Predictors of Functional Outcome Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Psychotic Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Henry ◽  
W. J. Coster
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults

Functional outcome in contemporary children and young adults with tetralogy of Fallot after repair

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hock ◽  
Anna-Luisa Häcker ◽  
Barbara Reiner ◽  
Renate Oberhoffer ◽  
Alfred Hager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Recent Cohort

ObjectiveFunctional outcome measures are of growing importance in the aftercare of patients with congenital heart disease. This study addresses the functional status with regard to exercise capacity, health-related physical fitness (HRPF) and arterial stiffness in a recent cohort of children, adolescents and young adults with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) after repair.DesignSingle-centre, uncontrolled and prospective cohort study.SettingOutpatient department of the German Heart Centre Munich; July 2014–January 2018.PatientsOne hundred and six patients with ToF after repair (13.5±3.7 years, 40 females) were included. Data were compared with a recent cohort of healthy controls (HCs) (n=1700, 12.8±2.6 years, 833 females).Main outcome measuresPatients underwent a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test, performed an HRPF test (FitnessGram) and had an assessment of their arterial stiffness (Mobil-O-Graph).ResultsCompared with HC, patients with ToF showed lower predicted V.O2 peak (ToF: 80.4% ± 16.8% vs HC: 102.6% ± 18.1%, p<0.001), impaired ventilatory efficiency (ToF: 29.6 ± 3.6 vs HC: 27.4 ± 2.9, p<0.001), chronotropic incompetence (ToF: 167 ± 17 bpm vs HC: 190 ± 17 bpm, p<0.001) and reduced HRPF (ToF z-score: −0.65 ± 0.87 vs HC z-score: 0.03 ± 0.65, p<0.001). Surrogates of arterial stiffness, central and peripheral systolic blood pressure, did not differ between the two groups.ConclusionsContemporary children, adolescents and young adults with ToF still have functional limitations. How impaired HRPF and limited exercise capacity interact and how they can be modified needs to be evaluated in further intervention studies.

Early detection and integrated care for adolescents and young adults with psychotic disorders: the ACCESS III study

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lambert ◽  
D. Schöttle ◽  
F. Ruppelt ◽  
A. Rohenkohl ◽  
M. Sengutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults

scholarly journals Early expressions of psychopathology and risk associated with trans-diagnostic transition to mood and psychotic disorders in adolescents and young adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252550
Author(s):  
Jan Scott ◽  
Jacob J. Crouse ◽  
Nicholas Ho ◽  
Frank Iorfino ◽  
Nicholas Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Chaid Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Symptoms

Objectives The heterogeneity and comorbidity of major mental disorders presenting in adolescents and young adults has fostered calls for trans-diagnostic research. This study examines early expressions of psychopathology and risk and trans-diagnostic caseness in a community cohort of twins and non-twin siblings. Methods Using data from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study, we estimated median number of self-rated psychiatric symptoms, prevalence of subthreshold syndromes, family history of mood and/or psychotic disorders, and likelihood of subsequent trans-diagnostic caseness (individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for mood and/or psychotic syndromes). Next, we used cross-validated Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) analyses to identify the nature and relative importance of individual self-rated symptoms that predicted trans-diagnostic caseness. We examined the positive and negative predictive values (PPV; NPV) and accuracy of all classifications (Area under the Curve and 95% confidence intervals: AUC; 95% CI). Results Of 1815 participants (Female 1050, 58%; mean age 26.40), more than one in four met caseness criteria for a mood and/or psychotic disorder. Examination of individual factors indicated that the AUC was highest for subthreshold syndromes, followed by family history then self-rated psychiatric symptoms, and that NPV always exceeded PPV for caseness. In contrast, the CHAID analysis (adjusted for age, sex, twin status) generated a classification tree comprising six trans-diagnostic symptoms. Whilst the contribution of two symptoms (need for sleep; physical activity) to the model was more difficult to interpret, CHAID analysis indicated that four self-rated symptoms (sadness; feeling overwhelmed; impaired concentration; paranoia) offered the best discrimination between cases and non-cases. These four symptoms showed different associations with family history status. Conclusions The findings need replication in independent cohorts. However, the use of CHAID might provide a means of identifying specific subsets of trans-diagnostic symptoms representing clinical phenotypes that predict transition to caseness in individuals at risk of onset of major mental disorders.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

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