scholarly journals The role of complementary and alternative methods in the treatment of pain in patients with cancer – current evidence and clinical practice: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kocot-Kępska ◽  
Renata Zajączkowska ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Jerzy Wordliczek ◽  
Przemysław Tomasik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

The application of virtual reality in health professions� digital education: a narrative review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Tudor Car ◽  
Bhone Myint Kyaw ◽  
Josip Car
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Health Professions Education ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Content ◽  
Potential Applications

BACKGROUND Digital technology called Virtual Reality (VR) is increasingly employed in health professions’ education. Yet, based on the current evidence, its use is narrowed around a few most applications and disciplines. There is a lack of an overview that would capture the diversity of different VR applications in health professions’ education and inform its use and research. OBJECTIVE This narrative review aims to explore different potential applications of VR in health professions’ education. METHODS The narrative synthesis approach to literature review was used to analyse the existing evidence. RESULTS We outline the role of VR features such as immersion, interactivity and feedback and explain the role of VR devices. Based on the type and scope of educational content VR can represent space, individuals, objects, structures or their combination. Application of VR in medical education encompasses environmental, organ and micro level. Environmental VR focuses on training in relation to health professionals’ environment and human interactions. Organ VR educational content targets primarily human body anatomy; and micro VR microscopic structures at the level of cells, molecules and atoms. We examine how different VR features and health professional education areas match these three VR types. CONCLUSIONS We conclude by highlighting the gaps in the literature and providing suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Understanding Healthcare Students’ Experiences of Racial Bias: A Narrative Review of the Role of Implicit Bias and Potential Interventions in Educational Settings

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12771
Author(s):  
Olivia Rochelle Joseph ◽  
Stuart W. Flint ◽  
Rianna Raymond-Williams ◽  
Rossby Awadzi ◽  
Judith Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Racial Bias ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthcare Education ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Implicit Racial Bias ◽  
Healthcare Students ◽  
Healthcare Settings

Implicit racial bias is a persistent and pervasive challenge within healthcare education and training settings. A recent systematic review reported that 84% of included studies (31 out of 37) showed evidence of slight to strong pro-white or light skin tone bias amongst healthcare students and professionals. However, there remains a need to improve understanding about its impact on healthcare students and how they can be better supported. This narrative review provides an overview of current evidence regarding the role of implicit racial bias within healthcare education, considering trends, factors that contribute to bias, and possible interventions. Current evidence suggests that biases held by students remain consistent and may increase during healthcare education. Sources that contribute to the formation and maintenance of implicit racial bias include peers, educators, the curriculum, and placements within healthcare settings. Experiences of implicit racial bias can lead to psychosomatic symptoms, high attrition rates, and reduced diversity within the healthcare workforce. Interventions to address implicit racial bias include an organizational commitment to reducing bias in hiring, retention, and promotion processes, and by addressing misrepresentation of race in the curriculum. We conclude that future research should identify, discuss, and critically reflect on how implicit racial biases are enacted and sustained through the hidden curriculum and can have detrimental consequences for racial and ethnic minority healthcare students.

scholarly journals Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. R27-R43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Pilz ◽  
Armin Zittermann ◽  
Christian Trummer ◽  
Verena Theiler-Schwetz ◽  
Elisabeth Lerchbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D

Vitamin D testing and treatment is a subject of controversial scientific discussions, and it is challenging to navigate through the expanding vitamin D literature with heterogeneous and partially opposed opinions and recommendations. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an update on vitamin D guidelines and the current evidence on the role of vitamin D for human health with its subsequent implications for patient care and public health issues. Vitamin D is critical for bone and mineral metabolism, and it is established that vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets and osteomalacia. While many guidelines recommend target serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations of ≥50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL), the minimum consensus in the scientific community is that serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 25–30 nmol/L (10–12 ng/mL) must be prevented and treated. Using this latter threshold of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, it has been documented that there is a high worldwide prevalence of vitamin D deficiency that may require public health actions such as vitamin D food fortification. On the other hand, there is also reason for concern that an exploding rate of vitamin D testing and supplementation increases costs and might potentially be harmful. In the scientific debate on vitamin D, we should consider that nutrient trials differ from drug trials and that apart from the opposed positions regarding indications for vitamin D treatment we still have to better characterize the precise role of vitamin D for human health.

scholarly journals The potential role of incretin-based therapies for polycystic ovary syndrome: a narrative review of the current evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204201882198923
Author(s):  
Mohammed Altigani Abdalla ◽  
Harshal Deshmukh ◽  
Stephen Atkin ◽  
Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Metabolic consequences associated with PCOS include, but are not limited to, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential therapeutic roles of the incretin-based therapies in the management of PCOS. Methods: We performed a systematic search of databases including PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE up to 1 October 2020. We developed a search string of medical subject headings (MeSH) including the terms PCOS, incretin mimetics, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonists (GLP-1 RAs), liraglutide, exenatide, semaglutide, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, combined with IR, testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Results: We identified 854 relevant articles and, after the initial screening, eight interventional animal studies, one observational animal study, 14 interventional human studies, two case–control studies and one systematic review were included. These studies showed the potential significant roles of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors in the management of PCOS, with significant improvements in the metabolic parameters, including substantial weight reduction and improved insulin sensitivity. These agents also improved the hormonal parameters through decreased free androgen and increased SHBG. Moreover, they improved menstrual regularity, increased fertility with enhanced ovulation and pregnancy in obese women with PCOS. Conclusion: GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors have a promising therapeutic role in PCOS; however, larger clinical trials are needed to establish the role of incretin-based therapies in the management of PCOS.

scholarly journals The Role of Ultrasound for the Personalized Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Cervical Dystonia

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Urban M. Fietzek ◽  
Devavrat Nene ◽  
Axel Schramm ◽  
Silke Appel-Cresswell ◽  
Zuzana Košutzká ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Cervical Dystonia ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Therapy ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Treatment ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Technical Considerations

The visualization of the human body has frequently been groundbreaking in medicine. In the last few years, the use of ultrasound (US) imaging has become a well-established procedure for botulinum toxin therapy in people with cervical dystonia (CD). It is now undisputed among experts that some of the most relevant muscles in this indication can be safely injected under visual US guidance. This review will explore the method from basic technical considerations, current evidence to conceptual developments of the phenomenology of cervical dystonia. We will review the implications of introducing US to our understanding of muscle function and anatomy of common cervical dystonic patterns. We suggest a flow chart for the use of US to achieve a personalized treatment of people with CD. Thus, we hope to contribute a resource that is useful in clinical practice and that stimulates the ongoing development of this valuable technique.

scholarly journals A narrative review of the emerging role of lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K in cancer: from basic research to clinical practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Dandan Guo ◽  
Yujia Liu ◽  
Yuchen Jiang ◽  
Shuilian Zheng ◽  
Tong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Lymphocyte Antigen ◽  
Complex Locus

scholarly journals Polyvascular disease: A narrative review of current evidence and a consideration of the role of antithrombotic therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
E. Hope Weissler ◽  
W. Schuyler Jones ◽  
Ileana Desormais ◽  
Sebastian Debus ◽  
Lucia Mazzolai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombotic Therapy ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence

scholarly journals Thromboembolic disease in COVID-19 patients: A brief narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samhati Mondal ◽  
Ashley L. Quintili ◽  
Kunal Karamchandani ◽  
Somnath Bose
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Thrombosis ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Organ Systems

Abstract Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV2/ Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2) infection has emerged as a global health crisis. Incidence of thromboembolic disease is reported to be high in SARS-CoV2 disease and is seen in a multitude of organ systems ranging from cutaneous thrombosis to pulmonary embolism, stroke or coronary thrombosis sometimes with catastrophic outcomes. Evidence points towards a key role of thromboembolism, hypercoagulability and over production of proinflammatory cytokines mimicking a “cytokine storm” which leads to multiorgan failure. This brief narrative review highlights the pathophysiology and risk factors of thromboembolic disease and provides a framework for management of anticoagulation based on the current evidence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document