Asian Blepharoplasty: A Review of the Ethnocultural Motivations and Ethical Implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Kai Lim
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Asian Descent

Asian blepharoplasty is a well-established and popular surgical procedure among individuals of East Asian descent, primarily concerned with creating a well-defined upper eyelid crease. The academic literature on this procedure has been mainly dedicated to surgical techniques and anatomical considerations. However, the popularity of this procedure that purports to modify race-typical features among Asians has generated debates on its wider social implications. This review discusses the anatomy of the Asian upper eyelid as well as ethnocultural and ethical implications of the Asian blepharoplasty.

scholarly journals Complications and Pitfalls in Maxillofacial Trauma

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Vidya Rattan ◽  
Sachin Rai ◽  
Shikha Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Trauma Surgeon ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Fixation Devices ◽  
And Function ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT Complications and pitfalls are unavoidable sequel of any surgical procedure. Although advances have been made in surgical techniques and fixation devices, these are far from ideal. The aim of trauma surgeon is to restore the patient to pre-injury form and function, but it may not be possible in each and every case. Treatment failure and poor outcome in a case of severe maxillofacial trauma is not uncommon. This is mainly dependent upon the extent of injury, delay in management, improper diagnosis, wrong treatment plan, poor execution of a treatment plan, wrong choice of fixation devices, inexperience of the surgeon and inability to seek help from other specialists, etc. The objective of this article is to discuss and analyze common complications and pitfalls along with the various methods and modalities to prevent and manage it. How to cite this article Rattan V, Rai S, Yadav S. Complications and Pitfalls in Maxillofacial Trauma. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2014;48(2):91-97.

Contemplating the Future of Collective Security in East Asia

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Nanako Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
International Law ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Security System ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
East Asians ◽  
National Sovereignty ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Peace And Security

Abstract It is quite often argued in the legal and political literatures that Asian nations tend to be more protective of their national sovereignty and thus are often reluctant to follow universal rules or principles provided in international legal materials and texts. Does this “conservative” image of Asian nations correctly reflect the national practices and academic literature of East Asian nations? How do we East Asians perceive the UN collective security system invented at the price of two catastrophic world wars in the 20th century? And why do East Asians need international law to keep peace and security in this region? By trying to find answers to these questions, this article contemplates what role international law will be able to play for the maintenance of peace and security in East Asia.

scholarly journals Patients Prescribed Anakinra for Acute Gout Have Baseline Increased Burden of Hyperuricemia, Tophi, and Comorbidities, and Ultimate All-Cause Mortality

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117954411989085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ena Sharma ◽  
Brian Pedersen ◽  
Robert Terkeltaub
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Acute Gout ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Asian Descent ◽  
Statin Prescription ◽  
Baseline Factors

Objective: The interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist anakinra is an effective, off-label option in acute gout flares, when conventional therapy options are narrowed. We performed a retrospective, randomized, case-controlled study to gain clinical insight on baseline factors for gout patients most likely to receive anakinra, and ultimate mortality of those who received anakinra. Methods: Of 1451 gout patients seen between January 2003 and January 2015 in a Veterans Affairs (VA) rheumatology group practice, under stringent managed care principles, 13 (100% male), who received anakinra at least once for flares, were compared with 1:4 age- and sex-matched gout controls. Each patient’s first rheumatology encounter was studied by factor analysis for variables associated with later anakinra. Results: At baseline, patients that received anakinra had higher urate burden (palpable tophi [10/13] vs controls [16/52], P = .003), serum urate ([10.6 mg/dL] vs controls [7.6 mg/dL], P < .0001), and East Asian descent ([7/13] vs [16/52], P = .041). The anakinra group had higher ultimate all-cause mortality ([6/13] vs controls [7/52], relative risk [RR] = 3.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.39-8.48, P = .0076). Factor analysis showed baseline visit palpable tophus and statin use to be most strongly associated with later anakinra use. Increased mortality of anakinra users, as per a factorial analysis, was linked more strongly to comorbidities than to anakinra. Conclusions: At baseline rheumatology gout encounter, higher urate, palpable tophi, statin prescription, and East Asian descent were associated with later anakinra use for flares. Mortality was more closely associated to the presence of comorbidities at baseline rheumatology visit than to anakinra prescription.

scholarly journals Industry professionalisation of strata title managers: what are the implications for governance?

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Altmann
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the rise of strata manager as a newly emergent profession and note their impact on the governance within medium and high density, strata titled housing such as flats, apartments, town-houses and CIDs. Design/methodology/approach – This research presents finding from a small scale, qualitative research project focused on the interaction between the owner committee of management and strata managers. Findings – The introduction mandatory certification is championed by industry bodies. The strata managers considered they already demonstrated valuable attributes desired by committees of management. These differed to the attributes targeted by the new training regime, and the attributes valued by the committees of management. Research limitations/implications – This is a small scale pilot study. A larger study will need to be undertaken to confirm these results. Practical implications – There is a disjunct between the training and what strata managers consider relevant to undertaking their duties. This has significance for the ongoing governance of these properties and industry professionalisation. The resilience of Australia’s densification policies will depend on how learning will translate into better governance outcomes for owners. Social implications – One in three people within Australia’s eastern states lives or owns property within strata titled complex (apartments, flats and townhouse developments). The increasing number of strata managers and professionalisation within their industry has the ability to impact an increasing number of people. Originality/value – The impact of this new profession, and their requirements in terms of expertise has not been fully considered within existing academic literature.

Ethnic Rhinoplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (04) ◽  
pp. 313-321
Author(s):  
Roxana Cobo
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Caucasian Patients

AbstractEthnic rhinoplasty traditionally has been used to define this surgical procedure performed on non-Caucasian patients. Because of globalization, massive migrations, and interracial mixing, ethnic patients today are considered mixed race patients. Surgical techniques should be based not on what ethnic group they belong to but on anatomical findings and patients' needs and wishes. Preservation techniques are presented and structural approaches are discussed using sutures and grafts. The final objectives of rhinoplasty are better definition, more refined appearance, and compliance with patients' aesthetic ideals while preserving function.

scholarly journals Developing precision medicine for people of East Asian descent

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy L. McAllister ◽  
Katherine Sun ◽  
Eric R. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Descent

Genetic variation in vitamin D-related genes and risk of breast cancer among women of European and East Asian descent

Tumor Biology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 6379-6387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Shi ◽  
Anne Grundy ◽  
Harriet Richardson ◽  
Igor Burstyn ◽  
Johanna M. Schuetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Descent

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Depression among Training Physicians in China: A Comparison to the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Chen ◽  
Zhuo Zhao ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The United States ◽  
Training System ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Us ◽  
Asian Descent ◽  
Predictors Of Depression ◽  
Early Family

AbstractResident physician training is associated with a substantial increase in depression in the United States, with rates increasing from about 4% before internship to 35% at least once during the first year of residency1.Here, we sought to assess whether the rate of depression among residents in China are similar to their US counterparts and identify the common and differential predictors of depression in the two training systems. We assessed 1006 residents across three cohorts (2016-2019) at 16 affiliated hospitals of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Peking Union Medical College. In parallel, we assessed three cohorts of 7028 residents at 100+ US institutions.At the Chinese institutions, similarly, the proportion of participants who met depression criteria increased from 9% prior to residency to 35% at least once during the first year of residency (P<0.0001), an increase similar in magnitude to residents during internship in US institutions. Among factors assessed before residency, prior history of depression and depressive symptom score at baseline were common factors associated with depression during residency in both China and the US. In contrast, neuroticism and early family environment were strongly associated with depression risk in the US but not in China. Young age was a predictor of depression in China but not in the US sample. Among residency training factors, long duty hours and reduced sleep duration emerged as predictors of depression in both China and the US.To gain insight into whether differences in personal predictors between the residents in China compared to the US residents were driven more by differences between cohorts, or by training system differences, we compared US residents of East Asian descent to other US and Chinese residents. We found that for most predictors (age, Neuroticism, early family environment), US residents of East Asian descent were more similar to other US residents than to the residents training in China.Overall, the magnitude of depression increase and work-related drivers of depression were similar between China and the US, suggesting a need for system reforms, and that the types of effective reforms may be similar across the two systems.

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