scholarly journals Digital non-metric image-based documentation for the preservation and restoration of mural paintings: the case of the Üzümlü Rock-hewn Church, Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Higuchi ◽  
Tamaki Suzuki ◽  
Mina Shibata ◽  
Yoko Taniguchi ◽  
Murat Gülyaz
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mural Paintings ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Preservation And Restoration ◽  
Short Time

<p class="VARKeywords">Digital photography is a valuable documentation technique for the preservation of a cultural heritage site because highresolution photography presents both general and detailed views of mural paintings and mural condition in a single image. Advanced digital technology is particularly helpful for preserving and restoring mural paintings given that the painting condition is recorded on high-resolution base maps shows how mural paintings are damaged by environmental stresses, mechanical damages and inappropriate treatments, among others. In addition, photogrammetric software technology is rapidly advancing and being applied to the digital documentation of mural paintings or rock art. Nevertheless, human experience and investigation of mural paintings is indispensable for recording the condition of mural paintings, and this highlights that every step of documentation conducted in situ is desirable. However, images by photogrammetric software do not show sufficient resolution because most normal portable computers used on-site are not usually sufficient. Based on our experience at the Üzümlü Church in Cappadocia, Turkey, we propose a new approach to document mural conditions in situ for preservation and restoration. Our method is based on a comparison of a non-metric but approximate high-resolution image with the actual mural paintings. The method does not require special instruments and enables digital documentation of the mural condition in situ at a low cost, in a short time frame and using minimal human resources.</p>

scholarly journals Digital non-metric image-based documentation for the preservation and restoration of mural paintings: the case of the Üzümlü Rock-hewn Church, Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ryo Higuchi ◽  
Tamaki Suzuki ◽  
Mina Shibata ◽  
Yoko Taniguchi ◽  
Murat Gülyaz
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mural Paintings ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Preservation And Restoration ◽  
Short Time

<p class="VARKeywords">Digital photography is a valuable documentation technique for the preservation of a cultural heritage site because highresolution photography presents both general and detailed views of mural paintings and mural condition in a single image. Advanced digital technology is particularly helpful for preserving and restoring mural paintings given that the painting condition is recorded on high-resolution base maps shows how mural paintings are damaged by environmental stresses, mechanical damages and inappropriate treatments, among others. In addition, photogrammetric software technology is rapidly advancing and being applied to the digital documentation of mural paintings or rock art. Nevertheless, human experience and investigation of mural paintings is indispensable for recording the condition of mural paintings, and this highlights that every step of documentation conducted in situ is desirable. However, images by photogrammetric software do not show sufficient resolution because most normal portable computers used on-site are not usually sufficient. Based on our experience at the Üzümlü Church in Cappadocia, Turkey, we propose a new approach to document mural conditions in situ for preservation and restoration. Our method is based on a comparison of a non-metric but approximate high-resolution image with the actual mural paintings. The method does not require special instruments and enables digital documentation of the mural condition in situ at a low cost, in a short time frame and using minimal human resources.</p>

scholarly journals Methodology of high-resolution photography for mural condition database

2015 ◽  
Vol II-5/W3 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
R. Higuchi ◽  
T. Suzuki ◽  
M. Shibata ◽  
Y. Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Mural Paintings ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Graphic Software

Digital documentation is one of the most useful techniques to record the condition of cultural heritage. Recently, high-resolution images become increasingly useful because it is possible to show general views of mural paintings and also detailed mural conditions in a single image. As mural paintings are damaged by environmental stresses, it is necessary to record the details of painting condition on high-resolution base maps. Unfortunately, the cost of high-resolution photography and the difficulty of operating its instruments and software have commonly been an impediment for researchers and conservators. However, the recent development of graphic software makes its operation simpler and less expensive. In this paper, we suggest a new approach to make digital heritage inventories without special instruments, based on our recent our research project in Üzümlü church in Cappadocia, Turkey. This method enables us to achieve a high-resolution image database with low costs, short time, and limited human resources.

scholarly journals Study and application of Symphonie model to compute the hydrodynamic processes in the East Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4A) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
To Duy Thai ◽  
Bui Hong Long
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
East Sea ◽  
Time Data ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Hydrodynamic Processes ◽  
Hydrodynamic Fields

Hydrodynamic processes in the East Sea have been studied by many Vietnamese and foreign scientists applying the models as advanced tools with low cost and spatial and temporal synchronized dataset to serve their research. However, applying the model to study variability of small and medium structures with very high resolution (a few kilometers) is still challenge for scientists. With the advantages of high quality real-time data, open source hydrodynamic model, and the support from high performance computer (HPC) systems, we have step by step studied and developed the numerical model for study on hydrodynamic fields in the East Sea. The model was validated with high resolution satellite data as well as in-situ data from the ARGO and research vessels. Initial results of the simulation are very good for the surface seawater temperature (SST) field in the East Sea.

In Situ hot-stage high-resolution Transmission Electron Microscope studies of the mechanisms and kinetics of precipitation reactions

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
James M. Howe
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Atomic Level ◽  
Material Interfaces ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Precipitation Reactions ◽  
Kinetics Of Precipitation ◽  
Kinetics Of

In situ hot-stage high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) provides unique capabilities for quantifying the mechanisms and kinetics of precipitation reactions at the atomic level. Such information is required to understand phase transformations and the behavior of material interfaces. This paper provides a brief summary of the in situ hot-stage HRTEM technique and illustrates the use of this technique to obtain information about heterogeneous nucleation processes in precipitation and crystallization reactions. Examples of other types of in situ HRTEM studies can be found in previous papers by Sinclair et al. and Howe et al.The specimen and microscope requirements for in situ hot-stage HRTEM are the same as those for static HRTEM except that one must have a hot-stage specimen holder and equipment for recording and analyzing dynamic images. A high-resolution television-rate camera connected to a standard videocassette recorder (VCR) can be used to store hours of data for low cost. The dynamic images can then be analyzed directly during playback or sent to a computer for image processing and analysis.

In situ determination of a rock mass modulus using a high resolution tiltmeter

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassam Saleh ◽  
Abdallah I Husein Malkawi ◽  
Pierre A Blum
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Boussinesq Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Structural Work ◽  
Rock Mass Modulus ◽  
Elastic Rock ◽  
The Impact

A very high resolution tiltmeter (10–8 rad, 0.002 s) developed by P.A. Blum, in 1957 was used to establish a new approach to directly evaluate the in situ average elastic rock-mass modulus. Five tiltmeters were installed on the facades of the Louvre museum to study the deformations induced by internal structural work and by the impact of the Paris metro traffic movement. The measured data from the tiltmeter were used to determine the elastic rock modulus of the museum's foundation using the Boussinesq model. The results obtained by the developed approach are consistent with the typical elastic rock-mass modulus for the rock found in the museum's foundations. Key words: rock-mass modulus, tiltmeter, deformation, Boussinesq model.

Comparative Evaluation of Volumetric Current Measurements in a Tidally Dominated Coastal Setting: A Virtual Field Experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-552
Author(s):  
Trevor Harrison ◽  
Kristen M. Thyng ◽  
Brian Polagye
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Hydrodynamic Simulation ◽  
X Band ◽  
Virtual Field ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Scalar Properties

AbstractHigh-resolution, four-dimensional mapping of currents in tidally dominated coastal settings can be conducted with a range of instrumentation. Here, we assess four approaches to data collection: an X-band radar, a stationary (bottom mounted) acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), a mobile (vessel based) ADCP, and a swarm of Lagrangian floats. Using the output from a hydrodynamic simulation, a virtual field campaign was performed at 24 locations in Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, Washington, during spring and neap tidal exchanges. A reconstruction of the volumetric currents was generated for each platform every 15 min and evaluated against the true currents to assess accuracy over a horizontal extent of 400 m × 500 m at 5 m resolution and vertically through the entire water column (20–80 m) at 2 m resolution. Results demonstrate that, for this survey extent and resolution, a vessel-based ADCP survey is most accurate, followed closely by the float swarm. The overall performance hierarchy persists over most locations and times. Thus, if mapping currents at high resolution (<10 m) and short time scales (<1 day) is the primary scientific objective, vessel-based ADCP surveys are likely the best option. For longer-duration surveys, a combined deployment with a stationary ADCP and X-band radar system is the best choice. Last, if in situ measurements of scalar properties (e.g., salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen) are also desired, float swarms can simultaneously sample these while surveying currents with accuracy comparable to mobile ADCPs.

scholarly journals History of DNA Sequencing

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
P. Tyagi ◽  
M. Bhide
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Mature Phase ◽  
Working Together ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Time

AbstractThe nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids and determining their sequential arrangement had always been an integral part of biological research. Since the past seven decades, researchers from multi-disciplinary fields has been working together to innovate the best sequencing methods. Various methods had been proposed, from some oligonucleotides to the whole genome sequencing, and the growth had gone through adolescence to the mature phase where it is now capable of sequencing the whole genome at a low cost and within a short time frame. DNA sequencing has become a key technology in every discipline of biology and medicine. This review aims to highlight the evolution of DNA sequencing techniques and the machines used, including their principles and key achievements.

scholarly journals Glider-Based Observations of CO<sub>2</sub> in the Labrador Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai von Oppeln-Bronikowski ◽  
Brad de Young ◽  
Dariia Atamanchuk ◽  
Douglas Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Labrador Sea ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rigorous Testing ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Short Time

Abstract. Ocean gliders can provide high spatial and temporal resolution data and target specific ocean regions at a low cost compared to ship-based measurements. An important gap, however, given the need for carbon measurements, is the lack of capable sensors capable for glider-based CO2 measurements. We need to develop robust methods to evaluate novel CO2 sensors for gliders. Here we present results from testing the performance of a novel CO2 optode sensor (Atamanchuk et al., 2014), deployed on a Slocum glider, in the Labrador Sea and on the Newfoundland Shelf. We demonstrate our concept of validating data from this novel sensor during a long glider deployment using a secondary autonomous observing platform – the SeaCycler. Comparing data between different sensors and observing platforms can improve data quality and identify problems such as sensor drift. SeaCycler carried an extensively tested gas analyzer: the Pro-Oceanus's CO2-Pro CV, as part of its instrument float. The CO2-Pro CV has shown stable performance during lengthy observations (e.g. Jiang et al., 2014), but has a slow response time for continuous profiling, and its power consumption is not affordable for glider operations. This CO2 optode is an early prototype sensor that has not undergone rigorous testing on a glider, but is compact and uses little power. This paper summarizes the test results for this sensor on a Slocum glider. We capture the performance of the sensor, and for the Labrador Sea mission, comparing the glider data against the SeaCycler's measurements to compute an in-situ correction for the optode. We use the referenced data set to investigate trends in spatial and temporal variability captured by the glider data, pointing to short time and distances scales as drivers of change in this region.

Human carcinogens: an evaluation study via the COMPACT and HazardExpert procedures

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
D FV Lewis ◽  
M G Bird ◽  
M N Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital ◽  
Electrophilic Reactivity ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Molecular And Electronic Structure ◽  
Straightforward Approach

The results of computer-optimized molecular parametric analysis of chemical toxicity (COMPACT) and Hazard Expert evaluations on 14 established human carcinogens are reported. The concordances between COMPACT and carcinogenicity (71%%) and between HazardExpert and carcinogenicity (57%%) are significantly improved when taken in combination, where all 14 carcinogens are correctly identified by the two systems used in conjunction. However, if a negative energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO) value is regarded as evidence of electrophilic reactivity likely to give rise to mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, then 13//14 (93%%) of the carcinogens are correctly identified by combination with the COMPACT procedure alone. It is possible, therefore, to establish likely carcinogenicity arising from either P450 mediation (CYP1 and CYP2E) or compound electrophilicity via the employment of a straightforward approach to molecular and electronic structure calculation, a process that can be performed in a relatively short time frame (i.e., less than 1 hour per chemical) and at a low cost.

mRNA localization by Electron microscopic in situ hybridization

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
J. A. Pollock ◽  
M. Martone ◽  
T. Deerinck ◽  
M. H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Voltage Electron

Localization of specific proteins in cells by both light and electron microscopy has been facilitate by the availability of antibodies that recognize unique features of these proteins. High resolution localization studies conducted over the last 25 years have allowed biologists to study the synthesis, translocation and ultimate functional sites for many important classes of proteins. Recently, recombinant DNA techniques in molecular biology have allowed the production of specific probes for localization of nucleic acids by “in situ” hybridization. The availability of these probes potentially opens a new set of questions to experimental investigation regarding the subcellular distribution of specific DNA's and RNA's. Nucleic acids have a much lower “copy number” per cell than a typical protein, ranging from one copy to perhaps several thousand. Therefore, sensitive, high resolution techniques are required. There are several reasons why Intermediate Voltage Electron Microscopy (IVEM) and High Voltage Electron Microscopy (HVEM) are most useful for localization of nucleic acids in situ.

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