scholarly journals On the formulation of green open space planning parameters: A parametric tool

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Leung ◽  
Irina Kukina ◽  
Anna Yuryevna-Lipovka
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Open Space Planning ◽  
Solar Access

Greenery can affect spatial characteristics such as relationship between hard and soft surfaces and activities inside open spaces. Among different types of greenery, trees have influences on summer shading and winter solar access, and hence usage patterns in open spaces. However, the relationship between tree planting and open space characteristics such as typology, proportion and height-to-width ratio in terms of shading and solar access was rarely investigated. On the other hand, there has been an increasing number of studies on using parametric tools to design urban environment recently. Despite the success in urban fabric planning by parametric tools, the utilization of these tools to design open spaces with a relatively smaller scale has not been revealed. Even worse, parameters that should be included in a parametric design tool for open space planning are still unknown. Accordingly, the primary objective of this study is to, by investigating the design characteristics and concepts of different open spaces, identify parameters for a parametric tool to design green open spaces. Specifically, the possibility of using shaded areas projected by trees and surrounding buildings as one of the parameters will be revealed. The study also aims at examining how the height-to-width ratios, proportions and typologies of open spaces will affect tree planting positions when optimizing shading or solar access of the spaces in different climate zones. Results from this study will provide designers with an additional layer of information when designing open spaces.

scholarly journals High Quality Open Spaces in Urban Development — Selected Examples from Graz, Austria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-98
Author(s):  
Теодор Виммер ◽  
Мария-Бернадетт Турнер ◽  
Иши Дорау ◽  
Хаймо Фриш ◽  
Оливер Ратшулер
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Open Space Planning

Growing urbanization poses an enormous challenge to city planners. Noticeable effects of the increased population density in cities include housing shortages, rising real estate prices, increased traffic, air pollution, shortages of green spaces and attractive public spaces, the rising cost of urban infrastructure and the risk of social tensions. Especially in dense urban areas, public open spaces (squares and streets, urban parks and spacious recreational areas) have become increasing important. Their design, functionality and the adaption to the needs of the residents significantly influences the quality and atmosphere of urban coexistence. The consideration of quality criteria is essential for the creation of sustainable, livable and smart open spaces. Modern approaches to sustainable planning in urban areas and the versatile aspects of state-of-the-art open space design are the core themes of this article. General aspects of landscape planning in Austria and selected best practice projects in the context of urban development are presented.This article gives an overview of open space planning in Austria. To be successful, projects must consider the specific needs of city districts, which requires tailor-made approaches and an interdisciplinary planning team. To be accepted and adequately used by the public, projects must be based on a detailed analyses of the spatial, natural and social conditions.The complex and diverse challenges of open space planning in Austrian cities can be seen as representative for other cities, as certain urban trends occur (in slightly altered dimensions) all over Europe or on an even bigger scale. Selected best practice urban planning projects, which have been realized by freiland Environmental Consulting CE Ltd, based on state-of-the-art principles, demonstrate modern planning approaches to tackling these challenges.

scholarly journals ANIMAL-AIDED DESIGN – using a species’ life-cycle to improve open space planning and conservation in cities and elsewhere

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang W. Weisser ◽  
Thomas E. Hauck
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Open Space Planning ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Aided Design

ABSTRACTBiodiversity underlies many of the ecosystem services demanded by humans. For cities, the design of ‘green infrastructures’ or ‘nature-based solutions’ has been proposed to maintain the provisioning of these services and the preservation of biodiversity. It is unclear, however, how such green infrastructure can be implemented, given existing planning practices that generally ignore biodiversity. Urban open spaces are normally designed by landscape architects with a primary focus on plants, aesthetic design and functionality for human users. As a consequence, conservation of species only plays a minor role, in fact, protected animals are often considered detrimental to the design, e.g. when the need to conserve a protected species demands modifications of a building project. Conversely, conservationists are often in favor of protected areas, also in cities, with little access for humans and no human design.We propose ‘Animal-Aided Design’ (AAD) as a methodology for the design of urban open spaces, to integrate conservation into open space planning. The basic idea of AAD is to include the presence of animals in the planning process, such that they are an integral part of the design. For AAD, the desired species are chosen at the beginning of a project. The requirements of the target species then not only set boundary conditions for the design, but also serve as an inspiration for the design itself. The aim of AAD is to establish a stable population at the project site, or contribute to population growth of species with larger habitats. AAD thus allows a combination of good urban design with species conservation. We illustrate our approach with designs for urban spaces in Munich.

scholarly journals CONFLICT OF INTEREST IN GREEN OPEN SPACE PLANNING IN DENPASAR CITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Ketut Mudra ◽  
Ni Ketut Ayu Siwalatri
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Open Space Planning ◽  
The Government ◽  
Interpretive Method

This research is a response to the regional regulations high intensity violations phenomenon in governing the green open space in Denpasar City. The emergence of this phenomenon as a consequence of a regional regulation core, which is policy taken by the government as a result of synergy, compromise or even competition -in this research called as conflict- between ideas, theories, ideologies and interests. These various interests are the research’s main focus to aim the conflict of interest better understanding in open planning green space of Denpasar City, as part of public policy oriented to the relationship of the planning and development systems of the city. This research is designed using qualitative approach with interpretive method. Problems are examined through three elements of research, namely: (1) green open space in the context of spatial planning and formation; (2) interests involved in green open space planning; and (3) the influence of various interests on the existence of green open space. The findings of the study are that in the context of regional spatial planning, the emergence of violations phenomenon of regional regulations regarding green open spaces in the Denpasar City occurs because of three main conflicts, based on: (1) economic conflict; (2) political conflict; and (3) cultural conflicts. These three main conflicts then trigger the emergence of land use conflicts that threaten the existence of green open spaces in Denpasar City.

Socio-cultural Utilization of Open Spaces in the Traditional Residential Neighborhood of Ile-Ife, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 120633121987469
Author(s):  
Abel Omoniyi Afon ◽  
Temitope Muyiwa Adebara
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Residential Environments ◽  
Open Space Planning

This study explores the socio-cultural uses of open spaces within and around buildings in the traditional residential neighborhood of Ile-Ife, Nigeria. This is with a view to provide information that could guide open space planning and management in traditional residential environments. The data for this study were obtained through a questionnaire survey, direct observation, measurement of open spaces, and photographic recordings. It is established that open spaces played a number of crucial roles in the socio-cultural life of residents: they served as areas for social ceremonies, burying the dead, ancestral worship/rituals, family meetings, and reception of visitors. The important determinants of the uses of open spaces were traditions and cultural practices, the need for social interactions among neighbors and climatic condition. The study concluded that open spaces are settings where residents connect socially, culturally and spiritually in the traditional environment. It is therefore recommended that physical planners should endeavor to appreciate the socio-cultural values and needs of urban residents in open space planning, design, and management.

scholarly journals Study on Evaluation of Building and Open Space Planning from the point of Micro-Climate

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Takayuki KUBOTA ◽  
Keisuke HANAKI ◽  
Toshiaki ICHINOSE ◽  
Hidetaka KOMIYA ◽  
Naoko KAMISHIMA
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Open Space Planning

The Nature Cure

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-100
Author(s):  
John Macdonald ◽  
Charles Branas ◽  
Robert Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Mere Presence ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
Public Health And Safety

This chapter looks at interventions for land and open spaces and their impact on public health and safety. Abandoned, vacant, and neglected land is of great and growing concern in many cities. The chapter considers recent efforts to address this sort of land-based blight and how planners can partner with scientists to implement and evaluate land-remediation and zoning strategies to best improve public health and safety. In many ways, these changes represent the innate human desire for nature and green spaces. Without action from planners and landscape architects, such natural spaces would not exist in many of the cities. The chapter then showcases several studies that provide evidence that the mere presence of green spaces have healing and calming effects, an effect that occurs even if residents do not actively use these spaces. Indeed, there have been myriad efforts over the past decade or so by cities to revisit and reinvigorate their green and open-space planning efforts. Much of this effort has been to insert managed green spaces into smaller parcels and equitably distribute them across neighborhoods that lack access to larger green spaces. This pocket-park movement has economic drivers but, in some cities, also seeks to leverage the likely health benefits to local residents.

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