scholarly journals “Meninas não desenham carros... mas têm meninas que desenham”: culturas infantis, relações de gênero e histórias em quadrinhos

Perspectiva ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-1009
Author(s):  
Marta Regina Paulo Da Silva

Este artigo discute a produção das culturas infantis a partir das experiências de meninos e meninas, de 3 a 5 anos de idade, com a linguagem das histórias em quadrinhos (HQs), tendo como foco as relações de gênero. Reconhece as HQs como uma das produções midiáticas que interfere nos modos de viver das crianças, muitas vezes reforçando estereótipos fundados nas diferenças sexuais. Assim, em uma interlocução com a filosofia, sociologia, sociologia da infância, pedagogia da infância e arte, problematiza como as crianças se apropriam dos quadrinhos, o que deles reproduzem, inventam ou reinventam. Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado em uma pré-escola municipal localizada na região do Grande ABC Paulista, que teve como procedimentos metodológicos: a observação e registro de campo, os relatos orais das crianças, a análise dos documentos oficiais da Rede Municipal de Educação e da pré-escola, entrevista com quadrinhista e a análise das HQs produzidas pelas crianças. Defende que meninos e meninas participam de maneira ativa na sociedade da qual fazem parte, portanto, não só reproduzem a cultura do mundo adulto, mas ao se apropriarem coletiva e criativamente desta produzem as culturas infantis. Demonstra serem as HQs parte da cultura material da infância, que se constituem em suportes para aspectos simbólicos das culturas infantis, que as crianças compartilham entre si e com os adultos e as adultas, onde se observam padrões e valores identitários sendo negociados; isso revela que elas não só reproduzem estereótipos da cultura heteronormativa, mas transgridem as fronteiras de gênero. Nesse sentido, aponta para o desafio de trazer as crianças para o debate acerca da relação “infâncias, mídia e gênero”, na perspectiva de (re)conhecer como elas fruem, produzem e vão além das imagens midiáticas. “Girls don´t draw cars… but there are girls who do it”: child cultures, gender and comics AbstractThis article discusses child culture-oriented productions based on the experience of boys and girls aged 3-5 with the language found in comics, focusing on gender relations. The article views comics as one of the media products which can be related to child behavior, from the perspective of sexual differentiated stereotypes. It also examines an association with philosophy, sociology, sociology of childhood, early childhood pedagogy and art, in a sense which casts light on how children interact with comics.  It shows a case study conducted at kindergarten, in the Greater ABC region, which had methodological procedures: the field observation and recordings; the oral reports of children; analysis of the official documents of the Municipal Administration of Education and the documents of preschool; an interview with a comic artist, and analysis of comics produced by children.  It supports that boys and girls actively take part in their societies. In fact, not only do they reproduce the adult world culture, but also produce child cultures. It demonstrates that comics are part and parcel of childhood as a symbolic resource to be shared among adults and children. It points out that identity patterns and values are in the spotlight, suggesting that gender boundaries are to be redrawn. In sum, the article prompts further reflections on childhood, the media and gender.Keywords: Childhood. Gender. Media. “Las niñas no dibujan coches… pero hay niñas que los dibujan”: culturas infantiles, relaciones de género e historietas ResumenEste artículo discute la producción de las culturas infantiles a partir de las experiencias de niños y niñas de 3 a 5 años de edad con el lenguaje de las historietas (comics), teniendo como foco las relaciones de género. Reconoce las historietas como una de las producciones mediáticas que interfiere en la manera de vivir de los niños, muchas veces reforzando estereotipos fundados en las diferencias sexuales. De esta manera, en una interlocución con la filosofía, sociología, sociología de la infancia, pedagogía de la infancia y el arte, problematiza como los niños, se apropian de las historietas, lo que de ellas reproducen, inventan o reinventan. Se trata de un estudio de caso realizado en un kindergarten municipal ubicado en la región del Grande ABC Paulista, que tenían los procedimientos metodológicos: la observación y el campo de registro; los informes orales de los niños; el análisis de los documentos oficiales de la Red de Educación Municipal y preescolar; entrevista con el cómic; y el análisis de los cómics producidos por los niños. Defiende que los niños y niñas participan de manera activa en la sociedad de la cual hacen parte, por lo tanto no sólo reproducen la cultura del mundo adulto, pero al apropiarse colectiva e individualmente de ésta producen las culturas infantiles. Demuestra que las historietas son parte de la cultura material de la infancia, que se constituye en soportes para aspectos simbólicos de las culturas infantiles, que los niños comparten entre sí y con los adultos, donde se observan patrones y valores de identidad siendo negociados; eso revela que ellas no sólo reproducen estereotipos de la cultura normativa heterosexual, pero infringen las fronteras de género. En ese sentido, apunta para el desafío de traer los niños para el debate acerca de la relación “infancias, media y género”, en la perspectiva de (re)conocer como ellas disfrutan, producen y van más allá de las imágenes mediáticas.Palabras claves: Infancia. Relaciones de Género. Media.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
LARISA ZAITSEVA ◽  

The territorial image is formed both purposefully by the subjects of image-making, and spontaneously-based on the influence of information content published in various media. The purpose of the research is to analyze the image of the Republic of Mordovia in the information space of the Volga Federal district. The image of the territory formed by external target audiences by means of news materials is studied using the method of case study and content analysis of publications: “Volga news”, “Federal Press” news of the PFD, “Pravda PFD”. The authors conclude that modern reality is perceived through the prism of the information field created by mass media. The media creates images filled with certain data, facts, colored by emotions, on the basis of which representations, opinions, judgments, and assessments are subsequently formed. The media play a significant role in shaping the territorial image, especially for external target audiences who are not familiar with the region and do not have their own assessment knowledge and experience. Most of the information content about the Republic in the studied media is related to the main thematic blocks: politics, economy, social sphere, culture (art, sports). Moreover, if in the publications “Volga news” and “Pravda PFD” mention of the region prevails in the economic block, then in the publications “Federal Press” and “Nezavisimaya Gazeta” - in the political one. The Volga news publication significantly dominates the rest in terms of the number of publications about Mordovia. The content of publications is mostly positive and neutral related to the issues of economic development of the territory and the preparation and holding of the world football championship. Pravda PFD mentions the Republic in the context of news from neighboring territories, most of the publications date back to 2018, but here the context is related to the Republic's positions among the regions of the PFD in various ratings. The publication “Federal-Press” forms a generally reflective image of the territory, focusing on the negative aspects of regional life. “Nezavisimaya Gazeta”, giving priority to political news, maintains a neutral and reflective context of publications, paying attention to the key problems of the territory. Thus, the desired image of the region is counter-dictated to the image broadcast by the media through various information channels, so it is necessary to constantly monitor the information space and timely correction of the broadcast materials.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2199289
Author(s):  
Jay Daniel Thompson ◽  
Denis Muller

This article examines how freedom of speech is framed in the media controversy surrounding the Australian rugby player Israel Folau’s April 2019 Instagram post. A content analysis and framing analysis of newspaper reportage reveals that the controversy has been largely discussed in terms of whether or not Folau’s speech was being curtailed and whether this curtailing indicates a broader, ideologically motivated censoriousness. This discussion is problematic in that it says little about the actual substance of Folau’s post. This article argues that debates surrounding freedom of speech such as the one involving Folau could and should be enriched by an engagement with ethical principles. This engagement is premised on a commitment to the free exchange of views, while acknowledging that ‘speech’ is not always inherently beneficial for democracy, nor worth defending.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Fang Zhao ◽  
Ning Zhu ◽  
Juha Hämäläinen

This study investigated the resilience of the Chinese child protection system in responding to the special needs of children in difficulty under the specific circumstances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study applied qualitative document analysis of child protection administrative documents, in-depth interviews with 13 child protection professionals, and an in-depth case study of 14 children living in difficulty, complemented by relevant information available in the media. The results indicate that there are good policies in China’s child protection services but the organizational and functional fragmentation complicates implementation, suggesting a need for the development of bottom-up practices. The essential conclusion supported by these results is that the child protection system should be regarded and developed as a systematic project combining the legal, policymaking, and professional systems of child welfare services as well as governmental and non-governmental forces. As the COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness of the need to develop the field of child protection holistically as an integrated system in terms of social sustainability in China, an international literature-based comparison indicates that the pandemic has also raised similar political awareness in other countries.


Journalism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1713-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Solves ◽  
Sebastián Sánchez ◽  
Inmaculada Rius

The Paralympic Games are one of the world’s most important multisport events, maybe second only to the Olympic Games. However, research conducted to date shows that the media do not devote as much space to them as would accordingly be expected. This article proposes, through a case study, a new way of approaching this hypothetical discrimination by comparing the attention that the London Paralympic Games received from the Spanish print press with the attention that other sports received (football, basketball, tennis, cycling, motor sports and other minority sports) while those Games were being held. The main finding of our study is that over the period analysed, the Spanish press devoted less space to the Paralympic Games than to any other sport.


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-256
Author(s):  
Gammara Lenggo Geni ◽  
◽  
Rizki Briandana ◽  
Farid Hamid Umarella ◽  
◽  
...  

This study aims to analyse the media management strategy of Indonesian television stations during the Covid-19 pandemic. In March 2020, an outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia affected the operations of broadcasting offices, which forced people to work from home. This situation affects the operations, strategy, and content of the television industry. The object of research is Kompas TV, one of the largest media companies in Indonesia, which was the first to implement a digital concept for its customers. The concepts of planning, organising, actuating, and controlling are used to analyse the strategies media utilised. The methodology employed for the current research takes the form of a case study by adopting the qualitative approach through an in-depth interview and observation. The results showed that Kompas TV, through its digital platform in the form of websites, YouTube channels, and social media, achieved an increase in the number of viewers, users, and engagement during the pandemic. In particular, the digital aspect does not only appear in communication, but also in the implementation of the Kompas TV strategy. The results of the study also revealed that strategies carried out on Kompas TV can be used as a model for other television in Indonesia to emulate, in order to sustain its business in times of crisis. Keywords: Strategy, broadcast management, Indonesia television station, pandemic Covid-19, qualitative research.


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