NEW TRENDS IN LEADERSHIP AND GOVERNANCE IN AFRICA: THE JONATHAN – MANDELA EXPERIENCE

This paper examined the changes recorded in the leadership and governance structure in Africa with particular reference to the Jonathan and Mandela administration in Nigeria and South Africa respectively. The study made use of secondary data while the analysis was done qualitatively through contents analysis. Conflict theory was also applied to guide the study. Findings revealed that the policy actions and leadership styles of some African leaders affected the quality of leadership and governance structure in various African countries. The paper concluded that the gains recorded in the democratization process in Africa can be sustained when leaders and citizens abandon sit-tight leadership and embrace democratic values and principles as clearly demonstrated by Dr Goodluck Ebele Jonathan of Nigeria and Nelson Mandela of South Africa.

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A generic investigation process for South African commercial forensic practitioners

Journal of Financial Crime ◽

10.1108/jfc-06-2019-0077 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 587-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jacobus Gerhardus J. Nortje ◽

Daniel P. Bredenkamp

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Best Practices ◽

South African ◽

Governance Structure ◽

Primary Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Investigation Process

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically analyse and discuss the identification of a generic investigation process to be followed by the commercial forensic practitioner in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a cross-sectional design that commenced with a review of the current available literature, highlighting the different approaches, processes and best practices used in local and international forensic practices. The methodology includes primary data collected with questionnaires from commercial forensic practitioner (N = 75) process users. Findings This paper identifies the following five distinct categories in the forensic investigation process, with sub-processes, namely, initiation, planning, execution, reporting and reflection. Research limitations/implications The study focuses only on the South African members of the Institute of Commercial Forensic Practitioners (ICFP) fraternity in South Africa as the ICFP is a leading body that, through membership, offers a recognised professional qualification in commercial forensics. Practical implications An investigation process for commercial forensic practitioners in South Africa could be used by the ICFP that would provide a governance structure for the ICFP. Originality/value The originality of this paper lies in setting out of an account of forensic accounting processes and best practices nationally and internationally. The missing knowledge is that no such research is known to have been conducted in South Africa. Currently, to the authors’ knowledge, no formalised investigation process exists. The contribution of the study is that by using an investigation process, it may enhance the quality of forensic investigations and contribute to the successful investigation and prosecution of commercial crime in South Africa that will be beneficial to all stakeholders.

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF LEADERSHIP AMONG IMAMS AND RELIGION TEACHERS

Zbornik radova 18 ◽

10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2019.16.161 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 161-188

Author(s):

Derviš Vrešlija ◽

Safet Beganović

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Leadership Styles ◽

Leadership Behavior ◽

Survey Method ◽

Intellectual Stimulation ◽

Quality Of Leadership ◽

Functional Efficiency ◽

Background Data ◽

Religion Teachers

The aim of the paper is to make a comparative analysis of the quality of leadership among imams and religion teachers, i.e. based on the attitudes of imams and religion teachers to conclude whether there is a difference in the frequency of application of different leadership styles. We used a method of theoretical analysis, a descriptive-analytical survey method, and a technique of survey data collection. The research instruments were a Background Data Questionnaire and a Leadership Behavior Questionnaire - Leadership Styles (Pearce & Sims, 2002). The research sample consisted of 100 imams and 100 religion teachers coming from the Zenica-Doboj Canton. Our findings showed that the leadership by imams is statistically significantly more characterized by: intimidation, reprimand, setting goals, instructions and commands, providing material and personal rewards, disagreement with the current situation and vision. On the other hand, the leadership by religion teachers is statistically significantly characterized more by: the team's functional efficiency, the qualitative efficiency of the team, efficiency of introducing changes, efficiency of organization and planning, interpersonal efficiency, efficiency evaluation, and overall efficiency. The following styles were found to be common to both imams and religion teachers: idealism, inspirational communication, intellectual stimulation, support to the reward system, encouraging independent actions, support to thinking and support to personal progress.

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Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Far from Achievement for Sub-Saharan Africa

10.20944/preprints202005.0447.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

HADSON SITEMBO

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Sustainable Development Goals ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

African Countries ◽

International Agencies ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

Development Goals ◽

Sub Saharan

Sustainable development goals (SDGs) are a global agenda consisting of 17 goals which are to be achieved in 2030 by all member states. SDGs are more holistic goals i.e. these goals are closely interrelated and they affect the progress of one another. Sub-Saharan Africa countries are, once more lagging behind in the implementations of SDGs despite the efforts by governments, non-government organisations and international agencies. Rwanda, South Africa and Zambia where the three Sub-Saharan Africa countries on which the study focused. The three countries in this study were chosen on the basis that they cater to the general overview of African countries performance on SDGs. To conduct this study, a desk research method was adopted and secondary data was utilised. An in-depth analysis was done on the on three subs Saharan African countries i.e. Rwanda, South Africa, Zambia. Those goals where serious attention is needed are goals 1-9, 16 and 17. Most Sub-Saharan African countries performed better on goals 11, 12 and 15. It was concluded that the achievement of Sustainable development goals remains a mere dream for Sub Saharan Africa unless serious interventions are made.

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The impact of xenophobia-Afrophobia on the informal economy in Durban CBD, South Africa

The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa ◽

10.4102/td.v11i4.52 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

N. Tshishonga

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Informal Economy ◽

Secondary Data ◽

African Countries ◽

South Africans ◽

Economic Survival ◽

The Impact ◽

The City ◽

Formal And Informal Sectors

The renewed incidents of xenophobia, which engulfed South Africa, dented this country’s image, continentally and internationally. These occurrences invoke an unresolved question, thus: Can xenophobic attacks be attributed to tighter or discriminatory immigration policies or are people caught in quandary for socio-economic survival? Similarly to the pogroms in Poland against Jews, xenophobia left fatal scars, not only amongst Africans and non- Africans, and has affected the informal economy negatively. This article explores the impact of xenophobia on the operations of the informal economy on which the poor depend for socio-economic survival. For the most part of April-May 2015, the streets of Durban were deserted because of the xenophobic attacks on non-South African businesses, particularly those owned by Africans from different parts of the continent. Fear was planted in the city of Durban, which in turn led to the decline in economic activity, both formal and informal sectors, with the later bearing the most brunt. The city was turned into a battle field whereby Afro-hatred was perpetuated with the intention of causing bodily harm and making deportation threats. Nationals from other African countries, mainly Nigerians, Somalis, Malawians, Zimbabweans, Mozambicans, Ethiopians and Congolese were accused of taking jobs meant for locals and suffocating their businesses as well as taking their women. In fear of their lives, non-South Africans were forced to close their businesses and to go into hiding. This article argues that the impact of xenophobia is a double-edged sword and has far- reaching implications for both South Africans and non-South Africans as the local city dwellers depend on the services provided by informal businesses. The article uses both primary and secondary data. The empirical data was extracted mainly from the street traders and hawkers eking a living in the informal sector.

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POLÍTICA EXTERNA DA NOVA ÁFRICA DO SUL: REINSERÇÃO E AFIRMAÇÃO REGIONAL

Austral Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations ◽

10.22456/2238-6912.45173 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Kamilla Raquel Rizzi ◽

Nathaly Xavier Schutz

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

New South ◽

International System ◽

African Countries ◽

Nelson Mandela ◽

Strategic Position ◽

Apartheid Regime ◽

In The Beginning ◽

Indian And Atlantic Oceans

South Africa is a country of singular importance for the understanding of contemporary International Relations. Situated at the Southernmost region of the African continent, coasted by the Indian and Atlantic oceans, South Africa occupies a geopolitical and geoeconomic strategic position. In the beginning of the 1990s, with the end of the Apartheid regime, the country starts a period of international reinsertion that presents as a fundamental feature the stabilization of the relations with the other African countries, especially its neighbors of Southern Africa. The objective of this article is to analyze the foreign policy of the New South Africa (from Nelson Mandela to Jacob Zuma), presenting as a central thread the role played by regional insertion for the South African ambitions in the international system.

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Analyzing the contributions of transdisciplinary research to the global sustainability agenda in African cities

Sustainability Science ◽

10.1007/s11625-021-01042-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sokhna Thiam ◽

Fati Aziz ◽

Sandra Boatemaa Kushitor ◽

Akosua Baah Kwarteng Amaka-Otchere ◽

Blessing Nonye Onyima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Transdisciplinary Research ◽

Main Process ◽

African Countries ◽

Agenda 2030 ◽

Nelson Mandela ◽

Integrated Research ◽

Development Goals ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Sustainability Challenges

AbstractIt is almost 6 years since the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted, and countries have less than 10 years to achieve the set targets. Unlike most of the world, sub-Saharan African countries have reported only minimal progress, one that the COVID-19 pandemic has unfortunately disrupted. Transdisciplinary research (TDR) has been conceptualized as important for achieving sustainability goals such as the SDGs. In this paper we (i) analyze the contributions of the five TDR projects toward the achievements of the SDGs at the city level in Africa, and (ii) explore the interactions between the assessed SDGs across the five projects. The projects’ contributions towards the achievements of the SDGs were examined in three thematic areas: (i) contexts, (ii) processes and (iii) products. The five projects were funded under the Leading Integrated Research for Agenda 2030 in Africa (LIRA) programme. The projects were being implemented in nine cities across five African countries Accra (Ghana), Kumasi (Ghana), Korhogo (Ivory Coast), Abuja Metro (Nigeria), Mbour (Senegal), Cape Town (South Africa), Nelson Mandela Bay Metro (South Africa), Grahamstown (South Africa) and Kampala (Uganda) and data were collected on each of the five projects in these cities. The contextual contributions include co-analysis and reflection on policy and institutional silos and social innovations amenable to contextual complexity. A shift in how actors perceived and conceptualized sustainability challenges and the role of the projects as transformative social agents constituted the two main process contributions. Tool development, virtual models and maps, and handbook are the product contributions by the projects. Our analysis of the SDG interactions indicated the need for cross-sectoral collaborations to ensures resource use efficiency, knowledge and experience sharing, and seamless flow of information and data to accelerate the SDG implementation.

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Engendering communication: a perspective on ICT access and usage in Africa

Info ◽

10.1108/14636691111131493 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 125-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Anne Milek ◽

Christoph Stork ◽

Alison Gillwald

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Focus Group ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Information Communication Technologies ◽

Information Communication ◽

African Countries ◽

Content Type ◽

Qualitative Understanding ◽

Education And Employment

PurposeInformation communication technologies (ICTs) are widely seen as having the potential to contribute positively to economic growth and development and to improve the livelihoods and quality of life of individuals and households and yet access to ICTs and usage of them remains highly inequitable. This paper aims to identify areas of inequality in access to ICTs between men and women in Africa.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the Research ICT Africa (RIA) household and individual ICT survey conducted in 17 African countries between 2007/2008 the paper provides an empirical basis for assessing gender dimensions of ICT access and usage. Additionally, focus group studies were conducted in Cameroon, Ethiopia, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda to gain a greater qualitative understanding of access to and usage of ICTs from a gender perspective.FindingsAlthough the results confirmed in many countries the widely held belief that men have greater access to ICTs than women in some instances more women than men owned mobile phones such as in South Africa and Mozambique. In Cameroon women were found to have greater knowledge of the internet than their male counterparts. Most significantly perhaps is the finding that when women have similar income, education and employment status they have comparable access to ICTs as their male counterparts. However, as women generally do not have the same access to those core factors that enhance ICT access and usage, their access to ICT is generally lower.Originality/valueThe quantitative as well as focus group results of this study confirm gender differences in access to ICTs, raising important questions about the points of policy intervention to redress such imbalances.

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Multiple Faces of Democrats: Satisfaction with Democracy and Support for Democracy in Malawi

Insight on Africa ◽

10.1177/0975087818814913 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 18-37

Author(s):

Michael Chasukwa

Keyword(s):

Mixed Methods Research ◽

Secondary Data ◽

African Countries ◽

Quality Of Democracy ◽

Satisfaction With Democracy ◽

Economic Survival ◽

Support For Democracy ◽

Democracy And Education ◽

Critical Citizens

Matters of satisfaction with and support for democracy have been at the centre of discussion regarding the survival and quality of democracy in Africa since the early 1990s. While the dominant discourse claims that support for democracy keeps on increasing with time, African countries have somewhat deviated from this path. Thus, African countries have had decreasing levels of satisfaction with democracy and support for democracy since the third democratisation wave of the early 1990s. This article takes interest in the trends of satisfaction with democracy and support for democracy with the objective of explaining factors contributing to the undermining of the survival and quality of democracy. A mixed methods research design, using Afrobarometer survey data for four rounds and secondary data, is deployed to address issues pertaining to critical and satisfied democrats as raised in the article. The article finds that satisfaction with democracy and education are significant predictors of support for democracy in Malawi. It also establishes that critical democrats fight to make democracy work, albeit for their economic survival. The article argues that the survival and quality of democracy in Malawi is compromised by elite critical citizens who show commitment to democracy as a matter of principle when they are instrumentalists.

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PO 8720 IMPACT OF EXPANDED USE OF AN ONLINE ETHICS REVIEW SYSTEM IN AFRICA: A PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN IAVI, COHRED, AND EDCTP WITH NATIONAL REGULATORY AGENCIES

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.166 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A63.2-A63

Author(s):

Francis Kombe ◽

Marzelle Haskins ◽

Amina Mkonje Salim ◽

Flavia Ayebazibwe ◽

Carel IJsselmuiden

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Scale Up ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Systematic Evaluation ◽

Review System ◽

African Countries ◽

Online System ◽

Regulatory Authorities ◽

Ethics Review

BackgroundRHInnO Ethics is a cloud-based online ethics review system that enables Reseach Ethics Committees (RECs) to receive, review and approve applications online. Over the last five years, RHInnO Ethics has been installed in 40 RECs that operate in 12 African countries.MethodsPharma Ethics (South Africa), Strathmore University (Kenya) and Uganda Virus Research Institute-UVRI (Uganda) started using RHInnO Ethics in 2014, 2015 and 2017 respectively. Although the platform is currently installed in 40 RECs in Africa, only 1 systematic evaluation has been done to objectively assess its impact on the quality and efficiency of ethics review. Here, we present the experiences of using RHInnO Ethics from three RECs situated in East Africa (2 RECs) and South Africa (1 REC).ResultsStrathmore University started using the online ethics review system since the beginning of its operation, while Pharma Ethics and UVRI transitioned from a manual to an electronic system. Benefits associated with the use of the platform include improved efficiency in communication among key players of the ethics review processes, improved quality of review through standardisation and harmonisation of ethics review procedures, easy management of information, increased submissions and improved turnaround time. The progress of review can also be tracked any time by all users. Challenges include change management from the manual to the online system, difficulties in learning new versions of the system and training new reviewers not conversant with the system, interruption of internet access and limited ability to personalise the platform.ConclusionThere is a need to get buy-in from regulatory authorities to enforce the adaption of the system to all RECs in order to make research coordination in Africa easier. RHInnO Ethics has been shown to improve efficiency and quality of reviews. However, the transition to and full adoption of the online system continues to be slow. To accelerate and scale up the adoption of RHInnO Ethics, there is a need for developers, RECs and sponsors of RECs to engage with REC regulatory authorities, and identify responsive models of financing and funding RECs in order to increase efficiency and quality of ethics review in sub-Saharan Africa.

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COVID-19 in South Africa: outbreak despite interventions

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84487-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Malte Schröder ◽

Andreas Bossert ◽

Moritz Kersting ◽

Sebastian Aeffner ◽

Justin Coetzee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Large Scale ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

African Countries ◽

Nelson Mandela ◽

Intervention Measures ◽

Before And After ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe future dynamics of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in African countries is largely unclear. Simultaneously, required strengths of intervention measures are strongly debated because containing COVID-19 in favor of the weak health care system largely conflicts with socio-economic hardships. Here we analyze the impact of interventions on outbreak dynamics for South Africa, exhibiting the largest case numbers across sub-saharan Africa, before and after their national lockdown. Past data indicate strongly reduced but still supracritical growth after lockdown. Moreover, large-scale agent-based simulations given different future scenarios for the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality with 1.14 million inhabitants, based on detailed activity and mobility survey data of about 10% of the population, similarly suggest that current containment may be insufficient to not overload local intensive care capacity. Yet, enduring, slightly stronger or more specific interventions, combined with sufficient compliance, may constitute a viable option for interventions for South Africa.

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