Groepsidentificatie en cognitie

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-361
Author(s):  
Marc Slors
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Dress Codes ◽  
Cultural Infrastructure ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Shared Norms ◽  
Evolutionary Explanations

Abstract Group-identification and cognition: Why trivial conventions are more important than we think In existing (evolutionary) explanations for group formation and -identification, the function of cultural conventions such as social etiquette and dress codes is limited to providing group-markers. Group formation and identification itself is explained in terms of less arbitrary and more substantial phenomena such as shared norms and institutions. In this paper I will argue that, however trivial and arbitrary, cultural conventions fulfil an important cognitive function that makes them essential to the formation of and identification with large groups. Complex role-division, both informal and institutional, is important in the functioning of any large group of people. Shared conventions enable a virtually automatic understanding of signals, scripts and rules that regulate the interaction of divided roles. They provide a cultural infrastructure within which we perceive e.g. specific behavior and clothing as a range of social-cultural affordances for role-interactions. Shared familiarity with this infrastructure is the foundation for the basic kind of trust of in-group strangers that is a requirement for the formation of large groups. This non-intellectualist view on group formation and group identification can contribute to new ways of dealing with problems in multicultural societies.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Bisnis Berbasis Komputer Untuk Mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi Politeknik Negeri Bali

Epigram ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
I Made Wijana ◽  
Anak Agung Putri Suardani ◽  
I Gede Made Karma
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
Needs Analysis ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Expert Validation

This research aims to produce prototype of computer-based business mathematics teaching materials to improve student achievement of Accounting Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali (PNB). In this research, to reach the target of teaching materials of computer-based business mathematics, the development using Borg and Gall method with some modifications into five steps: needs analysis and curriculum majoring in accounting, initial product development, education expert validation, small group trial , and large group trials. Trial of small group and large group by involving first semester student of Diploma IV Managerial Accounting Study Program, Accounting Department, PNB. Based on curriculum analysis and needs analysis, teaching materials are developed in the form of modules with Microsoft Excel application and the result of the initial product are five modules with topics of Formula, Linear and Non Linear Functions, Interest Calculation, Annuity, and Linear Programming. Education expert validation using five aspects resulted in an average score of 4.13 (good). Trial of the teaching materials by measuring student perceptions using three aspects for small groups resulted in an average score of 3.81 (good) and for large groups resulted in an average score of 4.23 (good). Furthermore, results of evaluation in large groups indicate a significant increase in mean of student scores from before and after using computer-based Business Mathematics teaching materials 

scholarly journals Characteristic of Dystrustepts in the Venezuelan Andes

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1777-1784
Author(s):  
Guido Ochoa ◽  
Jajaira Oballos ◽  
Juan Carlos Velásquez ◽  
Isabel López ◽  
Jorge Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Discrimination Analysis ◽  
Large Group ◽  
The Us ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Soil Groups

The majority (60 %) of the soils in the Venezuelan Andes are Inceptisols, a large percentage of which are classified as Dystrustepts by the US Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition of 1999. Some of these soils were classified as Humitropepts (high organic - C-OC-soils) and Dystropepts by the Soil Taxonomy prior to 1999, but no equivalent large group was created for high-OC soils in the new Ustepts suborder. Dystrusepts developed on different materials, relief and vegetation. Their properties are closely related with the parent material. Soils developed on transported deposits or sediments have darker and thicker A horizons, a slightly acid reaction, greater CEC and OC contents than upland slope soils. Based on the previous classification into large groups (Humitropepts and Dystropepts) we found that: Humitropepts have a slightly less acid and higher values of CEC than Dystropepts. These properties or characteristics seem to be related to the fact that Humitropepts have a higher clay and OC content than the Dystropepts. Canonical discrimination analysis showed that the variables that discriminate the two great soil groups from each other are OC and silt. Data for Humitropepts are grouped around the OC vector (defining axis 3, principal component analysis), while Dystropepts are associated with the clay and sand vectors, with significant correlation. Given the importance of OC for soil properties, we propose the creation of a new large group named Humustepts for the order Inceptisol, suborder Ustepts.

Observations on the Interplay between Large and Small Analytic Groups

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Rippa ◽  
Eric Moss ◽  
Mishael Chirurg
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Core Group ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Live Group

The authors address unanswered questions about the attraction of the often stormy large group and the interplay between it and small groups. If the large group is a place that arouses many difficult feelings, why do people in conferences, workshops, training programmes and on the Internet continue to participate in them? The authors found that within Internet large groups there was a clear pattern of setting up a small, intimate core group. They found a similar pattern in two live, group workshops. The authors learned that large and small groups are intricately related, and that when participants have the chance, they choose to continue in an on-going, back-and-forth movement between each.

Reactions of Large Groups Experimentally Confined in an Austere Environment

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Ahearn ◽  
Mary P. Beussee ◽  
John A. Hammes
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Response ◽  
Large Group ◽  
University Of Georgia ◽  
The Past ◽  
Austere Environment ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The University ◽  
Large Groups

7 large-group simulated fallout shelter occupancy tests have been conducted at the University of Georgia during the past 4 yr. These studies included large groups of men, women, and children confined for periods varying from 1 day to 1 wk. This report presents shelteree reaction in terms of post-shelter questionnaire response and in terms of defections, i.e., occupants who left shelter prior to completion of the study.

The Social Unconscious and the Large Group – Part III: Listening to the Voices in the Wind

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Tubert-Oklander ◽  
Reyna Hernández-Tubert
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Large Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Unconscious ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Group Part

This is the third of a series of three articles, based on the lecture we delivered at the International Workshop ‘Studies of Large Groups and Social Unconscious’, which took place in Belgrade in June 2013. In the first part we compared the British and the Latin American traditions of group analysis. In the second, we discussed the conception of the social unconscious and the group analytic large group, in both traditions. Now we present our own approach to large groups and discuss the problem of the wider context in which the large group takes place.

Patterns of association among female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in a population forming large groups

Behaviour ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1013-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miki Nishita ◽  
Miki Shirakihara ◽  
Masao Amano
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Association Measure ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Tursiops Aduncus ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Photo Identification ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Large Groups

Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) around Amakusa-Shimoshima, Japan form large groups of >100 individuals, a remarkable feature of this population, which is much larger than previously studied bottlenose dolphins. Using photo-identification data collected on 33 days in 2012, associations among 70 females were investigated using two scales of association measure (photograph- and group-based association) to know whether they associate based on their reproductive status, as is typically observed in other populations with smaller group size. Significant differences in associations between females of the same reproductive status category and those in different categories were detected, and a female that lost her calf within a year decreased associations with females with calves of the same age. These suggests that even in a population with large group size, the reproductive status of females is one of the factors influencing their associations.

Beyond rejection, glory and the Soldier’s Matrix: the heart of my group analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robi Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Group Analysis ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Distinctive Group ◽  
Professional History ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Special Space ◽  
Sandwich Model

During my 45 year journey in the different approaches to psychotherapy, an interest in small, median and later in large groups have influenced me professionally. Many in the Israel IGA had a similar professional history until we finally felt group analysis as our home. I also learned from experiences of rejection and glory. A Trauma-Glory continuum, connected to rejection and inclusion, will be discussed. Glory, which is considered a basic social motivation, could have a special space in group analysis. The concept of the Soldier’s Matrix will be discussed, with a distinctive group-analytic approach to the large group and ‘the Sandwich model’. This group analytic application, could be taken as a possible ‘anti-dote’ to difficult social configurations as are found in ‘soldiers’ matrices’.

Large Groups and Women Leadership: Caregiving for Multiple Authenticities

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-340
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Storck
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Group Leadership ◽  
Women Leadership ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Home Territory

Professionals in many disciplines are interested in large group dynamics, and simultaneously, there is a need to formulate coherent trainings for large group leadership roles. Group analysis being my ‘home territory’ to explore these highly complex forces and challenges, this article is one woman’s group-analytic understanding of larger groups and issues of conducting larger groups in our interconnected and interdependent world.

The Influence of Group Size On Predator Scanning and Foraging Behaviour of Wedgecapped Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus Olivaceus)

Behaviour ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 98 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 240-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan R. De Ruiter
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Cebus Olivaceus ◽  
Travel Distances

AbstractThe behaviour of two groups of wedgecapped capuchin monkeys, Cebus olivaceus, a small one (n = 8) and a large one (n = 25) was recorded. Time budgets and other aspects of behaviour depended on group size. The differences can be explained as: adjustment to predation risk and intra-group food competition. In order to evade predation, members of the small groups scan more and stay at greater heights than those of the large group. Higher food competition within the large group was reflected in the composition of its diet, in longer travel distances, and higher levels of social behaviour. In particular during the dry season, the large group exploited unattractive and risky food sources. These results support ALEXANDER'S hypothesis on the causes of group formation.

Collective Action and the Fallacy of the Liberal Fallacy

1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kimber
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Interested Individual

The problem of whether the rational, self-interested individual will voluntarily subscribe to a large group providing collective benefits is examined, using the perspectives of Hardin's application of game theory and Olson's application of economic theory. The arguments in each case are held to be unsatisfactory, and the same analysis cannot automatically be applied to all problems involving collective action. The subscription to large groups normally represents a distinct sub-class of problems, the solution to which, contrary to the established wisdom, is that the rational, self-interested individual with a net benefit (together, perhaps, with the irrational one with a net loss) will voluntarily subscribe to a group providing a collective good.

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