scholarly journals Management of drug interactions

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Houari Toumi ◽  
◽  
Fatima Boudia ◽  
Fatima Zohra Nadjet Mekaouche ◽  
Habiba Fetati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Potential Drug

The risk of drug interactions in patients increases with the increasing number of drugs in the therapeutic regimens. To avoid or reduce them, management of these interactions is imperative. This management is to identify potential drug interactions by using the appropriate resources, to judge the clinical relevance, and to act accordingly with the prescriber. This article discusses the levels of severity of drug interactions and highlights the need for their management by presenting a part of the experience of the department of Pharmacovigilance EHU Oran. The intervention of the pharmacologist turns out beneficial by helping the clinician to manage risk associations in favor of better therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects.

Potential drug interactions and side effects in an outpatient oncology clinic: a retrospective descriptive study

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aygin Bayraktar-Ekincioglu ◽  
Kutay Demirkan ◽  
Burcu Keskin ◽  
Oktay Aslantas ◽  
Evren Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Potential Drug

Lithium Side Effects in the Medically Ill

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Alexander Morton ◽  
Susan C. Sonne ◽  
R. Bruce Lydiard
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Geriatric Patient ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Medically Ill ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
General Pharmacology

Objective: This review will include the general pharmacology of lithium and discuss its effects on various organ systems, with emphasis on the medically ill patient as well as the geriatric patient with multiple medical problems. Methods: A full literature review on the side effects of lithium was performed. Attention is focused on the medically ill and possible drug interactions. Results: This review points to the numerous problems which can result in toxicity in the medically ill or the geriatric patient. Conclusion: Serious side effects can be avoided with proper drug monitoring and knowledge of potential drug interactions.

Interaction Between Low-Dose Methotrexate and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Penicillins, and Proton Pump Inhibitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill J. Hall ◽  
Monika Bolina ◽  
Trish Chatterley ◽  
Fakhreddin Jamali
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dose Methotrexate ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: To review the potential drug interactions between low-dose methotrexate (LD-MTX) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), penicillins, and proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) given the disparity between interactions reported for high-dose and low-dose MTX to help guide clinicians. Data Sources: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE (1946 to September 2016), EMBASE (1974 to September 2016), and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970 to January 2015) to identify reports describing potential drug interactions between LD-MTX and NSAIDS, penicillins, or PPIs. Reference lists of included articles were reviewed to find additional eligible articles. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All English-language observational, randomized, and pharmacokinetic (PK) studies assessing LD-MTX interactions in humans were analyzed to determine clinical relevance in making recommendations to clinicians. Clinical case reports were assigned a Drug Interaction Probability Scale score. Data Synthesis: A total of 32 articles were included (28 with NSAIDs, 3 with penicillins, and 2 with PPIs [1 including both PPI and NSAID]). Although there are some PK data to describe increased LD-MTX concentrations when NSAIDs are used concomitantly, the clinical relevance remains unclear. Based on the limited data on LD-MTX with penicillins and PPIs, no clinically meaningful interaction was identified. Conclusion: Given the available evidence, the clinical importance of the interaction between LD-MTX and NSAIDs, penicillins, and PPIs cannot be substantiated. Health care providers should assess the benefit and risk of LD-MTX regardless of concomitant drug use, including factors known to predispose patients to MTX toxicity, and continue to monitor clinical and laboratory parameters per guideline recommendations.

Psychopharmacology in Psychodermatology

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Shukla ◽  
Denis Sasseville
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Psychotropic Agents ◽  
A Current

Background: The management of psychodermatologic disease often involves the use of psychotropics by dermatologists. A general approach to the psychopharmacologic management of psychodermatological disease may be of assistance to the dermatologist. Objective: We review and provide a current psychopharmacologically based approach to management of common psychopathologies associated with psychodermatologic disorders, common side effects, and potential drug interactions that may occur with selected psychotropics. Methods: Using relevant MeSH terms, we performed a review of the literature from 1980 to 2006. Results and Conclusions: Effective psychopharmacologic management of psychodermatologic disease involves identifying and basing treatment on the associated psychopathology; familiarity with a variety of psychotropic agents, including antidepressants, anxiolytics, and antipsychotics; and the involvement of a psychiatrist when possible.

Drug-Drug Interactions in Hepatitis Patients: Do these Interactions Matter in Clinical Perspectives?

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-10
Author(s):  
Sidra Noor ◽  
Mohammad Ismail ◽  
Iqbal Haider ◽  
Faiza Khadim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
Prescribed Medicines ◽  
Pedal Edema

Introduction and aim. Hepatitis patients usually present with comorbidities and polypharmacy which increases risk of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs). We explored frequency, levels, predictors, and clinical relevance of pDDIs in hospitalized hepatitis patients. Methods. Retrospective cohort study was used. Clinical profiles of 413 hepatitis patients were reviewed for pDDIs using Micromedex-DrugReax. Frequency, levels and clinical relevance of pDDIs were reported. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds-ratios for predictors. Results. Of total 413 patients, pDDIs were reported in 55.2%. Major-pDDIs were found in 35% patients. Total 660 pDDIs were identified, of which, 304 (46%) were of major-severity and 299 (45%) of moderate-severity. Patient’s profiles of top-10 major-pDDIs were presented with signs/symptoms such as fever, hepatomegaly, anorexia, jaundice, hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia, & pedal edema; and abnormalities in labs such as electrolytes-level, alanine aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, bilirubin-level, & serum creatinine. Significant association was observed for the presence of pDDIs with >9 prescribed medicines (p < 0.001), hospitalization of >5 days (p = 0.03), and stroke as comorbidity (p = 0.05). Moreover, odds of exposure to major-pDDIs were significantly higher in patients taking >9 prescribed medicines (p < 0.001), hospitalization of >5 days (p = 0.002), and stroke as comorbidity (p = 0.002). Conclusion. We observed hepatitis patients present with a considerable number of clinically relevant pDDIs. Attention should be given to widespread major-pDDIs and their potential adverse outcomes. Clinically relevant parameters, such as labs and signs/symptoms should be monitored particularly in high risk patients having polypharmacy, prolong hospitalization, and stroke as comorbidity.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of potential drug–drug interactions in a pediatric intensive care unit: A single-center retrospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246754
Author(s):  
Yu Hyeon Choi ◽  
In Hwa Lee ◽  
Mihee Yang ◽  
Yoon Sook Cho ◽  
Yun Hee Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Units

Despite the high prevalence of potential drug–drug interactions in pediatric intensive care units, their clinical relevance and significance are unclear. We assessed the characteristics and risk factors of clinically relevant potential drug–drug interactions to facilitate their efficient monitoring in pediatric intensive care units. This retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical records of 159 patients aged <19 years who were hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit at Seoul National University Hospital (Seoul, Korea) for ≥3 days between August 2019 and February 2020. Potential drug–drug interactions were screened using the Micromedex Drug-Reax® system. Clinical relevance of each potential drug–drug interaction was reported with official terminology, magnitude of severity, and causality, and the association with the patient’s clinical characteristics was assessed. In total, 115 patients (72.3%) were exposed to 592 potential interactions of 258 drug pairs. In 16 patients (10.1%), 22 clinically relevant potential drug–drug interactions were identified for 19 drug pairs. Approximately 70% of the clinically relevant potential drug–drug interactions had a severity grade of ≥3. Exposure to potential drug–drug interactions was significantly associated with an increase in the number of administrated medications (6–7 medications, p = 0.006; ≥8, p<0.001) and prolonged hospital stays (1–2 weeks, p = 0.035; ≥2, p = 0.049). Moreover, clinically relevant potential drug–drug interactions were significantly associated with ≥8 prescribed drugs (p = 0.019), hospitalization for ≥2 weeks (p = 0.048), and ≥4 complex chronic conditions (p = 0.015). Most potential drug–drug interactions do not cause clinically relevant adverse outcomes in pediatric intensive care units. However, because the reactions that patients experience from clinically relevant potential drug–drug interactions are often very severe, there is a medical need to implement an appropriate monitoring system for potential drug–drug interactions according to the pediatric intensive care unit characteristics.

OTC Orlistat Poses Potential Drug Interactions

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH MECHCATIE
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Potential Drug

Recent Advances in the Development of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs): Attempts for Sustainable Medicine?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 2503-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kokel ◽  
Marianna Torok
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Background: Since the first isolation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) they have attracted extensive interest in medicinal chemistry. However, only a few AMP-based drugs are currently available on the market. Despite their effectiveness, biodegradability, and versatile mode of action that is less likely to induce resistance compared to conventional antibiotics, AMPs suffer from major issues that need to be addressed to broaden their use. Notably, AMPs can lack selectivity leading to side effects and cytotoxicity, and also exhibit in vivo instability. Several strategies are being actively considered to overcome the limitations that restrain the success of AMPs. Methods: In the current work, recent strategies reported for improving AMPs in the context of drug design and delivery were surveyed, and also their possible impact on patients and the environment was assessed. Results: As a major advantage AMPs possess an easily tunable skeleton offering opportunities to improve their properties. Strategic structural modifications and the beneficial properties of cyclic or branched AMPs in term of stability have been reported. The conjugation of AMPs with nanoparticles has also been explored to increase their in vivo stability. Other techniques such as the coupling of AMPs with specific antibodies aim to increase the selectivity of the potential drug towards the target. These strategies were evaluated for their effect on the environment highlighting green technologies. Conclusion: Although further research is needed taking into account both environmental and human health consequences of novel AMPs, several of these compounds are promising drug candidates for use in sustainable medicine.

Nanotechnological Innovations Enhancing the Topical Therapeutic Efficacy of Quercetin: A Succinct Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-278
Author(s):  
Maha Nasr ◽  
Rawan Al-Karaki
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Topical Delivery ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Therapeutic Activity ◽  
Dermatological Diseases ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Topical Applications

Nanotechnology is currently a hot topic in dermatology and nutraceutical/cosmeceutical delivery, owing to the advantages it provides in terms of enhancing the skin permeation of drugs, as well as increasing their therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of different dermatological diseases. There is also a great interest in the topical delivery of nutraceuticals; which are natural compounds with both therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, in order to overcome the side effects of topically applied chemical drugs. Quercetin is a key nutraceutical with topical antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which was reported to be effective in the treatment of different dermatological diseases, however, its topical therapeutic activity is hindered by its poor skin penetration. This review highlights the topical applications of quercetin, and summarizes the nanocarrier-based solutions to its percutaneous delivery challenges.

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