Conclusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Chinese History ◽  
Chinese Perceptions ◽  
History Of ◽  
China Today

Ever since the concept of press freedom was first introduced into China during the late-Qing dynasty, Chinese perceptions of the function of a free press have frequently changed. This research has shown that the social and cultural context shaped the unique interpretations of press freedom in China and impacted the extent to which it was realized in modern Chinese history. There were numerous problems that permeated the history of press freedom in China, problems that continue to influence the experience of press freedom in China today. This chapter concludes by exploring the theoretical and contemporary implications of the conceptual history of press freedom in China.

The Enlightenment Turns to China: The International Flow of Concepts and Their Geographic Dispersion

Cultura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-52
Author(s):  
Chien-shou CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Joint Production ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Conceptual History ◽  
International Flow ◽  
Geographic Dispersion ◽  
Production Of Knowledge ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Modern Chinese History ◽  
Enlightenment Project ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article attempts to strip away the Eurocentrism of the Enlightenment, to reconsider how this concept that originated in Europe was transmitted to China. This is thus an attempt to treat the Enlightenment in terms of its global, worldwide significance. Coming from this perspective, the Enlightenment can be viewed as a history of the exchange and interweaving of concepts, a history of translation and quotation, and thus a history of the joint production of knowledge. We must reconsider the dimensions of both time and space in examining the global Enlightenment project. As a concept, the Enlightenment for the most part has been molded by historical actors acting in local circumstances. It is not a concept shaped and brought into being solely from textual sources originating in Europe. As a concept, the Enlightenment enabled historical actors in specific localities to begin to engage in globalized thinking, and to find a place for their individual circumstances within the global setting. This article follows such a line of thought, to discuss the conceptual history of the Enlightenment in China, giving special emphasis to the processes of formation and translation of this concept within the overall flow of modern Chinese history.

scholarly journals Social and Cultural Context Affecting the Activities of Women Painters of Pahlavi Era (1925-1978)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Azadeh Alipoor Heris ◽  
Abolghasem Dadvar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Cultural Foundations ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Different factors were affecting the presence of women during the Pahlavi era. In new structures after the constitutional period and along with the absolute modernism of Pahlavi, discourses changes were made based on democracy, socialism, Shia resistance and autonomy, court to government and political figures to people. During this period the role of women was formed on the basis of their social position and in their gender approach it changed from a <class in itself> to a <class for self>. The consequences of social contexts led to witness more active presence of women during Pahlavi era compared with the past periods particularly in the visual arts arena; so that the history of the Tehran galleries from 1953-1978 which reflects their activities during that time confirms this fact. The purpose of the present essay is to analyze the social contexts which have attracted women from margin to the center and attending to them since no study has been done in this respect seems essential and it’s an attempt to answer the question that what social contexts have been influential in boosting up the presence of women especially women painters of Pahlavi era? In this research the data collect is library type and filed study and it has been compiled in a comparative descriptive-analytic method, the origin and social contexts of the women painters of the Pahlavi era whose works were displayed were studied and analyzed and it can be inferred that the presence of supportive men in families, education, social context, urban life, publicizing the culture thanks to the cultural foundations and media, the actual and legal presence of the queen, government support due to cultural policies, women social movements, and the transformation of the women role in twentieth century had decisive role on enhancing the social position of women particularly the role of the women painters of the second Pahlavi era.

The Monograph Tradition and Chinese Scholarship: Beginning with the “Best Young Scholar’s Monograph Prize in the Social Sciences of Practice”

Rural China ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-344
Author(s):  
Philip C. C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
International Law ◽  
Selection Committee ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Late Qing China ◽  
Peasant Worker ◽  
China Today ◽  
Identity Production

This article first explains why our “Best Young Scholar’s Monograph Prize in the Social Sciences of Practice” selection committee has chosen the three books International Law and Late Qing China: Texts, Events, and Politics, Rural Development in Contemporary China: Micro Case Examples and Macro Changes, and Urbanizing Children: Identity Production and Political Socialization of Peasant-Worker Sons and Daughters for the award, and then goes on to discuss how monograph production is faced with deeply contradictory forces in the scholarly environment of China today when compared with the American scholarly environment, to explain the purpose of the prize.

scholarly journals Research on Field Reconstruction and Community Design of Living Settlements—An Example of Repairing a Fish Stove in the Hua-Zhai Settlement on Wang-An Island, Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6066
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Community Design ◽  
Migration History ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Idea ◽  
Traditional Artists

The Hua-Zhai Ancient Settlement is located in Wang-An Township, Peng-Hu County, Taiwan. The Ministry of Culture of the Taiwanese government announced that the Wang-An Hua-Zhai Ancient Settlement had been registered as an essential settlement construction due to the integrity of the settlement and the migration history of the Hans. Afterward, the housing lacked maintenance and was destroyed due to the huge population migration. After years of restoration of the housing, the activation plan was first launched in 2015. The initial idea was to build a settlement brand, but this failed due to difficulties in promotion. Even though the executive team reflected on the specific layout of the settlement space and the problem was apparent, the team had no idea where to restart. Therefore, the team decided to live in the settlement to learn about local living and explore possible issues. It was not until the start of the “fish stove repair” that the settlement changed; that is, the original disorganized settlement network became clear. This research analyzes the social network construction and the expansion benefits involved in the fish stove repair process to design the implementation rules of designing a settlement-based community. Based on participatory observation and interviews with the main actors who participated in the rehabilitation operations, the analysis results indicated that the community design method based on a selected site over a long period of time could largely increase the opportunity of encountering issues, finding appropriate disturbances in the cultural context and habits, and connecting these issues with real life values. Besides, this also encourages prioritizing local issues, helping traditional artists increase the value of their roles, and enabling them to be treated equally at the end of knowledge acquisition. The research case includes a breakthrough in the limitations of spatial activation after the restoration of the ancient settlement that Taiwanese scholars have always been focused on and continues the sentimental memory of the residents. The results of the study can be used as a reference for the future activation of the settlement.

龔自珍戒詩歷程考論

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 053-068
Author(s):  
張日郡 張日郡
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Chinese Poetry ◽  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p>龔自珍為清代著名的詩人及思想家，而這樣一位「但開風氣不為師」的詩人，一生有過幾次自覺戒詩的經驗，而「戒詩」的現象在中國詩歌史上相當特殊的，詩人為何要戒詩，而又破戒？龔自珍內心「寫作的焦慮」之根源是什麼？本文試圖從兩個方面切入，其一、爬梳相關文獻，先行探求龔自珍的詩學觀，唯有如此，我們才能從中得知為何是戒「詩」。其二、切入相關詩歌文本，觀看龔自珍自己如何看待自己的「戒詩」與「破戒」的說法。最後，分析兩者之間的關係，以及變化。期能為龔自珍之相關研究做出一點貢獻。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Gong Zizhen was a famous poet and thinker in the Qing dynasty. The era he lived was a turning point from flourish to the decadence, from tradition to modern. This phenomenon can be read in the works from Gong Zizhen and it’s also the key point for emancipation of the ideas in late Qing dynasty. Gong Zizhen who leaded the fashion but not stood under the spotlight, he had many experiences of quitting writing poetry. Quitting writing poetry is a special phenomenon in the history of the Chinese poetry, why did poet want to quit? The thesis studied these from two aspects. The first is to explore the poetry concept of Gong Zizhen through article review so that it may be understood why he choose to quit writing poetry? Second, it could be discovered how did Gong Zizhen treat his explain about quitting writing poetry and breaking it repeatedly by reviewing related poetries. Last, analyzing the relationship and transformation between the two. Expecting to offer some contributions for the study of Gong Zizhen.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Remember History, Not Hatred: Collective Remembrance of China's War of Resistance to Japan

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES REILLY
Keyword(s):  
Chinese History ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Education Campaign ◽  
Modern Chinese History ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Events ◽  
War Of Resistance ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Party State

AbstractChinese leaders have repeatedly insisted upon the contemporary relevance of the ‘War of Resistance to Japan’ (1937–1945). However, the content of the official history of the war and the lessons drawn from it have changed dramatically from 1949 through 2010. This paper begins by reviewing theories of collective remembrance and then covers four historical periods: China's ‘benevolent amnesia’ on Japan's wartime atrocities before 1982; China's patriotic education campaign from the mid-1980s; the rise of history activism in China in the late 1990s; and the post-2005 reversal in official rhetoric on Japan and the wartime past. It concludes that, while the party-state retains an impressive capacity to shape the narratives of critical periods of modern Chinese history, Chinese leaders are likely to find themselves increasingly constrained by domestic forces and by external events beyond their control.

scholarly journals Regulating Fortress Britain: Migrants, Refugees and Asylum Applicants in the British Labour Market

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-258
Author(s):  
Francesca Calò ◽  
Simone Baglioni ◽  
Tom Montgomery ◽  
Olga Biosca
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
National Level ◽  
Effective Capacity ◽  
The Social ◽  
British Labour ◽  
History Of ◽  
Integration Strategies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Institutional Challenges

AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to provide a detailed overview of the UK legal and institutional factors at the macro-level that can be regarded as decisive for explaining the effective capacity of the country to integrate migrants, refugees and asylum seekers into the labour market. By doing so, we aim to better understand the conditions within which integration policies for migrants, refugees and asylum applicants (MRA) may take place. We begin by providing an insight into the social and cultural context of migration in the UK, firstly by looking at the history of migration and the social and political instabilities of the country. Furthermore, we investigate how legislation concerning migration and asylum has developed within the UK context across the decades and analyse how legislation has been translated by UK policymakers in recent years. We then examine the current constitutional organisation of the British state, highlighting the importance of case law in developing MRA integration. Following this, we outline key legislation concerning the integration of MRA in the British labour market. The chapter then provides a critical overview of the integration strategies (or the lack thereof) promoted at the national level, outlining the institutional challenges that affect integration. We then conclude by highlighting the possible impact that Brexit will have on an already ‘hostile environment’ for migration.

scholarly journals FROM TRAITOR TO MARTYR: DRAWING LESSONS FROM THE DEATH AND BURIAL OF WANG JINGWEI, 1944

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-158
Author(s):  
Jeremy E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
National Government ◽  
Modern China ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Specific Event ◽  
Modern Chinese History ◽  
History Of

AbstractBased on recently reopened files and publications in Nanjing, as well as published and newsreel accounts from the 1940s, this paper represents the first scholarly analysis of the rituals surrounding the death and burial of Wang Jingwei in Japanese-occupied China. Rather than locating this analysis purely in the literature on the history of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–45), however, this paper asks what Wang Jingwei's Re-organized National Government might tell us about personality cults in the political culture of modern China. While Wang's burial drew heavily on the precedent of Sun Yat-sen's funerals of the 1920s, it also presaged later spectacles of public mourning and posthumous commemoration, such as Chiang Kai-shek's funeral in 1975 in Taipei. In focusing on this one specific event in the life of a “puppet government,” this paper hopes to reignite scholarly interest in the study of “dead leaders” and their posthumous lives in modern Chinese history more generally.

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