The Uncanny Mirror: Der Student von Prag (1913)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Loew
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Special Effects ◽  
German Film ◽  
Figurative Meaning ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Real Life Setting ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Art Critics

The first German film to excite art critics was simultaneously a milestone in the history of special effects. Der Student von Prag was co-created by some of Germany’s most ardent early cinephiles with the goal to demonstrate the feasibility of film art. Proceeding from techno-romantic assumptions, they construed artistic filmmaking as the articulation of ideas and feelings through the imaginative application of the medium’s technological assets, specifically location shots and trick effects. Consequently, Der Student von Prag depicts the intrusion of an uncanny doppelganger into a real-life setting, the mystical city of Prague. As a vehicle for abstract notions, the horrific double thus bore witness to cinema’s ability to convey figurative meaning and participate in the life of the mind.

ATTACHMENT BONDS FOR HUMAN-LIKE ROBOTS

2006 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 301-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOLA CAÑAMERO ◽  
ARNAUD J. BLANCHARD ◽  
JACQUELINE NADEL
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Real Life Setting ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strong Attachment ◽  
Learning Through Experience ◽  
Perception Action ◽  
Attachment Bonds

If robots are to be truly integrated in humans' everyday environment, they cannot be simply (pre-)designed and directly taken "off the shelf" and embedded into a real-life setting. Also, technical excellence and human-like appearance and "superficial" traits of their behavior are not enough to make social robots trusted, believable, and accepted. Fuller and deeper integration into human environments would require that, like children, robots develop embedded in the social environment in which they will fulfill their roles. An important element to bootstrap and guide this integration is the establishment of affective bonds between the "infant" robot and the adults among whom it develops, from whom it learns, and who it will later have to look after. In this paper, we present a Perception–Action architecture and experiments to simulate imprinting — the establishment of strong attachment links with a "caregiver" — in a robot. Following recent theories, we do not consider imprinting as rigidly timed and irreversible, but as a more flexible phenomenon that allows for further adaptation as a result of reward-based learning through experience. After the initial imprinting, adaptation is achieved in the context of a history of "affective" interactions between the robot and a human, driven by "distress" and "comfort" responses in the robot.

scholarly journals Windows of the Soul in the Worldview of Philo of Alexandria

Perichoresis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Aurelian Botica
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Philo Of Alexandria ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Mind

Abstract One of the most important paradigm shifts in the history of Greek philosophy was the ‘rediscovery’ of transcendence in the movement of Intermediate Platonism. Less than a century before the birth of Hellenism (late 4th century BC), Plato had advocated an intentional preoccupation with the life of the mind / soul, encouraging the individual to avoid being entrapped in the material limitations of life and instead discover its transcendental dimension. The conquest of Athens by the Macedonians, followed by the invasion of the Orient by Alexander the Great, set in motion sociological and cultural changes that challenged the relevance of Platonic philosophy. The transcendental vision of Platonism left the individual still struggling to find happiness in the world created by Alexander the Great. This was the context in which the schools the of Cynicism, Stoicism, Epicureanism and Skepticism challenged Platonism with their call to happiness in this world and by means of the Hellenistic dominance and the rise of Roman supremacy stirred a renewed spiritual and philosophical effort to rediscover the world beyond; that is, the transcendental world of Plato. This was Middle Platonism and the Jewish philosopher Philo of Alexandria was one of its most prolific writers. In this paper, we will examine the concept of the soul in the writings of Philo, with an emphasis on the role that the soul plays in the act of approaching God through the means of the external / material cult (Temple, sacrifices, priests, etc.). Philo offers a complex vision of the soul, one that remains critically relevant to understanding the Greek, Jewish, and Christian thought that emerged after Philo.

“Knowing Movement, Wanting Order”: Michael O'Brien on the US South

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-514
Author(s):  
RICHARD H. KING
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Old South ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
The South ◽  
Us South ◽  
The Us ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind

It is easy to forget that interest in the intellectual history of the US South only fully emerged in the post-1960s years. Though there have been no outstanding southern philosophers or philosophers of the South to focus on, there have been plenty of talented literary and cultural critics and political and social thinkers, as well as historians, political scientists, and sociologists, whose work has significantly shaped the idea of the South and who thus deserve the interest of the intellectual historian. Works as varied as Clement Eaton's The Freedom-of-Thought Struggle in the Old South (1940) Rollin Osterweis's Romanticism and Nationalism in the Old South (1949), and William R. Taylor's Cavalier and Yankee (1961) were early examples of the effort to identify the intellectual and cultural issues central to the history of the region. By exploring the literary history of the South in the interwar years, what came to be called the Southern Renaissance, post-1945 literary historians such as Louis D. Rubin and Lewis Simpson undoubtedly also influenced those who tried to make sense of the life of the mind below the Mason–Dixon line.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
René van Woudenberg ◽  
Rik Peels ◽  
Jeroen de Ridder
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Logical Positivism ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Mind Science

This introductory chapter puts scientism in context and provides an initial overview of issues that are relevant to scientism. It argues that scientism ought to be on the philosophical agenda, because the truth or falsity of scientism matters a great deal for our self-understanding, the life of the mind, science, and various social practices. Scientism has deep roots in Western philosophical history; among its predecessors and sources of inspiration are empiricism, August Comte’s positivism, and logical positivism. A core question for scientism is what exactly science is, but even a quick glance at the history of thinking about science reveals that answering this question is notoriously difficult. The chapter also provides a quick survey of arguments for and against scientism, and it closes with a preview of the rest of the book.

From Psychological Humanities to African Psychology: A Review of Sources and Traditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Nwoye
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Black Psychology ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Postcolonial Africa ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
The Mind

The purpose of the article is to trace the intellectual history of the new postcolonial discipline of African psychology. African psychology as currently conceptualized in universities in the South and other regions of Africa is a proud heir to a vast heritage of sound and extensive intellectual traditions and psychological scholarship on Africa and its peoples found scattered in the multiple disciplines of the humanities (anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, religion, etc.). Even before and after the critical evolution that led to the emergence of African psychology as a new discipline situated in the departments of psychology in some forward-thinking African universities, the different fields of the humanities offered legitimate research and writings on the nature of the life of the mind and culture in pre- and postcolonial Africa. The article reviews the variety and changing psychological themes that occupied the attention of the African and Western humanists and intellectuals within and outside Africa. However, the great limitation of all psychological research and writings which constitute psychological humanities is that they could not and, indeed, are not meant to replace the legitimate role being played by African psychology as a fledgling postcolonial discipline and center of thought and scholarship. This fledgling discipline came into being to argue against and partner with Western psychology and the black psychology popularized in North America, with a view toward the enrichment of both Western and black psychological knowledge with new perspectives for understanding the psychology of Africans in continental Africa. The purpose of the article is to elaborate on these issues.

Beyond ‘The Banality of Evil’

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Clarke
Keyword(s):  
History Of Political Thought ◽  
Banality Of Evil ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
Political Work ◽  
Major Exception ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phenomenological Account ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Relationship

Although the relevance of evil to politics occupies a large part of the history of political thought few modern political theorists have paid sustained attention to the relationship between the political evils of our times and our understanding of the concept of evil. A major exception to this is Hannah Arendt. For Arendt the evils of totalitarianism, genocide and ‘administrative massacre’ have provided the material for the basic questions to which her thinking has been directed. In the posthumously published The Life of the Mind Arendt appears to depart from her concern with the evils of mass society; the work is outwardly a phenomenological account of some aspects of the history of Western thought. It is, however possible to see this work as a metaphysic for her more overtly political work. Viewed in this way it can also be used to deepen understanding of her concept of the ‘banality of evil’. This notion, which she first introduced in her report of the trial of Adolf Eichmann, became central to her understanding of one part of the Nazi phenomenon.

Psychology in the “Backyards of the World”: Experiences From India

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandita Chaudhary ◽  
Sujata Sriram
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Mainstream Psychology

The mind has been the subject of fascination since ancient times, and every cultural tradition has folk theories related to meaning-making, attributions, and explanations about being human. In this sense, the subject of Psychology is as old as humanity, although its rise as a global, scientific discipline is relatively recent, emerging from 20th-century Europe and America. Theoretical ideas and methods generated during the growth of the discipline were aligned with beliefs about human nature and scientific methods specific to Euro-American cultures. Although “preached” and practiced universally as a science, this culturally circumscribed and ideologically bound history of the discipline needs further examination. Rather than “thinking globally” and “acting locally,” the agenda of Psychology has been the reverse; “think locally and act globally,” as critics of mainstream Psychology have pointed out. The predominance of individual, intra-mental, laboratory-tested, quantifiable dimensions of human conduct are based subliminally on Western ideology. The alternative methods of approaching real-life experiences, literature, art, inter-mental phenomena, and other qualitative dimensions of human interactions remain relatively under-explored. The dominant mainstream Psychology is seen as an objective, measurable, and universal science that has had far-reaching consequences for ordinary people around the world. This somewhat sinister side of conventional Psychology is the subject of this article, where we argue that despite significant exceptions and scholarly dissent, the popularity and prevalence of experimental Psychology has marginalized “others” at the expense of its own progress. We use illustrations primarily from teaching, research and practice in Psychology in Indian Universities.

scholarly journals Recent historical scholarship of evangelicalism

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wearne
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Evangelical Christianity ◽  
Modern Britain ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
American Evangelicalism ◽  
History Books

Evangelical historiography is an attempt within evangelicalism to assess its own history. Books like Mark Noll’s The Scandal of the Evangelical Mind (1994), Stuart Piggin's Evangelical Christianity in Australia; Spirit, Word and World (1996) and David Bebbington's Evangelicalism in Modern Britain (1989) are evidence of a sustained attempt by evangelical historians to re-appraise the history of their religion. In this review Mark Noll's argument about the "mind" (or lack of it), of American evangelicalism is assessed. His historiographical method is scrutinised. The conclusion is that the scandal is wider than the "life of the mind". Evangelicalism, as presented by Noll. Bebbington and Piggin, also involves an unelaborated philosophy of history, which finds great difficulty in distancing itself from the popular sentiment, if not the doctrines, of modern society. The recent historiography of evangelicalism needs a Christian method for criticising itself lest it become another form of post-modern romantic popularism.

Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases: Prevalence and Characterization in Two Italian Referral Centers

Respiration ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 838-845
Author(s):  
Paola Faverio ◽  
Martina Piluso ◽  
Federica De Giacomi ◽  
Matteo Della Zoppa ◽  
Roberto Cassandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Real Life Setting ◽  
History Of

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The prevalence and natural history of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (PF-ILDs), and their response to commonly used treatments in real life are largely unknown. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of PF-ILD patients attending 2 Italian referral centers (San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, and San Giuseppe Hospital, Milan) from January 1, 2011, to July 31, 2019. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From a cohort of non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibrosing ILD patients with at least 2-year follow-up, we selected only those with progressive disease, defined as per the INBUILD trial, collecting their demographical, clinical, and functional data. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of the 245 fibrosing ILD patients, 75 (31%) were classified as PF-ILDs (median age 66 years, 60% males), most frequently idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia (28%), followed by connective tissue disease-associated ILD (20%), chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and sarcoidosis (17% each). Most patients (81%) were categorized as PF-ILDs because of forced vital capacity (FVC) decline ≥10%, while 19% experienced a marginal FVC decline (between 5 and 10%) associated with worsening respiratory symptoms or increasing extent of fibrotic changes on high-resolution computed tomography. Disease progression occurred after a median of 18 months from ILD diagnosis. The vast majority (93%) of PF-ILD patients received prednisolone, alone (40%) or associated with steroid-sparing agents (52%), and 35% of treated patients developed treatment-related adverse events. After ILD progression, the median survival was 3 (interquartile range (IQR) 2–5) years, with a 2- and 3-year mortality rate of 4 and 20%, respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In a real-life setting, approximately one-third of the fibrosing ILD patients showed a progressive course despite treatment. Studies aimed to better phenotype this subgroup of patients are needed.

Some Prospects for the Theory of Lyric Poetry

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Lamping
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Universal History ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Mind

AbstractTaking the definition of lyric poem as ›Einzelrede in Versen‹ for its basis, this article pursues two objectives: firstly, to advocate the concept of lyric poetry as an intertextual system of relationships against the background of world literature (a concept that can also constitute the theoretical foundation for the universal history of lyric poetry) and, secondly, to encourage a profound discussion with philosophy to locate lyric poetry within the ›life of the mind‹ as well as to grasp it in theoretical terms.

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