The Local People’s Congress and Grassroots Democracy in ChinaI wish to thank the Departments of Political Science at Rider University and Texas A&M University for supporting this study. I would like to acknowledge the guidance and help provided by Professor Jon Bond. I am also grateful to Professor Zhiqun Zhu and Professor Frank Rusciano for their advice and suggestions. And I am most grateful to the members and staff of the municipal congress in the city located in central China for granting us interviews.

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Emily S. Minor ◽  
Megan B. Garfinkel ◽  
Bo Mu ◽  
Guohang Tian

Urbanization alters the distribution and characteristics of waterbodies, potentially affecting both the habitat availability and connectivity for aquatic wildlife. We used Landsat satellite imagery to observe temporal and spatial changes in open-water habitats in Zhengzhou, a rapidly growing city in central China. We classified open water into six categories: perennial rivers, seasonal rivers and streams, canals, lakes, ponds, and reservoirs. From 1990 to 2020, in 5-year intervals, we identified, counted, and measured the area of each kind of waterbody, and we used a model selection approach with linear regressions to ask which climate and anthropogenic drivers were associated with these changes. We also used Conefor software to examine how these changes affected the landscape connectivity for waterfowl. Over the study period, lakes and canals were the only waterbody types to show statistically significant changes in surface area, increasing by 712% and 236%, respectively. Changes in lakes and canals were positively correlated with the length of water pipeline in the city. The connectivity of waterbodies fluctuated over the same period, mirroring fluctuations in the perennial Yellow River. Ponds contributed very little to landscape connectivity, and the importance of reservoirs decreased over time. Conversely, canals played an increasingly important role in landscape connectivity over time. Counterintuitively, the connectivity of waterbodies increased in the built-up part of the city. Our results show that urbanization can have unexpected effects—both positive and negative—on the connectivity and area of open-water habitats. These effects are likely to be important for waterfowl and other aquatic organisms.


1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1059-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Pangle

This paper explains Plato's conception of the relation between politics and “political religion” (ideology) in a nonliberal participatory republican system. The discussion is in the form of a commentary on the drama of a part of Plato's Laws. The underlying methodological assumption is that Plato presented his political teaching not so much through the speeches as through the drama of the dialogue, and that he held this to be the most appropriate form for political science because in this way political science can most effectively stimulate thought about its subject matter, the psyche involved in social action.Following Plato, we focus first on the psychological needs such a political system generates and attempts to satisfy through civil religion. We then move to a consideration of how political “theology” serves to mediate between science and society, or the philosopher and the city.The essay is intended to contribute to the Montesquieuian project engaging the attention of more and more political theorists: the endeavor to help contemporary political science and psychology escape from the trammeling parochialism of exclusive attention to twentieth century theoretical categories and empirical experiences.


2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (04) ◽  
pp. 800-801
Author(s):  
John E. Jackson ◽  
M. Kent Jennings ◽  
Lawrence B. Mohr ◽  
Hanes Walton

Samuel J. Eldersveld, Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Michigan and former mayor of Ann Arbor, Michigan, passed away in Ann Arbor on March 5, 2010, at age 92. This closed a chapter on an extraordinary association with the University of Michigan, the discipline of political science, and the city of Ann Arbor, associations that brought remarkable change to each.


2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Paul Martoccio

Historians often leave the comparative analysis of the city-state in Europe to their colleagues in political science and sociology. But two recent volumes—Scott, The City-State in Europe, and Gamberini and Lazzarini (eds.), The Italian Renaissance State—address a number of traditional assumptions about the differences between Italian and transalpine cities and the differences between princely and republican regimes. Both volumes show how historians can make a valuable interdisciplinary contribution to comparative analysis by paying attention to diverse historical trajectories and contingencies—along the way revealing the resilience of urban forms of political life long thought to have declined with the rise of the territorial state.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1809-1814
Author(s):  
Maanya Bhardwaj

The city of Wuhan located in Hubei province of central China was burdened with a series of cases presenting with atypical acute respiratory infections in December 2019. Little did people know at that point in time, that a novel virus known as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) or simply corona virus, was responsible for these peculiar presentations. COVID-19 had begun spreading at an alarming rate worldwide, eventually gaining official status as a global pandemic, as affirmed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on 11 March 2020. By 6 July 2020, globally, there were 1.5 million cases and around 536 893 deaths. As the pandemic took its toll globally, scientists struggled to classify and specify the manifestations of the virus. Medical practitioners, microbiologists and scientists worldwide gradually joined forces to define COVID-19 as an infection characterised by an immense inflammatory reaction or cytokine storm which may cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction (MODS). During the latter half of 2020, multiple hospitals in India, France, America, Germany and Netherlands reported an increasing incidence of fatal invasive fungal infections in recovered SARS-CoV-2 patients. Increased severity of infections as well as mortality was observed in immunocompromised patients and those with co existing medical illnesses such as diabetes and hypertension. Furthermore, even though many patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection, it was noted that their immunity post recovery was significantly diminished, and it was during this period they were more susceptible to fatal bacterial and fungal co-infections. This review article explores the pathophysiology of COVID 19 infection and difference in response to the infection in adult and paediatric populations.


1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (04) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
Victoria Schuck

The profile ofFemina Studens rei Publicaewhich has developed from the gross statistics and the 1969 survey of departments of political science shows that the professional woman in academia is primarily in the lower ranks, often not even on the first step of the promotion “ladder” and is teaching undergraduates. Although her habitat is the small college, there are signs that she may be emerging from it to the faculties of the city and state university. Recently she has been receiving Ph.D.'s at a greater rate of growth than that for men, but she still remains a small minority. In considering the following ratios related to her publications, other evidences of scholarship, and the recognition accorded to her in the profession, it is important to stress that the woman political scientist who is teaching constitutes five percent of the membership in the A.P.S.A. and according to the 1969 survey, 8.4 percent of all faculty in political science in colleges and universities.


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