Waarheid en interpretatie in etnografie (deel 1)

KWALON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Gigengack
Keyword(s):  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Marginalized Groups

Abstract Truth and interpretation in ethnography (part 1): Tracking clues with marginalized groups and uniformed professions This essay is the first part of a reaction to Beuving’s discussion on evidence and truth in ethnography (KWALON 74). Gigengack stresses that ethnography is inferential and involves interpretation work. Whereas social scientists may shy away from “truth,” and prefer “reality,” philosophies of truth illuminate empirical ethnography. Taking the Goffman/Mead controversies as histories of truth, Gigengack discusses created, relative, powerful, and holistic truths on the basis of these ethnographies. It brings Gigengack to a critique of functionalist-empiricist ethnography, and to point out the subjectivist and objectivist fallacies in the ethnographic practice of making truths through social facts.

Embracing qualitative research: an act of strategic essentialism

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raza Mir
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Strategic Essentialism ◽  
The Common ◽  
Good Research

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to argue that rather than contest the artificial schism produced by social scientists between “qualitative” and “quantitative” research, we should to accept this binary, however, contingently, and use it productively. This would be an act of “strategic essentialism” that would allow us to be productive in the research and inquiry. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses postcolonial theory to make a case for contingent representation, i.e. using artificial categories to carve out a space for heterodox theoretical approaches. Findings Researchers devoted to qualitative research must resist thinking, speaking and evaluating that research using quantitative thinking. Also, while ethical considerations are paramount in qualitative research, we need to debunk the narrow understanding of ethics as “following rules.” Also, qualitative researchers need to be aware of the institutional pulls that the research will be subject to, and also be ready to resist them. Originality/value This paper discusses how good research resists the siren call of institutionalization. It challenges the “common sense” assumptions of the field and brings them into the realm of the questionable. It seeks to theorize the untheorizable, and anthropologize the dominant.

LANDInG (Leadership Academy and Network for Diversity & Inclusion in Geosciences): AGU’s New Program to Build, Develop, and Sustain DEI Leaders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Fraiser ◽  
Billy Williams ◽  
Stephanie Goodwin ◽  
Pranoti Asher
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Leadership Capacity ◽  
Leadership Academy ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Leader Training

<p>An equitable and inclusive geosciences discipline requires a systemic cultural shift. Despite four decades of consideration and federal investment, persons identifying as both white and men overwhelmingly outnumber people from marginalized groups in geosciences courses of study and professions. Cultural shifts can be facilitated by leadership, and research indicates that diversity and inclusion initiatives are more often effective when championed from the top. AGU, in strong partnership with other organizations and institutions, created the LANDInG program based on the rationale that both increasing capacity for DEI leadership within the geosciences and fostering recognition for the value for DEI champions are needed to significantly improve DEI outcomes across geosciences. LANDInG comprises: (1) a sustainable DEI Community of Practice Network, to engage and support a broad representation of DEI champions within the geosciences; and (2) a DEI Leader Academy, to build the DEI leadership capacity of select cohorts of DEI champions in the geosciences through intensive, cohort-based professional development tailored for them. The LANDInG DEI Leader Academy will include opportunities for direct experience leading DEI initiatives in the geosciences. Also part of the LANDInG program will be increasing the visibility and recognition of DEI champions and leaders in order to elevate their value within the discipline. Our model for change draws from research and theory spanning social and organizational sciences, including the literatures on professional networks/mentoring, and implementing effective diversity and leader training. Our methods for enacting change are evidence-based and framed by national models for cohort-based professional development within higher education/STEM. A steering committee and an advisory board of leading DEI scholars, social scientists, and representatives of other geoscience societies will broaden the expertise and diversity perspectives over the project’s life.</p>

Conceptualization of science using collaboration and competences

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Karlovcec ◽  
Dunja Mladenic ◽  
Marko Grobelnik ◽  
Mitja Jermol
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Topic Shift ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research Project ◽  
General Topic ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an approach for conceptualizing science based on collaboration and competences of researchers. Design/methodology/approach The research is conducted by exploratory analysis of collaboration and competences using case studies from humanistic, engineering, natural sciences and a general topic. Findings The findings show that by applying the proposed approach on bibliographic data that readily exist for many national sciences as well as for international scientific communities, one can obtain useful new insights into the research. The approach is demonstrated with the following exploratory findings: identification of important connections and individual researchers that connect the community of anthropologists; collaboration of technical scientists in the community of anthropologists caused by an interdisciplinary research project; connectivity, interdisciplinary and structure of artificial intelligence, nanotechnology and a community based on a general topic; and identifying research interest shift described with concretization and topic-shift. Practical implications As demonstrated with the practical implementation (http://scienceatlas.ijs.si/), users can obtain information of the most relevant competences of a researcher and his most important collaborators. It is possible to obtaining researchers, community structure and competences of an arbitrary research topic. Social implications The map for collaboration and competences of a complete science can be a crucial tool for policy-making. Social scientists can use the results of the proposed approach to better understand and direct the development of science. Originality/value Originality and value of the paper is in combining text (competences) and network (research collaboration and co-authoring) approaches for exploring science. Additional values give the results of analysis that demonstrate the approach.

Performance management perception in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickson Hebert Odongo
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Review ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Government Workers

Purpose This paper aims to present an analysis of the perception of performance management practices and transformations by investigating what devolved governments of Kenya are doing and ought to do after which the approaches of performance and performance management are evaluated. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive assessment of five devolved governments of Kenya is carried out. This study covered 518 respondents across the above-sampled governments. Findings The outcomes demonstrated that there are guidelines established by the counties to measure the performance of workers where tested variables about setting performance standards and performance review information against their effect on performance improvement and performance measurement, respectively, are statistically significant, and therefore have a positive impact on the eventual performance of devolved governments. Practical implications The results support scholars, practitioners and social scientists in development studies for the planning and management of public organizations. The thought of factors that enhance or impede devolved government workers’ performance can be explored in future research. Originality/value The thought of performance management perception, especially in a developing country, is a theoretical milestone.

Too many compromises: survey research and the spectre of communism

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schwarzkopf
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Way

Purpose – This paper aims to chart the influence of McCarthyism and of FBI surveillance practices on a number of prominent American social scientists, market researchers, opinion pollsters and survey research practitioners during the post-war years. Hitherto disparate sets of historical evidence on how Red Scare tactics influenced social researchers and marketing scientists are brought together and updated with evidence from original archival research. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on the existing secondary literature on how social research practitioners and social scientists reacted to the unusually high pressures on academic freedom during the McCarthy era. It supplements this review with evidence obtained from archival research, including declassified FBI files. The focus of this paper is set on prominent individuals, mainly Bernard Berelson, Samuel Stouffer, Hadley Cantril, Robert S. Lynd, Paul F. Lazarsfeld, Herta Herzog, Ernest Dichter, but also the Frankfurt School in exile. Findings – Although some of the historiography presents American social scientists and practitioners in the marketing research sector as victims of McCarthyism and FBI surveillance, it can also be shown that virtually all individuals in focus here also developed strategies of accommodation, compromise and even opportunism to benefit from the climate of suspicion brought about by the prevailing anti-Communism. Social implications – Anyone interested in questions about the morality of marketing, market research and opinion polling as part of the social sciences practiced in vivo will need to pay attention to the way these social-scientific practices became tarnished by the way prominent researchers accommodated and at times even abetted McCarthyism. Originality/value – Against the view of social scientists as harassed academic minority, evidence is presented in this paper which shows American social scientists who researched market-related phenomena, like media, voters choices and consumer behaviour, in a different light. Most importantly, this paper for the first time presents archival evidence on the scale of Paul F. Lazarsfeld’s surveillance by the FBI.

An empirical study on the impact of micro enterprises on women empowerment

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Arul Paramanandam ◽  
P Packirisamy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Purpose – This study aims to find whether the micro-enterprises lead to women empowerment and entrepreneurship and make them to be wholly involved in income-generating activities by having them choose a business venture of their own. Design/methodology/approach – Women empowerment is very important for the acceleration of economic growth. The economic empowerment of women is being regarded these days as a sine qua non of progress for a country; hence, the issue of economic empowerment of women is of paramount importance to political thinkers, social scientists and reformers. The self-help groups (SHGs) have paved the way for economic independence of rural women. The members of SHGs are involved in micro-entrepreneurships. Empowerment is intellectual capital. Capital is a life blood of any industry. Findings – Without women development, economic development will not take place. Women should be imparted technical knowledge, skill training and marketing techniques in the process of establishing an enterprise by them for more sustainability. Originality/value – Micro-enterprises add values to a country’s economy by creating jobs, enhancing income, strengthening purchasing power, lowering costs and adding business convenience.

scholarly journals Double down: economic downturn and increased competition impacts on casino gaming and employment

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Byron Marlowe ◽  
Tianshu Zheng ◽  
John Farrish ◽  
Jesus Bravo ◽  
Victor Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Intervention Analysis ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Casino Gaming ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
The Us

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to create a more balanced, comprehensive and valid illustration of the relationships between casino gaming volume and employment during economic downturns in urban and rural locations in nondestination gaming states.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyzes gaming volumes and employment prior, during and after the recession of 2007–2009, using a time series with intervention analysis on a monthly coin in, table drop and regression analysis on employment impacts of casinos.FindingsFindings indicate that while there was a slight drop in gaming revenue and employment figures during the economic downturn, nondestination gaming locations such as Indiana proved relatively resilient to an economic downturn.Originality/valueThe Great Recession had no significant impact on gaming volume because gamblers chose to spend their more limited entertainment dollars on less expensive gaming options; in other words, casinos closer to home requiring the expenditure of fewer dollars on travel and/or hotel rooms. The current pandemic and pressures of the macro-environment again threaten the US gaming and casino market with an economic downturn and the results of this study are as timely as ever for hospitality professionals and social scientists to understand the behavior of casinos in recessionary environments.

“Digesting the abundance of idol matter” key factors in personal information management experiences of selected social science faculty

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Williams Nwagwu
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Science Faculty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Science Faculty ◽  
Data Design

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the personal information management (PIM) behaviours of social science faculty in Africa. The study examined the experiences and encounters of selected social scientists in Africa in organising and finding and re-finding of the information they previously created or stored. More specifically, the study sought to examine how faculty keep and refind information, the files and folders in which they store the information. Also, the study examined the nature and characteristics of faculty information spaces with particular respect to electronic documents including emails and paper documents. Design/methodology/approach Sample survey research design and a mixed methods approach consisting of qualitative and quantitative were used. Data was collected using a discursive technique, an interview schedule and a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using factorial analysis of mixed data design, guided by a combination of category and codes identification using NVivo and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 17. Principal component analysis (PCA) of factor analysis was executed to identify key components. Findings Eleven issues, namely, time, infrastructure, importance of the information, folder/file management, document characteristics and organisational context played significant roles in the PIM behaviours of the respondents. Others were importance of the information, document overload, memory, workload and computer literacy. PCA extracted four major components, namely, document overload, time, computer literacy and importance of the information. Research limitations/implications An expansion in the number of faculty involved in this study would probably yield a more reliable outcome. Extending the study to cover Africa would also yield a more applicable result. Practical implications The key PIM issues identified in this study, namely, document overload, time, computer literacy and importance of the information should constitute the focus of continuous information literacy education aimed at improving PIM social scientists’ faculty in Africa. Social implications Improved PIM of social science faculty will result to improved research productivity and good health. Originality/value PIM of social scientists has not been examined in the literature, and yet it is crucial for further understanding their learning and information behaviours, and improving their productivity. The design and administration of a questionnaire constructed based on codes extracted from qualitative and discursive sessions to the same respondents from whom the qualitative data was collected makes the findings very strong. A further deployment of factorial analysis of mixed data design to handle qualitative data makes the contribution of the study very significant.

Blockchain systems and ethical sourcing in the mineral and metal industry: a multiple case study

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Kshetri
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Metal Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Networks ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Ethical Sourcing ◽  
Sustainability Standards ◽  
High Degree

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine blockchain's roles in promoting ethical sourcing in the mineral and metal industry.Design/methodology/approachIt analyzes multiple case studies of blockchain projects in the mineral and metal industry.FindingsIt gives detailed descriptions of how blockchain-based supply chain networks' higher density of information flow and high degree of authenticity of information can increase supply chain participants' compliance with sustainability standards. It gives special consideration to blockchain systems' roles in overcoming the deficits in the second party and the third-party trust. It also demonstrates how blockchain-based supply chain networks include outside actors and configure the supply chain networks in a way that enhances the empowerment of marginalized groups.Practical implicationsIt suggests various mechanisms by which blockchain-based supply chain networks can give a voice to marginalized groups.Originality/valueIt demonstrates how blockchain is likely to force mineral and metal supply chains to become more traceable and transparent.

Bibliometric and content analysis of the internet of things research: a social science perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Rock Leong ◽  
Farzana Parveen Tajudeen ◽  
Wai Chung Yeong
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Adoption Model ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Prolific Authors ◽  
User Perspectives

PurposeThe aim is to reveal contemporary research trends and patterns in Internet of Things (IoTs) so that social scientists who are new to the discipline may be steered towards rightful directions when examining this phenomenon.Design/methodology/approachA total of 169 IoT articles indexed in the Web of Science database were analyzed via bibliometric analysis and content analysis. The VOSViewer software was used to identify popular keywords of the IoT topics, its publication productivity, the most relevant journals, and the most prolific authors within. Content analysis was conducted manually to determine the most popular research methods used, the most frequently studied contexts, the most popular IoT application areas, the most highly examined user perspectives, and the most often employed theories.FindingsThe synthesis of both the bibliometric and content analysis results suggest the necessity of investigating the post-adoption technology usage behavior of IoT technology in developing countries, particularly in smart home. This is especially so from new landscapes using other theories or models, apart from the overwhelmed Technology Adoption Model (TAM) and its variants.Originality/valueWith a focus on addressing the state-of-the-art of IoT in social science, and to synthesize its future research directions systematically, this study was conducted with both bibliometric and content analysis, in order to enhance the overall analysis for higher accuracy and more reliable results.

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