scholarly journals Study of the influence of technological processes on the breaking of any fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
A. A. Dulat ◽  
M. B. Otynshiyev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Grinding Machine

In this work, research has been carried out on changes in the linear density of bast fibers during processing on a hammer, clog and carding machine. Physical and mechanical properties of fibers before and after processing are determined. According to the results of the study showed that the linear density of fibers on the meat machine does not depend on the number of treatments, the average fineness of hemp fibers after the meat machine is 25.8 tex. In addition, the study shows that it is possible to offer a technology for processing short hemp fiber, after which you can get a more bleached and thinner linear density fiber. The average fiber fineness after all technological processes on the grinding machine, hammer mill and carding is 21.3 tex.

FTIR Spectroscopy Analysis of PLA Biocomposites Reinforced with Hemp Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Anete Smoca
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Molded Parts ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of polylactide (PLA) biocomposites reinforced with hemp fibers were analyzed. Three samples of biocomposites with different proportions of hemp fibers in the PLA matrix were compared. Hemp and PLA fibers in biocomposite were evenly blended using carding technology. Samples before and after water absorption were compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermoset treated polylactide and hemp fiber biocomposites have high mechanical properties, that allow to reduce the number of materials in the product. The developed biocomposite can be used as a slab material and for molded parts of furniture, etc.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Types of Fibers on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of MICP-Treated Calcareous Sand

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Jitong Zhao ◽  
Huawei Tong ◽  
Yi Shan ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Qiuwang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Hemp Fiber

Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has been a promising method to improve geotechnical engineering properties through the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on the contact and surface of soil particles in recent years. In the present experiment, water absorption and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were carried out to investigate the effects of three different fiber types (glass fiber, polyester fiber, and hemp fiber) on the physical and mechanical properties of MICP-treated calcareous sand. The fibers used were at 0%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%, and 0.40% relative to the weight of the sand. The results showed that the failure strain and ductility of the samples could be improved by adding fibers. Compared to biocemented sand (BS), the water absorption of these three fiber-reinforced biocemented sands were, respectively, decreased by 11.60%, 21.18%, and 7.29%. UCS was, respectively, increased by 24.20%, 60.76%, and 6.40%. Polyester fiber produced the best effect, followed by glass fiber and hemp fiber. The optimum contents of glass fiber and polyester fiber were 0.20% and 0.25%, respectively. The optimum content of hemp fiber was within the range of 0.20–0.25%. Light-emitting diode (LED) microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images lead to the conclusion that only a little calcite precipitation had occurred around the hemp fiber, leading to a poor bonding effect compared to the glass and polyester fibers. It was therefore suggested that polyester fiber should be used to improve the properties of biocemented sand.

Influence of different concentrations of fibrinogen on the properties of a fibrin matrix for vascular tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Vera G. Matveeva ◽  
Mariam Yu. Khanova ◽  
Tatyana V. Glushkova ◽  
Larisa V. Antonova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Fibrin Matrix ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Aim. To evaluate the potential utility of fibrin matrices containing 10, 20, and 25 mg/ml of fibrinogen (fibrin-10, fibrin-20, and fibrin-30, respectively) in vascular tissue engineering (VTE). Materials and Methods. Fibrinogen was isolated using the method of ethanol cryoprecipitation and polymerized using a solution of thrombin and CaCl2. The fibrin structure was studied in a scanning electron microscope, and the physical and mechanical properties of the material were tested on a Zwick/Roell test machine. The metabolic activity of endothelial cells (EC) on the fibrin surface was evaluated by the MTT assay, and the viability of fibroblasts in the thickness of fibrin and possibility for migration by in fluorescent and light microscopy. Percent of fibrin shrinkage was determined from the difference in the sample volumes before and after removal of moisture. Results. The fiber diameter did not differ among all fibrin samples, but the pore diameter in fibrin-30 was smaller than those in fibrin-10 and fibrin-20. A possibility for migration of fibroblasts into the depth of the fibrin matrix and preservation of 97-100% viability of cells at a depth 5 mm was confirmed. The metabolic activity of EC on the surface of fibrin-20 and fibrin-30 exceeded that on collagen, fibronectin, and fibrin-10. All fibrin samples shrank in volume to 95.5-99.5%, and the highest shrinkage was seen in fibrin-10. The physical and mechanical properties of fibrin were inferior to those of human A. mammaria by a factor of 10. Conclusion. Fibrin with fibrinogen concentrations of 20 and 30 mg/ml maintains a high metabolic and proliferative activity of EC on the surface and also a high viability of fibroblasts in the matrix. Its availability, ease of preparation, and a number of other favorable properties make fibrin a promising material for VTE. However, the problem of insufficient strength requires further investigations.

Investigation of the Mechanical Behavior of Natural Vegetable Fibers Used in Composite Materials for Structural Strengthening

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Ivelina Ivanova ◽  
Jules Assih ◽  
Dimitar Dontchev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Hemp Fibers

This research aims at studying the mechanical properties of industrial hemp fibers and promoting their use as a reinforcing composite material for strengthening of civil engineering structures. Natural hemp fibers are of great interest due to the following advantages they have: low cost, high strength-to-weight ratio, low density and non-corrosive properties. The use of plant fiber composite materials has increased significantly in recent years because of the negative reduction impact on the environment. For example, the tendency to use renewable resources and their possibility for recycling. They cause fewer health and environmental problems than synthetic fibers. Natural fibers, in addition to environmental aspects, have advantages such as low densities, i.e. have low weight, interesting mechanical properties comparable to those of synthetic fiber materials, and last but not least, low cost. Composites based on natural plant fibers can be used to reinforce or repair reinforced concrete structures, as shown by research on flax fiber composites. These concretes specimens strengthened with biocomposite materials have very good resistance to bending and significantly increase the rigidity of the structure. The results show that the hemp fiber reinforcement has significant effects on the strengthening and increase in flexural strength from 8% to 35 %.

Effect of polyester and elastane linear density on the physical and mechanical properties of dual-core-spun cotton yarns

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Usman Tariq ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Abdul Basit ◽  
AbdulMoqeet Hai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Dual Core

scholarly journals Artificial Thermal Decay: Influence of Mineralogy and Microstructure of Sandstone, Calcarenite and Marble

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012123
Author(s):  
Andrea Aquino ◽  
Stefano Pagnotta ◽  
Marco Lezzerini
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Decay ◽  
Ornamental Stone ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Ornamental Stones ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Volume Measurements

Abstract Within a major framework of studies around artificial weathering and its effects on different lithotypes, in this work we study the effects of thermal stresses after artificial thermal decay on different types of stones used in historical buildings: a sandstone, a calcarenite and a marble. The sandstone belongs to the so called “Macigno” Formation and mainly outcrops along the northern Apennine (North Western Tuscany) and it has been widely used around Tuscany for building purposes (e.g., in Florence, Lucca, Pisa, Pistoia, etc.); the analysed calcarenite (Gravina) comes from the surrounding of Matera Town and has been deeply used for the construction of the ancient buildings of the town itself; and the marble comes from the Carrara marble district (Northern Tuscany), a highly used stone throughout the centuries as ornamental stone. All these types of stone for their physical and mechanical properties, and aesthetic appearance, have been extensively used as both ornamental stones and as construction materials. To reproduce a plausible effect of natural thermal decay of the stones due to day-to-night and season-to-season fluctuations, we subjected the samples to artificial thermal decay. We carried out different thermal cycles on the samples by using a stove at 150°C and a muffle furnace at 300°C and 450°C. We analysed the physical and mechanical properties before and after each cycle to compare and evaluate the effects of thermal stresses on the stones. Among the different analyses: mass and volume measurements, water absorption tests, mercury intrusion porosimetry, thin-section observations and determination of chromatic alterations through image analysis and Munsell charts method. It was then possible to evaluate the influence of both mineralogy and microstructures on thermal decay of the studied stones (variations in fabric and modifications on physical and mechanical properties).

Study of the Aging of Cold-Cured SKU-PFL Type Polyurethane Filled with Waste Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Tatyana R. Safiullina ◽  
Elvira N. Nurieva ◽  
Lyubov A. Zenitova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Petrochemical Production ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Material Quality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microsoft Office

The article describes the results of aging of samples of cold-cured molded polyurethanes of SKU-PFL brand filled with zeolite and silica gel - wastes of petrochemical production. The samples were aged under normal climatic conditions for 5 years. Filling of the samples varied from 10 to 50 %wt. Investigations of physical and mechanical properties of the samples before and after aging were carried out, the basic indicators of material quality were calculated using Microsoft Office Excel package. As a result of researches it was established that after aging the basic physical and mechanical properties of cast polyurethanes of SKU-PFL brand of cold curing filled with zeolite and silica gel change insignificantly, however the best resistance to aging are in samples with 20 %wt. zeolite and 10 %wt. silica gel filling both before and after aging that allowed to recommend them for long-term use of articles.

Mechanical Investigation of Hemp Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene with Different Types of MAPP Compatibilizer

2007 ◽  
Vol 537-538 ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Mezey ◽  
Tibor Czigány
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Matrix Surface ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mechanical Investigation

Mechanical properties of hemp fiber reinforced polypropylene were investigated. Hemp fibers were carded together with polypropylene fibers, and needle punched. Composites were prepared by hot pressing of the PP/hemp mats. Hemp content was varied between 0 and 50 % by weight, in 10% steps. A treatment with two different maleic anhydride grafted polypropylenes was applied in order to increase the fiber/matrix surface adhesion. Tensile, three-point bending and Charpy tests were carried out on the treated and untreated composites.

scholarly journals Effects of different retting methods on thermal stability and mechanical properties of hemp fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1538-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Qin Yu ◽  
Shou-Hui Chen ◽  
Chong-Wen Yuc ◽  
Yan-Li Chang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Gum Content

Different retting methods were employed in hemp retting, treated hemp fibers by various retting methods were characterized by residual gum content, fineness, tenacity, elongation, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The results indicated that alkali-oxygen one bath process was satisfactory, which achieved hemp fiber with 2.14 tex, residual gum content 2.99% and tenacity 54.33 cN/tex.

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