ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATE FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTION OF THALASSEMIC PATIENTS IN THI-QAR PROVINCE

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common type of pathogen that causes Urinary tract infection disease. It can be presented as a pathogenic or non-pathogenic strain and found not only in the animal but also in the human intestine. This bacterium can cause opportunistic infection when the human host comprised of thalassemia patients or changes the healthy hemostatic flora. This study aimed to analyze the presence of bacteria in thalassemia patients with urinary tract infection. A total of 303 samples were collected during the period from August 2019 to January 2020 from thalassemia patients who suffered from urinary tract infection. The results showed that there were 6.9% of patients infected with E. coli, 2.6% of patients were infected with S. aureus, 0.7% with both Proteus and Klebsiella, while 89.1% of patients had a negative sample for bacteria. Also, the incidence of urinary tract infections in females is higher than in males. Besides, its occurrence in rural areas is higher than in city residents. Moreover, among 16 antibiotics tested to sensitize bacteria to antibiotics, Imipenem showed 100% efficacy on all isolated bacteria. In contrast, Netilmicin showed 80.1% efficacy, Gentamycin 80.1%, and Amikacin 76.2%. Ampicillin, Aztreonam, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid, Tetracycline, and Ticarcillin-Clavulanic Acid, did not show any effectiveness toward the bacteria while other antibiotics showed different activities. Furthermore, the isolated microbes from thalassemia patients were the highest resistance to antibiotics in comparison with other studies, and this antibiotic-resistant may be due to the weakening of the patient's immune status and frequent blood taking and the antibodies it contains.

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Antibiotic Susceptibility of Escherichia Coli Isolate from Urinary Tract Infection Of Thalassemic Patients in Thi-Qar Province

Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry - Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 28, No. 28, 2020 ◽

10.37633/sbjc.28(28)2020.22-33 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (28) ◽

pp. 22-33

Author(s):

Alaa Abood Yasir Okab ◽

Manal Salih

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

E Coli ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽

Tract Infections

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common type of pathogen that causes Urinary tract infection disease. It can be presented as pathogenic or non-pathogenic strain and found not only in the animal but also in the human intestine. This bacterium can cause opportunistic infection when the human host comprised of thalassemia patients or changes the healthy hemostatic flora. This study aimed to analyze the presence of bacteria in thalassemia patients with urinary tract infection. A total of 303 samples were collected during the period from August 2019 to January 2020 from thalassemia patients who suffered from urinary tract infection. The results showed that there were 6.9% of patients infected with E. coli, 2.6% of patients were infected with S. aureus, 0.7% with both Proteus and Klebsiella, while 89.1% of patients had a negative sample for bacteria. Also, the incidence of urinary tract infections in females is higher than in males. Besides, its occurrence in rural areas is higher than in city residents. Moreover, among 16 antibiotics tested to sensitize bacteria to antibiotics, Imipenem showed 100% efficacy on all isolated bacteria. In contrast, Netilmicin showed 80.1% efficacy, Gentamycin 80.1%, and Amikacin 76.2%. Ampicillin, Aztreonam, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid, Tetracycline, and Ticarcillin-Clavulanic Acid, did not show any effectiveness toward the bacteria while other antibiotics showed different activities. Furthermore, the isolated microbes from thalassemia patients were the highest resistance to antibiotics in comparison with other studies, and this antibiotic-resistant may be due to the weakening of the patient's immune status and frequent blood taking and the antibodies it contains.

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Etiological and Resistance Profile of Bacteria Involved in Urinary Tract Infections in Young Children

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/4909452 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Antonio Sorlózano-Puerto ◽

José María Gómez-Luque ◽

Juan de Dios Luna-del-Castillo ◽

José María Navarro-Marí ◽

José Gutiérrez-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Total Activity ◽

Geographic Area ◽

E Coli ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Reduced Activity

Background.The objective of this study was to identify the bacteria most frequently responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI) in the population of under-2-year-olds in our geographic area and to evaluate the activity of antibiotics widely used for UTI treatment during a 4-year study period.Materials and Methods.A retrospective analysis was conducted of data on the identification and susceptibility of microorganisms isolated in urine samples from children under 2 years of age.Results.A total of 1,045 uropathogens were isolated.Escherichia coliaccounted for the majority (60.3%) of these, followed byEnterococcus faecalis(22.4%) andKlebsiellaspp. (6.5%). The highestE. colisusceptibility rates (>90%) were to piperacillin-tazobactam, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin, and the lowest were to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cotrimoxazole. Among all bacteria isolated, we highlight the overall high activity of piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin against both community and hospital isolates and the reduced activity of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, gentamicin, and cotrimoxazole. There was no significant change in the total activity of any of the studied antibiotics over the 4-year study period.Conclusion.Empiric treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cotrimoxazole, cephalosporins, and gentamicin may be inadequate due to their limited activity against uropathogens in our setting.

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli among Tunisian Outpatients with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection (2012-2018)

Current Urology ◽

10.1159/000499238 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 200-205

Author(s):

Nawel Daoud ◽

Manel Hamdoun ◽

Hela Hannachi ◽

Chedlia Gharsallah ◽

Wiem Mallekh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽

Susceptibility Patterns

Introduction: Community-acquired urinary tract infection is one of the most common reasons for consultation in everyday practice; it represents a major source of antibiotic consumption. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the main pathogen incriminated. Objective:· The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired uropathogenic E coli throughout a 7-year period. Methodology: All strains of E. coli isolated from urine samples between January 1st 2012 and December 31st 2018 were included. Presence of ≥ 103 CFU/ml in urine culture media was considered as significant for urinary tract infection. The identification of E. coli strains was realized using standard laboratory techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to the CA-SFM/ EUCAST criteria. Results: A total of 1,335 E. coli strains were isolated. Overall susceptibility rates to antimicrobial agents were as follows: ampicillin 39.1%, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 64.9%, cefotaxime 94.9%, trimethoprim/sulfamethox-azole 67.6%, ciprofloxacin 89.2%, ofloxacin 86.9%, amikacin 98.6%, gentamicin 93.9%, nitrofurantoin 97.6% and fosfomycin 99.3%. All isolates were susceptible to carbapenems. The frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing E. coli strains was 4.7%. Susceptibility rates of E. coli for ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and amikacin remained relatively stable over the study period, whereas susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime and fluoroquinolones showed a 2-phase pattern. As for gentamicin, a continuous decrease in susceptibility rates was observed. Conclusion: Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of uropathogenic E. coli are constantly changing, due to modifications in the antibiogram interpretation criteria and antibiotic prescription habits. Rigorous surveillance of resistance rate is necessary to determine appropriate empirical treatment and limit the spread of multiresistant strains.

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Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection byEscherichia coliin the Era of Antibiotic Resistance

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/7656752 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Dong Sup Lee ◽

Seung-Ju Lee ◽

Hyun-Sop Choe

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

E Coli ◽

Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused byEscherichia coli (E. coli)are the most common types of infections in women. The antibiotic resistance ofE. coliis increasing rapidly, causing physicians to hesitate when selecting oral antibiotics. In this review, our objective is to ensure that clinicians understand the current seriousness of antibiotic-resistantE. coli, the mechanisms by which resistance is selected for, and methods that can be used to prevent antibiotic resistance.

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Evaluation of ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase) Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection by Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods

10.21203/rs.3.rs-23726/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hasan Namaei ◽

Hengameh Hamzei ◽

Marzie Moghanni ◽

Azadeh Ebrahimzadeh

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

M Gene ◽

Esbl Producer ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

E Coli ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection in the world. E. coli is the predominant Pathogen. This study evaluates the prevalence of ESBL in E. colis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections with phenotypic and genotypic methods.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was done on 155 isolates of E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection who had received the study consent. After accurate identification of E. coli strains. ESBL production for Escherichia coli isolates which are resistant to ceftriaxone or ceftazidime was evaluated by CDT method. TEM, SHV and CTX-M genes were identified by PCR.Results: The results showed that 30 strains from 155 strains of E. coli had ESBL. Strains of ESBL producer were more in males was lower in educated persons. 38.9% of ESBL producer had antibiotic use, 29.9% -producing Escherichia hospitalization and 31.6% uti history. The highest level of drug allergy in the ESBL was related to nitrofurantoin, and the highest resistance was related to cefazolin, co-trimoxazole. The CTX-M and the CTX-M15 gene were found in 92.7% and 57.1% of cases, respectively; also the SHV and TEM genes were not found in any of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains. Most therapeutic response in patients was related to cefexime, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin 27.4%, 26% 21.9%, respectively.Conclusion: This study showed that the history of antibiotic use, hospitalization, uti related to increase of ESBL-producing in E. coli isolates., the CTMX-M gene is the most common gene in ESBL-producing E. coli strains.

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Prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Samples of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit in Qom, Iran

Gene Cell and Tissue ◽

10.5812/gct.102700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Shima Sadat Lesani ◽

Mohammad Soleimani ◽

Pegah Shakib ◽

Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Intensive Care Units ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli is considered as one of the causes of opportunistic infections. Nowadays, due to the increase in drug resistance, the treatment of these infections has become very difficult and they are recognized as the main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes in E. coli strains isolated from the urinary tract infection in patients in Intensive Care Units of three different hospitals in Qom, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in three months from October to December 2014. A total of 200 E. coli samples were taken from the patients with urinary tract infections in Intensive Care units of Qom hospital. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility pattern of antibiotic and phenotypic confirmatory tests for screening of the expanded spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) isolates. The presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes was evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Of 200 samples, ampicillin (96%) and nitrofurantoin (19.5%) showed the highest and lowest drug resistance, respectively. A total of 156 isolates (78%) were identified as ESBLs using the phenotypic method. Moreover, 76 (38%), 90 (45%), and 123 (61.5%) isolates consisted of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of this study showed that blaTEM was the most common gene with a frequency of 61.5% in ESBL E. coli.

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Avaliação do Perfil de Sensibilidade aos Antibióticos na Infeção Urinária da Comunidade

Acta Médica Portuguesa ◽

10.20344/amp.5352 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 737 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rui Passadouro ◽

Raquel Fonseca ◽

Felícia Figueiredo ◽

Andreia Lopes ◽

Cristina Fernandes

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Empirical Therapy ◽

Activity Level ◽

E Coli ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽

Tract Infections

Introduction: The urinary tract infections, after respiratory infections, are the most common in the community. The knowledge about the prevalence of microbial strains and their antibiotic susceptibility is crucial to establish an effective empirical therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from positive urine cultures performed in patients from the central region of Portugal. Material and Methods: We carried out a documental analysis of 6008 urine bacteriological exams, to be made available to physicians, most of which run through the automated system VITEK 2, bioMérieux. The majority (80%) of the urine bacteriological exams were from female. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial pathogen (65.9%), followed by Klebsiella spp (12%). Results: Nitrofurantoin showed high levels of activity (96%) for Escherichia coli, as well as Fosfomycin (96.6%). Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid presents an activity level of only 81.1% for the same germ. Quinolones exhibit efficacy to only 78% of the strains of Escherichia coli, below the Fosfomycin and Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin showed high levels of activity (96%) for E. coli as well as Fosfomycin (96.6%). Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid presents a level of activity of only 81.1% for the same germ. The quinolones have a efficacy for only 78% of strains of E. coli, lower than Fosfomycin. Discussion: Escherichia Coli was the most prevalent uropathogen (65.9%). High efficacy against this pathogenic agent was found for Fosfomycin (96.6%) and Nitrofurantoin (96%). Conclusion: Further antimicrobial surveillance studies should be developed, in order to formulate local empirical therapy recommendations for optimized therapeutical choices. Keywords: Urinary Tract Infections; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Community-Acquired Infections.

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ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR STUDY OF SOME BACTERIAL URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS OF SHEEP IN BASRAH PROVINCE

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v51i3.1043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 885-893

Author(s):

Mohammed & et al.

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Molecular Study ◽

E Coli ◽

Causative Agents ◽

Vitek 2 ◽

Tract Infections

This study was aimed isolation and molecular detection of some causative agents of urinary tract infection (cystitis and pyelonephritis). Out of 108 tested urine samples (56 from females and 52 from males); 60 samples (55.55%) have infected with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 36 (64.2%) females and 24 (46.1%) males. The sixty infected samples contain from 56 E. coli and (4) K. pneumoniae, this samples identified by Vitek 2 (44 isolates E. coli and 2 isolates K. pneumoniae) were subjected to DNA extraction. A total of 44 E. coli isolates detected to FimH and pai genes. 44/44 (100%) were positive for presence of FimH gene, and 20/44 (45.45%) were positive for presence of pai gene. The two isolates of K. pneumoniae which detection of Ecpa gene and given positive result to this gene 100%.

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Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli is associated with antibiotic resistance and urinary tract infection symptomatology

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11726

Author(s):

Verónica I. Martínez-Santos ◽

María Ruíz-Rosas ◽

Arturo Ramirez- Peralta ◽

Oscar Zaragoza García ◽

Luis Armando Resendiz-Reyes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

E Coli ◽

Ambulatory Patients ◽

Tract Infections

Background Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the causative agent of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in ambulatory patients. However, enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), an emergent bacterial pathogen that causes persistent diarrhoea, has recently been associated with UTIs. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of EAEC virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, as well as biofilm production of UPEC isolates obtained from ambulatory patients with non-complicated UTIs that attended to the ISSSTE clinic in Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico, and correlate these with the patients’ urinary tract infection symptomatology. Methods One hundred clinical isolates were obtained. The identification of clinical isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) production were performed using the Vitek automated system. Assignment of E. coli phylogenetic groups was performed using the quadruplex phylo-group assignment PCR assay. UPEC virulence genes (hlyA, fimH, papC, iutA, and cnf1) and EAEC virulence genes (aap, aggR, and aatA) were detected by multiple PCR. Results We found that 22% of the isolates carried the aggR gene and were classified as UPEC/EAEC. The main phylogenetic group was B2 (44.1% were UPEC and 77.27% UPEC/EAEC isolates, respectively). Over half of the UPEC/EAEC isolates (63.64%) were obtained from symptomatic patients, however the aatA gene was the only one found to be associated with the risk of developing pyelonephritis (OR = 5.15, p = 0.038). A total of 77.71% of the UPEC/EAEC isolates were ESBL producers and 90.91% multidrug-resistant (MDR). In conclusion, UPEC/EAEC isolates are more frequent in symptomatic patients and the aatA gene was associated with a higher risk of developing pyelonephritis, along with UPEC genes hlyA and cfn1. UPEC/EAEC isolates obtained from UTI showed ESBL production and MDR.

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Faecal Escherichia coli from patients with E. coli urinary tract infection and healthy controls who have never had a urinary tract infection

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.068783-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 582-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Karen L. Nielsen ◽

Pia Dynesen ◽

Preben Larsen ◽

Niels Frimodt-Møller

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Multidrug Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Faecal Flora ◽

E Coli ◽

Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are primarily caused by Escherichia coli with the patient’s own faecal flora acting as a reservoir for the infecting E. coli. Here we sought to characterize the E. coli faecal flora of UTI patients and healthy controls who had never had a UTI. Up to 20 E. coli colonies from each rectal swab were random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typed for clonality, dominance in the sample and correlation to the infecting UTI isolate in patients. Each distinct clone was phylotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Eighty-seven per cent of the UTI patients carried the infecting strain in their faecal flora, and faecal clones causing UTI were more often dominant in the faecal flora. Patients had a larger diversity of E. coli in their gut flora by carrying more unique E. coli clones compared to controls, and patient faecal clones were more often associated with multidrug resistance compared to controls. We found a similar phylotype distribution of faecal clones from UTI patients and healthy controls, including a large proportion of B2 isolates in the control group. Faecal-UTI isolates from patients were more often associated with multidrug resistance compared to faecal-only clones, indicating a link between UTI virulence and antimicrobial resistance. Intake of any antibiotic less than 6 months prior to inclusion in the experiment occurred significantly more in patients with UTI than in controls. In contrast, presence of an intrauterine device was significantly more common in controls indicating a protective effect against UTI. In conclusion, healthy controls have a large proportion of potentially pathogenic E. coli phylotypes in their faecal flora without this causing infection.

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