scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Topical Anesthetics in Reducing Pain during Administration of Injectable Local Anesthesia in Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Vikas Bendgude ◽  
Hrishikesh Walimbe ◽  
Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed Bijle ◽  
Sneha Muchandi ◽  
Rahul Deshpande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Topical Anesthetics ◽  
Local Anesthetic Injection

ABSTRACT Introduction Pain control is an integral part of modern dentistry. Needle injection of local anesthetic which is the commonest modality of pain control itself proves to be painful for the child. Hence, it is important for the pediatric dentists to resort to a pain free method of administering local anesthesia for a patient. Topical anesthetics have proven to reduce the pain experience during administration of local anesthetic injection. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two topical anesthetic agents—EMLA 5% cream (Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics—Lignocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) and Benzocaine 20% gel in reducing the pain during administration of local anesthetic injection in children. Materials and methods EMLA 5% cream and Benzocaine 20% gel were used in the study. Children from mixed dentition age group between 6 and 9 years of age were selected. The two selected topical anesthetics were applied on buccal mucosa at two different appointments in a given child, following which the local anesthetic was administered on the test site. The pain responses of the child were evaluated using the Wong Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. The results were then statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test. Results EMLA 5% cream was three times highly effective in pain reduction than Benzocaine 20% gel. Conclusion EMLA 5% cream is comparatively better than benzocaine 20% gel with regards to pain reduction during the administration of local anesthetic injection in children. How to cite this article Walimbe H, Muchandi S, Bijle MNA, Bendgude V, Deshpande R, Dolas A, Chaturvedi S. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Topical Anesthetics in Reducing Pain during Administration of Injectable Local Anesthesia in Children. World J Dent 2014;5(2):129-133.

Pain Perception: Computerized versus Traditional Local Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mittal ◽  
A Kumar ◽  
D Srivastava ◽  
P Sharma ◽  
S Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Computerized Method ◽  
Local Anesthetic Injection ◽  
Computerized System ◽  
Buccal Infiltration

Background: Local anesthetic injection is one of the most anxiety- provoking procedure for both children and adult patients in dentistry. A computerized system for slow delivery of local anesthetic has been developed as a possible solution to reduce the pain related to the local anesthetic injection. Study design: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare pain perception rates in pediatric patients with computerized system and traditional methods, both objectively and subjectively. Study design: It was a randomized controlled study in one hundred children aged 8-12 years in healthy physical and mental state, assessed as being cooperative, requiring extraction of maxillary primary molars. Children were divided into two groups by random sampling - Group A received buccal and palatal infiltration injection using Wand, while Group B received buccal and palatal infiltration using traditional syringe. Visual Analog scale (VAS) was used for subjective evaluation of pain perception by patient. Sound, Eye, Motor (SEM) scale was used as an objective method where sound, eye and motor reactions of patient were observed and heart rate measurement using pulse oximeter was used as the physiological parameter for objective evaluation. Results: Patients experienced significantly less pain of injection with the computerized method during palatal infiltration, while less pain was not statistically significant during buccal infiltration. Heart rate increased during both buccal and palatal infiltration in traditional and computerized local anesthesia, but difference between traditional and computerized method was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It was concluded that pain perception was significantly more during traditional palatal infiltration injection as compared to computerized palatal infiltration, while there was no difference in pain perception during buccal infiltration in both the groups

Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain control in patients with osteoarthritis: results of the 12-month observational study AELITA (Analgesia: Effective Treatment Using The Therapeutic Algorithm)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
A. E. Karateev ◽  
E. Yu. Polishchuk ◽  
E. S. Filatova ◽  
A. S. Potapova ◽  
V. A. Nesterenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Control ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the primary means of managing chronic osteoarthritis (OA) pain. The choice of NSAIDs is based on an analysis of the risk of adverse reactions (ARs). Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term use of NSAIDs for pain control in patients with OA in real clinical practice.Patients and methods. To assess the results of long-term use of NSAIDs in OA, a 12-month observational non-interventional study was conducted. It included 611 patients with knee, hip and generalized OA, and nonspecific back pain associated with OA of the facet joints. All patients were prescribed aceclofenac (Aertal®) 200 mg/day. The patients' condition was assessed 2 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the start of therapy. The following parameters were determined: the intensity of pain during movement and the general health assessment (GA) according to the visual analogue scale (VAS, 10 cm); pain intensity according to the Likert verbal rating scale (VRS) (0–4); the number of patients with a pain reduction of ≥50% from baseline; patients' assessment of the result of therapy according to Likert VRS (1–5). The development of ARs was recorded at each visit.Results and discussion. By month 12, 46.8% of patients had dropped out of observation. In patients who continued the study, the average severity of pain according to the VAS at baseline, after 2 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months was: 6.5±1.2; 4.8±1.4; 3.2±1.4; 2.6±1.4; 2.2±1.1; 1.4±1.1 cm, respectively (significant differences compared to the baseline for all points – p<0.05). The same differences were obtained in GA assessment.Within the indicated time frame, the number of patients with moderate / severe pain (on the Likert scale) decreased from 77.8 to 24.9; 2.9; 2.3; 0.9 and 0%, respectively. The number of patients with a pain reduction of ≥50% from baseline was 12.0; 65.1; 81.0; 88.5 and 84.0%, respectively. A good or excellent assessment of treatment results after 2 weeks was given by 63.3% of patients, and after 12 months – by 95.6%. ARs were observed in about 30% of patients, mainly mild or moderate dyspepsia (in 11.1–23.3%) and arterial hypertension (in 7.1–10.9%). No serious ARs were registered.Conclusion. Aceclofenac is an effective and relatively safe drug for the long-term management of chronic pain in OA.

Comparison of the Effectiveness between 5% Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetic Cream and Ethyl Chloride Spray Applied on the Skin Prior to Intravenous Cannulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Ethyl Chloride ◽  
Endoscopic Procedure ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Numeric Rating

Background: Since the patients scheduled for an endoscopic procedure had been unhappy with pain during intravenous cannulation. Objective: To compare the effectiveness between 5% eutectic mixture of local anesthetic cream and ethyl chloride spray applied on the skin prior to the procedure. Materials and Methods: One hundred eighty-six patients were randomized equally into three groups, A: 5% eutectic mixture of local anesthetic cream, B: ethyl chloride spray, and C: placebo. Then a nurse used a 22-gauge (22G) needle catheter to administer a cannula. Five minutes after the intravenous cannulation, a co-researcher assessed the patient’s pain perception and satisfaction as well as the nurse’s difficulty in performance by means of a numeric rating scale. Results: One hundred seventy-six patients completed the present study. Participants having the anesthetic cream and spray application as well as the placebo expressed their pain scores as 1.7±1.3, 1.6±1.2, and 2.2±1.3, respectively. Therefore, patients applied with local anesthetics had significantly less pain perception than those with the placebo (p=0.039); however, scores were not different between the anesthetic cream and the spray groups. Conclusion: Patients scheduled for an endoscopic procedure did not showed significant pain relief with either the 5% eutectic mixture of local anesthetic cream or the ethyl chloride spray. Keywords: 5% eutectic mixture of local anesthetic cream, Ethyl chloride spray, Endoscopic surgery, Intravenous cannulation, Pain

Effectiveness of Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetic Cream and Occlusive Dressing with Low Dosage of Fentanyl for Pain Control during Shockwave Lithotripsy

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Yilmaz ◽  
Ertan Batislam ◽  
M. Murad Basar ◽  
Devrim Tuglu ◽  
Saziye Ozcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Shockwave Lithotripsy ◽  
Occlusive Dressing ◽  
Low Dosage

scholarly journals A randomized controlled trial of three different local anesthetic methods for minor hand surgery

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949902110472
Author(s):  
Sang Ki Lee ◽  
Woo-suk Kim ◽  
Won Sik Choy
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hand Surgery ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Lidocaine Injection ◽  
Local Anesthetic Injection

Purpose: Hemostasis and local anesthetic injection are essential for minor hand surgeries under local anesthesia (LA). Wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) became popular for achieving hemostasis without a tourniquet. However, a recent study reported that injection is more painful than tourniquet use in minor hand surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to compare three LA methods that differ according to injection and hemostasis, namely, the combination of a tourniquet and buffered lidocaine solution (CTB), WALANT, and conventional LA. Methods: This randomized prospective single-center study included 169 patients who underwent minor hand surgery between 2017 and 2020. We randomly allocated the patients to each group and recorded the pain and anxiety score during the surgery, as well as satisfaction after the surgery. Results: Pure lidocaine injection was significantly more painful than buffered lidocaine and WALANT solution injection ( p < 0.001). Local anesthesia injection was significantly more painful than tourniquet use in all groups ( p < 0.001). The intraoperative anxiety score was significantly lower in the CTB group than in the conventional LA and WALANT groups ( p < 0.001). The satisfaction score was significantly higher in the CTB and WALANT groups than in the conventional LA group ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: CTB for minor hand surgery under LA is associated with less injection pain and patient anxiety. The tourniquet is tolerable without much pain and waiting time. Thus, CTB in minor hand surgery is a good alternative to WALANT and conventional LA.

scholarly journals CT-Guided Transforaminal Epidural Injections with Local Anesthetic, Steroid, and Tramadol for the Treatment of Persistent Lumbar Radicular Pain

2012 ◽  
Vol 2;15 (2;3) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Wewalka
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Serial Ct

Background: A substantial number of patients with persistent lumbar radicular pain are treated with a multimodal spectrum of conservative therapies without lasting effect. The duration of pain is certainly a risk factor for chronification. There is evidence that guided periradicular infiltrations are a valid option in the treatment of radiculopathies. Usually a combination of local anesthetic and/or corticosteroid is injected. Tramadol is being used for perioperative analgesia and has been shown to provide effective, long-lasting pain relief after epidural administration. Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of serial CT-guided transforaminal nerve root infiltrations with a supplement of tramadol for patients with persistent, radicular pain. Study Design: Interventional cohort study. Setting: Outpatient department for interdisciplinary pain medicine. Methods: 37 patients who had radicular leg pain for over 9 weeks received up to 3 CTguided transforaminal nerve root infiltrations at intervals of 2 weeks as long as their level of pain was over 3 on a numerical rating scale from 0 to 10. 50 mg of Tramadol were added to a combination of local anesthetic (Ropivacain, 2 mg) and corticosteroid (Triamcinolon, 40 mg). Evaluations were carried out 24 hours after the Infiltration as well as 2 weeks, 3 and 6 months after the treatment series. The intensity of their radicular pain was measured by a numerical rating scale (NRS). Pain reduction of at least 50% was defined as successful outcome. Results: In total, 65 infiltrations were carried out with pain relief in more than 90% of the patients within 24 hours and an average pain reduction of 64%. Six months post-injection 23 of 34 patients available for follow-up (67.6%) had a successful pain reduction of 84% on average. No adverse effects ascribable to the use of tramadol were noted. Limitations: Due to the lack of a control group we cannot make any statement if tramadol improves short-term pain reduction. Conclusion: Fast and lasting pain relief is the key to optimize rehabilitation for patients with radicular pain. There is a physiological rationale that the opioid receptors at the spinal level could be used to optimize the analgetic effect of guided periradicular injections. In our case series, serial CT-guided selective nerve root infiltrations with the supplement of tramadol were found to be highly effective in the treatment of persistant radiculopathies. Randomized controlled trials will be necessary to clarify the possible benefit of the supplement of an opioid. Key words: Serial, nerve root infiltration, tramadol, chronic pain, outcome.

scholarly journals Comparison between circumferential local anesthesia and dorsal penile nerve block in circumcision procedure

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Chawat Angsurak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Dorsal Penile Nerve Block ◽  
Dorsal Penile Nerve

Objectives: To compare circumferential local anesthesia and dorsal penile nerve block with regard to pain control during adult circumcision. Materials and Methods: A randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted and 30 men were randomly assigned into one of the following groups: circumferential local anesthesia (LA) and dorsal penile nerve block (DNB). Patients in both groups were injected with 0.2 ml/kg of 2% lidocaine without epinephrine before circumcision using the different techniques. During the operation, pain score was evaluated in accordance with the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and the data were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The patients in the LA group felt more pain than those in the DNB group during anesthetic injection (4.73 vs 3.7, p<0.05) but the pain scores were lower than in the DNB group during the outer prepuce incision (0.47 vs 3.93, p<0.05), inner prepuce incision (0.33 vs 1.47, p<0.05) and incision near/at Frenulum (0.33 vs 4.47, p<0.05). Overall pain score was higher in the dorsal penile nerve block group (1.53 vs 2.6, p <0.05). The circumferential local anesthesia is equally effective through all stages of the circumcision whereas the dorsal penile nerve block was not effective at the ventral surface of penis. Conclusion: For pain control in circumcision, circumferential local anesthesia is more effective than dorsal penile nerve block.

scholarly journals Local Anesthetics: A Century of Progress

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
John A. Yagiela
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Anesthetic Activity ◽  
Local Anesthetic Activity ◽  
Important Method ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Local Toxicity

Summary One century after the clinical introduction of cocaine, local anesthesia remains the most important method of pain control in dentistry. Many local anesthetics have been marketed since 1884, and it is likely that attempts to produce drugs that enhance anesthetic efficacy, reduce systemic and local toxicity, and increase nociceptive selectivity, will continue. In addition, new methods of drug administration have been and will be developed to achieve these goals. Of fundamental importance to such improvements are investigations into the pharmacology of drugs with local anesthetic activity and anatomical and physiologic studies pertaining to the reasons why local anesthetics sometimes fail to achieve desired results. This paper reviews recent advances in our understanding of these drugs and their clinical use.

scholarly journals Accidental Intravascular Local Anesthetic Injection of the Facial Artery

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Matias Garcia-Blanco ◽  
Stephanie Scanlan
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Facial Artery ◽  
Intravascular Injection ◽  
Nerve Blocks ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Local Anesthetic Injection ◽  
Buccal Infiltration

Local anesthesia techniques are widely used in dentistry because of their numerous advantages, including safety. Several articles have been published on local and systemic complications stemming from the use of local anesthesia, one of which is accidental intravascular injection, usually reported during inferior alveolar nerve blocks. A 58-year-old man presented to the dental office for extraction of the lower left first molar. During delivery of a supplemental injection in the buccal vestibular mucosa to anesthetize the buccal nerve, an accidental intra-arterial injection to the facial artery occurred, causing sudden sharp pain and immediate pallor along the course of the facial artery. The pallor resolved in approximately 20 minutes. Buccal infiltration was repeated successfully, and the tooth was extracted uneventfully. This case appears to be the first report in the literature to describe the accidental intravascular injection of local anesthetic involving the facial artery and discuss its clinical implications.

Local Anesthetics – Substances with Multiple Application in Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Rodica Sîrbu ◽  
Emin Cadar ◽  
Cezar Laurențiu Tomescu ◽  
Cristina Luiza Erimia ◽  
Stelian Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Nervous Control ◽  
Painful Sensation ◽  
Action Groups

Local anesthetics are substances which, by local action groups on the runners, cause loss of reversible a painful sensation, delimited corresponding to the application. They allow small surgery, short in duration and the endoscopic maneuvers. May be useful in soothe teething pain of short duration and in the locking of the nervous disorders in medical care. Local anesthesia is a process useful for the carrying out of surgery and of endoscopic maneuvers, to soothe teething pain in certain conditions, for depriving the temporary structures peripheral nervous control. Reversible locking of the transmission nociceptive, the set of the vegetative and with a local anesthetic at the level of the innervations peripheral nerve, roots and runners, a trunk nervous, around the components of a ganglion or coolant is cefalorahidian practice anesthesia loco-regional. Local anesthetics summary and semi-summary have multiple applications in dentistry, consulting, surgery and obstetrics, constituting "weapons" very useful in the fight against the pain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document