the original vehicle finite element models. LS-Dyna software provides convenient tools and very strong to modify finite element model. There are six car models reconstructed in this research, including 1 Pick-up, 2 SUV and 3 Sedan. Because car models were not the main object to evaluate in a crash, energy and behavior of frontal part have the most important role. As a result, six simplified car models gave reasonable outcomes and reduced significantly the number of nodes and elements. Therefore, the simulation time is also reduced a lot. Simplified car models can be applied to the upcoming frontal simulations.

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Structure Improvement of the S Beam Based on the Safety of SUV

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.675 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 34-35 ◽

pp. 675-680

Author(s):

Jun Wu ◽

Li Bo Cao ◽

Tian Zhi Chen ◽

Chen Chen Hu ◽

Bing Hui Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rigid Body ◽

Crash Test ◽

Fe Model ◽

Frontal Impact ◽

Frontal Crash ◽

Occupant Protection ◽

Body Model ◽

Crash Safety ◽

Rigid Body Model ◽

Structure Improvement

The S beam of a production SUV appeared instable deformation in frontal crash test, which was not beneficial to occupant protection. So the deformation of S beam should be controlled to improve the crashworthiness. Inner improvement structures were proposed according to the prototype S beam. A frontal crash FE model and a multi-rigid body model were developed and validated to investigate the crash safety of frontal impact. The influences of the improvements to the deformation of S beam and the energy absorption of longitudinal beams were analyzed by the FE model, and the injury risks of head and thoraces were analyzed by the multi-rigid body model. The better improvement structure was adopted in the frame for the crash test to validate the effectiveness of improved scheme, and the result shows better crash performance of frontal impact for prototype vehicle. Meanwhile, simulation study on crash safety of 40% offset crash were also conducted, which indicated that improved scheme was also beneficial for crash safety of 40% offset crash.

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Finite Element based Crash and Impact Analyses of a Newly Developed Road Cum Rail Vehicle

Science & Technology Journal ◽

10.22232/stj.2020.08.02.15 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 103-107

Author(s):

Abhay Kumar Gupta ◽

◽

Sharad Kumar Pradhan ◽

Lokesh Bajpai ◽

Varun Jain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Automotive Industry ◽

Dynamic Behaviour ◽

Crash Test ◽

Frontal Crash ◽

Rail Track ◽

Rail Vehicle ◽

Automobile Design ◽

Computer Aided Analysis ◽

Significant Step ◽

Vehicle Chassis

"The two most significant engineering steps required in developing a good quality vehicle is crash and structural analysis in the field of automobile design. Simulating the crashworthiness of the vehicle is a significant step to design automobiles of the present age and automotive industry has probably the widest application of such simulations. Crash simulation is a virtual representation of a destructive crash test of a vehicle and its components using computer-aided analysis software to examine the level of safety of the vehicle and its occupants by analysing the level and nature of impact stresses occurring in the component and the magnitude and nature of the deformation happening in the cosmponent during a crash situation. In the current study, a road cum rail vehicle is designed. The main purpose of the vehicle is to clean the rail track. Since the vehicle will be used on the live rail track so it is very important to know the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle during crash or impact. The dynamic behaviour of complete vehicle chassis with four rail wheel and for rubber wheel in contact with rails and moving at 60 km/hr is simulated under frontal crash. Further, 10g frontal impact and the 5g rear impact are also applied on the developed vehicle chassis at rest to investigate its dynamic behaviour"

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Brain Injury Risk Assessment of Frontal Crash Test Results

10.4271/941056 ◽

1994 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Harold J. Mertz ◽

Annette L. Irwin

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Crash Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Frontal Crash

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Design Evaluation & Improvement Analysis of Vehicle Structural Crashworthiness using CAE in IIHS Frontal Crash Test

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.f8597.109119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1575-1582

Keyword(s):

Numerical Solutions ◽

Forward Direction ◽

Crash Test ◽

Design Evaluation ◽

Frontal Impact ◽

Passenger Vehicle ◽

Passenger Compartment ◽

Frontal Crash ◽

Design Cycle ◽

Load Carrying

Present day advancement in numerical solutions and advanced computational power has given a new dimension to the design and development of new products. Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) is widely used in the automotive community to reduce testing, prototype building, and design improvement in the design cycle. Design modifications were aimed to get controlled energy absorption, stable passenger compartment with aim of reduced intrusions and occupant safety.In the course of developing a passenger vehicle, automotive manufacturers must take into account numerous regulatory and corporate requirements. One of the most important such requirement is Frontal offset deformable barrier test. In this test condition, the vehicle traveling in the forward direction, impacts a deformable barrier that is offset to the driver’s side of the vehicle. The barrier face is perpendicular to the direction of travel and overlaps 40% of the front of the vehicle. The scope of this project is to evaluate the performance of a sedan passenger car and to further improve its crashworthiness during an offset frontal impact event. It is demonstrated that utilization of the complete passenger compartment stiffness, continuity in the load carrying members and extending these members until rear of the passenger compartment significantly reduces intrusions during offset frontal impact.

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Lower Extremity Mechanism and Responses in Various Frontal Impact Configurations

Volume 12: Transportation Systems ◽

10.1115/imece2017-72702 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Saeed Barbat ◽

Xiaowei Li

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Oblique Impact ◽

Instrument Panel ◽

Crash Test ◽

Frontal Impact ◽

Vehicle Interior ◽

Rigid Barrier ◽

Frontal Crash ◽

Crash Tests ◽

Small Overlap

An analysis of the lower extremity responses in various frontal impact test configurations was performed. The THOR-LX anthropomorphic test device (ATD) representing a mid-size adult male was used. Four groups of frontal crash test data were analyzed. These groups included: Rigid Fixed Barrier (RFB), Moderate Overlap Offset Deformable Barrier (ODB), Small Overlap Rigid Barrier (SORB), and Oblique Impact (OI) crash tests.. This analysis indicated that the lower extremity responses could be high especially in the oblique impact and small overlap crash tests. This study focused on understanding the causes of the resulting high responses. ATD lower extremity kinematics and interaction with intruded body structure and/or instrument panel varied in the different frontal impact configurations. Therefore, the dominant causes of lower extremity responses in terms of tibia forces and moments were not the same for all frontal crash modes. Maximum Tibia Index results associated with the four groups of frontal impact tests were used to develop a better understanding of ATD kinematics and response mechanisms of the lower extremities. The contact sequence of the lower leg to vehicle interior components was illustrated for OI. This paper investigated the cause of lower extremity responses in these crash tests. Analysis indicated that the time at which maximum intrusion occurs did not necessarily coincide with the time of maximum lower extremity responses expressed by the Tibia Index.

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Crash Test Software Analysis

Advances in Bioengineering ◽

10.1115/imece2002-32637 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Justin F. Harrison ◽

Ionut Radu ◽

Alan J. Babcock ◽

Beth A. Todd

Keyword(s):

Automotive Industry ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Crash Test ◽

Software Analysis ◽

Design Engineers ◽

Software Packages ◽

The Disabled ◽

Safety Features ◽

Physical Construction ◽

Advanced Computer

The development of highly advanced computer simulation software packages has enabled design engineers to more effectively integrate safety features into their designs. Designs can be tested long before any physical construction ever begins. This saves money, allowing more extensive testing to be performed, and it also saves time, expediting the process of moving concept to reality. In the automotive industry, such software can be especially useful, since computer simulations can be run over and over again, making it possible to observe the effects of adjusting single variables in dynamic situations. This has opened the door for testing of non-typical occupants. Restraints and safety devices are no longer designed to suit the needs of the average person; they can be tailored to account for all body types, or even for the disabled.

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Comparison of Crash Test and Simulation Results for Impact of Silverado Pickup into New Jersey Barrier under Manual for assessing Safety Hardware

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/2309-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2309 (1) ◽

pp. 114-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dhafer Marzougui ◽

Cing-Dao (Steve) Kan ◽

Kenneth S. Opiela

Keyword(s):

New Jersey ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Crash Test ◽

Fe Model ◽

George Washington ◽

Statistical Measures ◽

Detailed Simulation ◽

Analysis Center ◽

Simulation Results ◽

Concrete Barrier

The National Crash Analysis Center (NCAC) at the George Washington University simulated the crash of a 2,270-kg Chevrolet Silverado pickup truck into a standard 32-in. New Jersey shape concrete barrier under the requirements of Test 3–11 of the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH). The new, detailed finite element (FE) model for the Chevrolet Silverado was used as the surrogate for the MASH 2270P test vehicle. An FE model of the New Jersey barrier was drawn from the array of NCAC hardware models. The primary objective of this analysis was to simulate the crash test conducted to evaluate how this commonly used, NCHRP 350–approved device would perform under the more rigorous MASH crashworthiness criteria. A secondary objective was to use newly developed verification and validation (V&V) procedures to compare the results of the detailed simulation with the results of crash tests undertaken as part of another project. The crash simulation was successfully executed with the detailed Silverado FE model and NCAC models of the New Jersey concrete barrier. Traditional comparisons of the simulation results and the data derived from the crash test suggested that the modeling provided viable results. Further comparisons employing the V&V procedures provided a structured assessment across multiple factors reflected in the phenomena importance ranking table. Statistical measures of the accuracy of the test in comparison with simulation results provided a more robust validation than previous approaches. These comparisons further confirmed that the model was able to replicate impacts with a 2270P vehicle, as required by MASH.

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