Relevance. According our researches it was found that almost all models oftractors and self-propelled machines has created the maximum contact pressure ofthe movers on the soil above the permissible values. In such way, in view ofthe extreme topicality of the saving soil fertility during evaluating theagrotechnical indicators of a self-propelled selection seeder, it is necessary, first ofall, to make researches to determine the harmful effect of propellers on the soil.Methods. Theoretical researches of determining the soil hardness and density werecarried out using the dependence of density on hardness. During the tests of theself-propelled selection seeder, soil moisture was measured at a depth of 3 inches (7.6 cm) and it was 20%. To measure soil moisture, It was used a digital device, itwas a universal moisture meter TK100. Samples were taken before and after eachpass of the self-propelled seeder with the front and rear wheels. Hardness wasmeasured for each sample.The Kachinskys method was used to measure soil density as the experimentalmethod. To take soil samples, a 100 cubic meter drill (steel cylinder) was used.Soil samples were taken according to the method described above. At the sametime, for each case, three samples were taken to exclude random deviations in soildensity indicators. In the laboratory, the samples were weighed on a VK 3000.1electronic balance with a measurement error of 0.1 grams.Results. The soil density was determined by calculation and experimental methodsin three zones: before the seeder pass and after each its pass in the track behind thefront and rear wheels at a depth of 7.6 cm. The results obtained differ from eachother by a maximum of 6.2%.
The determination of soil moisture and soil density in situ by neutron and γ-ray scattering
