scholarly journals Spanish ‘Plastic’ Architecture. A critical reading and design approach.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Camporeale
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Plastic Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

The following critical text proposes a series of notes and reflections on the reinforced concrete architecture, not on the material itself. Since its invention, concrete has combined two potentialities, deriving from the two materials of which it is composed: the ‘elastic’ potential, which has been developed and has reached a consolidated form and tradition, and the ‘plastic’ one. The last one has been little experienced at the beginning and, in the course of recent history of architecture, has found space in architectural criticism in the meaning of "expressive", "brutalist", "sculptural", ending up to influence 'superficially' (related to the surface) of architecture. The 'plastic' architecture, instead, is three-dimensional and unifies the construction and spatial qualification in a single design gesture. This critical approach not only allows reconsidering the history of modern/contemporary architecture starting from the necessary collaboration between space and construction that unifies the final judgment on the works, but allows influencing the project, adhering to a formative process of those geographic-cultural areas that possess those certain characters, the masonry one. The Spanish "plastic" architecture is, in that sense, a clear example: in many buildings this "masonry" character is clearly identified, due to the architectural exploitation of the reinforced concrete plastic potential.

Building simply: ethic or aesthetic? Thinking and making in an era of specialisation

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Gordon Murray
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Surface Appearance ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Aesthetic Thinking

The recent history of architecture can be characterised as a battle between attention-grabbing, ‘iconic’ buildings and a counteracting tendency towards the aesthetically reduced, even avowedly ‘minimal’. But beneath the surface appearance of these contrasting formal tendencies – restless or serene, as demanded by their aesthetic ideals – the means of building have become relentlessly more complex to meet ever more demanding environmental and other performance requirements. It was against this background that the Design Research Unit at Cardiff University convened a one-day symposium to explore the possibility of ‘Building Simply’: the topic proved, not unexpectedly, elusive. Below we publish some reflections by Gordon Murray on some of the issues raised, and these are followed by three design papers – by Pierre d'Avoine, Roland Raderschall and the organisers – that addressed the topic from differing perspectives.

scholarly journals ¿PROLETARIADO SIN CABEZA O CUERPO SOCIAL DOMESTICADO? NOTAS PARA UNA LECTURA CRÍTICA DEL ENSAYO DE JOSÉ REVUELTAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Jaime Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Jose Revueltas ◽  
History Of

El presente texto es una aproximación crítica al Ensayo sobre un proletariado sin cabeza de José Revueltas. A partir de las indicaciones metodológicas heredadas por Louis Althusser en su tratamiento de El Capital y de las nociones de posición idealista y posición materialista, se reconstruye el contenido del Ensayo. En el interior de este, se denota la coexistencia de estas dos posiciones: la idealista que remite a una filosofía de la historia y la materialista, que aborda los problemas específicos de una coyuntura. Finalmente, se apuntala una lectura crítica, en donde la noción de “proletariado de cabeza” debe ser repensada en el conjunto de la historia del movimiento obrero en México y de su relación con el Estado. Las breves conclusiones sólo son pie para pensar el entramado en el que se juega la historia del marxismo.   Palabras clave: Revueltas, proletariado, idealismo, materialismo, El Capital.   PROLETARIATE WITHOUT HEAD OR DOMESTICATED SOCIAL BODY? NOTES FOR A CRITICAL READING OF ESSAY DE JOSÉ REVUELTAS   This text is a critical approach to José Revuelta's Essay on a headless proletariat. From the methodological indications inherited from Louis Althusser in his treatment of Das Kapital and the notions of idealist  and materialist position, this paper reconstructs the content of the Essay. In his interior, the coexistence of these two positions is denoted: the idealist that refers to a philosophy of history and the materialistic one, which addresses the specific problems of a conjuncture. Finally, underpinned in his critical reading, the notion of “head of the proletariat” rethink the history of the labour movement in Mexico and its relationship with the State. The brief conclusions are only foot to think about the framework, which played the history of Marxism.   Keywords: Revueltas, proletariat, idealism, materialism, The Capital.  

scholarly journals Infrastructural Systems toward the Valorisation of the History of Architecture: The Case of the Metro-Art in Naples

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 508-513
Author(s):  
Alessandro Castagnaro
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Figurative Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Extensive Collection ◽  
Urban Pattern ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The New Deal

Since the Industrial Revolution, cities have changed their identity and the transport systems have produced a strong impact, rather than on their social-anthropological character, on the morphology of the urban pattern and on the development of the vertical dimension of the architectural volumes.This mutation leads, among other things, to a significant transformations in the transition between the 19th and 20th centuries, according to the transition between the historicist eclecticism of previous centuries and the new deal of the belle époque. Paradigmatic and representative of the century are the underground stations built in Vienna and Paris.The case, related to the contemporary, is Naples where the metro-art stations, unlike what happened before, have the dual characteristic of being different from one another- so to provide an extensive collection of contemporary architecture being part of a culture that includes the evolution of taste and the same behaviour of doing and enjoying art.A system born as transport engineering becomes today “Transit Museum” with the study of urban history from archeology to architecture and figurative art.

Expressionism, Relativity, and the Einstein Tower

1994 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen James
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
German Economy ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Concrete Construction ◽  
German Expressionism ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
History Of

The Einstein Tower was the product of the complementary investigations of expressionism, reinforced concrete construction, and relativity undertaken by its architect, Erich Mendelsohn, between 1912 and 1920. The war-ravaged German economy of 1921, which impeded its construction, and the scientific agenda of its patron, Erwin Finlay Freundlich, which determined the character of its interior spaces, also helped shape its final appearance. Designed to serve scientific inquiry, it occupies a distinctive intellectual, as well as stylistic, position within the history of German expressionism. In this building Mendelsohn established the design approach that would characterize the rest of his German career, fusing attention to program with bold images of the thrilling instability of modern life. As its reception demonstrates, the functional aspects of the tower have been overshadowed by the degree to which its form has mistakenly been identified with a contemporary enthusiasm for mysticism, which in fact played no role in its design.

scholarly journals Simulation of Real Defect Geometry and Its Detection Using Passive Magnetic Inspection (PMI) Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Mosharafi ◽  
SeyedBijan Mahbaz ◽  
Maurice Dusseault
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Time History ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Reinforcing Steel ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structure ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
History Of

Reinforced concrete is the most commonly used material in urban, road, and industrial structures. Quantifying the condition of the reinforcing steel can help manage the human and financial risks that arise from unexpected reinforced concrete structure functional failure. Also, a quantitative time history of reinforcing steel condition can be used to make decisions on rehabilitation, decommissioning, or replacement. The self-magnetic behavior of ferromagnetic materials is useful for quantitative condition assessment. In this study, a ferromagnetic rebar with artificial defects was scanned by a three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner. The obtained point cloud was imported as a real geometry to a finite element software platform; its self-magnetic behavior was then simulated under the influence of Earth’s magnetic field. The various passive magnetic parameters that can be measured were reviewed for different conditions. Statistical studies showed that 0.76% of the simulation-obtained data of the rebar surface was related to the defect locations. Additionally, acceptable coincidences were confirmed between the magnetic properties from numerical simulation and from experimental outputs, most noticeably at hole locations.

scholarly journals Plastic City/Elastic City: A Critical Interpretation of Urban Transformations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Camporeale
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Final Configuration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Critical Interpretation ◽  
Critical Notes

Globalization phenomenon caused effects that profoundly reduced the variety of reality, involving cultural, social and economic diversities, once recognizable and also identifiable through the study of architecture as a collective product of a civil community. In this context, architecture, as built and anthropic reality, suffered the shots of a revolution that has produced osmosis, hybridisation, contamination, both diatopic that diachronic, now became synchronic and syntopic phenomena. Actually, you can find / read common characters in the substrate, first typological then material, which, if critically interpreted, could indicate a possible and alternative way out of this apparent chaotic condition. In my opinion, following the consolidated basis of a theoretical and cultural heritage that has provided tools for critical reading of urban transformations, it is possible to distinguish two types of processes, usually traceable in cities. In order to rich this goal, I used the tools of the mechanical building discipline that identify: ‘elastic’ and ‘plastic’ transformations. The ‘elastic’ transformation produces ‘elastic cities’ because, at the end of the sustained stresses, the final configuration not change, instead the ‘plastic’ one produces ‘plastic cities’ when, at the end of the sustained stresses, the final configuration is not coincided with the initial one. These considerations / critical notes are the beginning of a research that, in my opinion, could offer inedited developments, both in the recognition of an unusual history of architecture, closer to his material essence, either as design and project tools, coherent with new consolidated environments.

Physiologic Measures In Patients with PTSD with and Without A Recent History of Alcohol Abuse

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen Ahearn ◽  
Mary Mussey ◽  
Catherine Johnson ◽  
Amy Krohn ◽  
Timothy Juergens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Recent History ◽  
History Of

Fictive Mode, ‘Journey to the West’, and Transformation of Space: ‘Ali Mubarak’s Discourses of Modernization

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-358
Author(s):  
WEN-CHIN OUYANG
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Theoretical Principle ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The West ◽  
Arab Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Journey To The West

I begin my exploration of ‘Ali Mubarak (1823/4–1893) and the discourses on modernization ‘performed’ in his only attempt at fiction, ‘Alam al-Din (The Sign of Religion, 1882), with a quote from Guy Davenport because it elegantly sums up a key theoretical principle underpinning any discussion of cultural transformation and, more particularly, of modernization. Locating ‘Ali Mubarak and his only fictional work at the juncture of the transformation from the ‘traditional’ to the ‘modern’ in the recent history of Arab culture and of Arabic narrative, I find Davenport's pronouncement tantalizingly appropriate. He not only places the stakes of history and geography in one another, but simultaneously opens up the imagination to the combined forces of time and space that stand behind these two distinct yet related disciplines.

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