Seksueel-ethische permissiviteit: trends in Nederland 1981-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-458
Author(s):  
Quita Muis ◽  
Inge Sieben ◽  
Tim Reeskens ◽  
Loek Halman
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Religious Socialization ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Future ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
Moral Convictions

Abstract In this study, we explore trends in sexual-ethical permissiveness in the Netherlands during the last decades. Using Dutch data from the European Values Study (1981-2017), we show that tolerance towards homosexuality, abortion, divorce, euthanasia, and suicide increased in this period. About a third of this trend can be explained by cohort replacement: because younger, more permissive cohorts slowly replace older, less permissive cohorts, the moral climate in society changes. In turn, the differences in sexual-ethical permissiveness between cohorts can be explained by differences in level of education, church attendance and religious socialization. At the same time, the results of the counterfactual analyses show that all groups in Dutch society, including the lower educated and churchgoers, have become more permissive about sexual-ethical aspects of life. Apparently, a moral progressive consensus is present in the Netherlands. Finally, our results show that the youngest cohort, born between 1990 and 1999, appears somewhat less permissive than older cohorts. If these more conservative moral convictions persist in the future and are present in new generations as well, there may be a cultural backlash.

The Religious Gender Gap within Dutch Relationships: Explaining the Persistent Religious Gender Gap in the Netherlands Using a Multifactorial Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Joris Kregting ◽  
Peer Scheepers ◽  
Paul Vermeer ◽  
Chris Hermans
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Religious Socialization ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Belief In God ◽  
Psychological Differences ◽  
Multifactorial Approach

Abstract Like other Western countries, in the Netherlands women continue to demonstrate higher levels of religiosity than men. In this article, we set out to explain this Dutch religious gender gap regarding belief in God, prayer and church attendance. Using high quality survey data (LISS 2015), a comprehensive model is built combining social and psychological differences between Dutch men and women. These gender differences are operationalized where they are most strongly experienced, i.e. within personal relationships. We find that the gender gaps within Dutch relationships regarding belief in God and prayer can be explained by gendered religious socialization and gendered mental health dependency—and for belief in God additionally by the gendered level of agreeableness. For the gender gap regarding church attendance, gendered religious socialization explains the religious gender gap.

scholarly journals A New Democratic Norm(al)? Political Legitimacy Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Tim Reeskens ◽  
Quita Muis
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

AbstractThe worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has granted national governments far-reaching political powers to implement drastic non-pharmaceutical interventions to curtail the spread of the virus. For these measures to be effective, governments should be granted widespread political legitimacy. This is established when populations’ expectations from governments are in line with public support for these governments. In this chapter, we investigate changes in political legitimacy during the coronavirus crisis in the Netherlands. Amidst of the pandemic, we collected unique, representative data among LISS-panel respondents that supplemented the European Values Study 2017. We demonstrate that the Dutch public (temporarily) lowered their democratic aspirations thereby longing for strong leadership while simultaneously increasing their trust in the incumbent Government, which, combined, resulted in more political legitimacy. Because of an outspoken period effect, expectations are, however, that this legitimacy will not be long-lived in the new common.

Het zijn aardige mensen, maar liever niet als buren... : Veranderingen in sociale distantie tegenover migranten, moslims en ‘zigeuners’ in Nederland in de periode 1990-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-481
Author(s):  
Marcel Lubbers ◽  
Peer Scheepers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
Research Questions

Abstract In this study, we focus on a considered key value of the Netherlands: tolerance towards outgroups. We set out to answer the research questions: (1) what has been the longitudinal trend in social distance towards migrants, Muslims and ‘Gypsies’?; and (2) have there been (changes in) longitudinal differences between specific social categories?, in relation to the theoretical assumptions from contact and conflict theory. Based on Dutch data from the European Values Study, we show that social distance towards migrants, Muslims and ‘Gypsies’ increased in the first decade of the century as compared to the previous decade. In the second decade, social distance towards migrants and Muslims has not changed much; however, social distance towards ‘Gypsies’ has strongly increased further, even though the size of the group hardly changed. We discuss differential longitudinal trends within specific societal groups. The youngest cohort, socialized most strongly with immigrants and Muslims, turns out to be most likely to keep distance towards these groups in recent times ‐ a finding more in line with conflict theory than with contact theory. We end with explanations for the observation that particularly the ‘Gypsies’ have become the most excluded outgroup, not just in the Netherlands, but in the whole of Europe.

Religious Socialization and Church Attendance in the Netherlands from 1983 to 2007: a Panel Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Vermeer ◽  
Jacques Janssen ◽  
Joep De Hart
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Dutch Reformed ◽  
Religious Socialization

The authors explore the effect of a religious upbringing on church attendance later in life. To this purpose, people who had been interviewed in 1983 as secondary students about their upbringing as well as other characteristics, were interviewed again in 2007 about the same topics. Comparisons between the 1983 and the 2007 data reveal that church attendance dropped significantly among these people during this period. Furthermore, it is shown that a religious upbringing is not a good predictor of church attendance later in life. These conclusions apply to Protestants and Catholics alike, as separate analyses for Catholics, Dutch Reformed and Re-Reformed reveal.

scholarly journals Religious and conspiracist? An analysis of the relationship between the dimensions of individual religiosity and belief in a big pharma conspiracy theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Riccardo Ladini
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Conspiracy Theory ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In the increasing scholars' attention to factors associated with conspiracy beliefs, religiosity has been under-investigated, at least in empirical research. This study aims to address the issue by analysing to what extent and in which forms individual religiosity is associated with conspiracy beliefs. Religion and conspiracy theories could show both similarities and dissimilarities. First, as alternative religiosity and conspiracy theories tend to spread knowledge stigmatized by the authorities, we expect that alternative religious beliefs are positively associated with conspiracy beliefs. Second, as religion and conspiracy theories explain events with the agency of invisible forces and detect patterns in nature, also conventional religious beliefs are supposed to be positively associated with conspiracy beliefs. Third, church attendance is hypothesized to discourage conspiracy beliefs, as exposure to religious authorities could deter the adhesion to unofficial narratives. By employing data coming from the Italian joint edition of the European Values Study–World Values Survey 2018, the paper tests the hypotheses by analysing the association between the multiple dimensions of individual religiosity and belief in a conspiracy theory on pharmaceutical companies. Results show that, after controlling for confidence in political and religious institutions and attitudes towards science, only alternative religious beliefs, here measured by belief in the reincarnation, are positively associated with belief in the big pharma conspiracy theory. Empirical evidence suggests taking caution when looking at similarities between conventional religiosity and conspiracy beliefs.

scholarly journals ПОСТМАТЕРИЈАЛИЗАМ У СРБИЈИ

TEME ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Нина Павловић
Keyword(s):  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
The Self ◽  
Modernization Theory ◽  
Value Change ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
Materialistic Values ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Ronald Inglhart's modernization theory provides a model of global value change, with affirmation of specific national paths of change. The paper considered the importance of the index of postmaterialism as a key element of the self-expression dimension. The distribution of (post)materialistic values in Serbia is presented based on data from the European Values Study and World Values Study from 2001, 2005 and 2008. The data indicate the presence of a stable structure in which the mixed and materialistic type predominates.The influence of sociodemographic factors on postmaterialism was examined by applying the regression analysis to the data from 2008. The results indicate a significant influence of the age, level of education and size of the city, while the impact of the amount of income is not statistically significant. The obtained results support Inglhart's theory of values, but do not exclude the effect of the life cycle.

scholarly journals Multiple Religious Belonging in the Netherlands: An Empirical Approach to Hybrid Religiosity

Open Theology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joantine Berghuijs
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Church Membership ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Exclusive Property ◽  
Feeling At Home ◽  
Do So

AbstractDutch society is highly secularized in terms of decreasing church membership and church attendance. Meanwhile, there are many ‘religious creatives’ who fulfil their need for meaning by using multiple religious sources. This paper presents an empirical investigation into the occurrence and nature of hybrid religion in the Netherlands, seen as ‘multiple religious belonging’ (MRB). After a number of global indications of the importance of MRB, this is the first attempt to quantify and detail MRB in a population. A new approach to ‘religious belonging’ is developed, not in an exclusive, ‘property’ sense, but in terms of being related and feeling at home. This approach leads to a number of ‘modalities of belonging’, that can be measured per religion. To do so, a survey among a representative sample of the Dutch population was used. The survey results indicate that MRB is present among at least 23% of the population in varying combinations and intensities. They also highlight the tendency to emphasize the relatedness between religions, and the permeability and even blurring of the boundaries between them

Can trust become a factor of economic growth? Dynamic changes in the level of trust of Russian youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Bakhtigaraeva ◽  
A. A. Stavinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics

The article considers the role of trust in the economy, the mechanisms of its accumulation and the possibility of using it as one of the growth factors in the future. The advantages and disadvantages of measuring the level of generalized trust using two alternative questions — about trusting people in general and trusting strangers — are analyzed. The results of the analysis of dynamics of the level of generalized trust among Russian youth, obtained within the study of the Institute for National Projects in 10 regions of Russia, are presented. It is shown that there are no significant changes in trust in people in general during the study at university. At the same time, the level of trust in strangers falls, which can negatively affect the level of trust in the country as a whole, and as a result have negative effects on the development of the economy in the future. Possible causes of the observed trends and the role of universities are discussed. Also the question about the connection between the level of education and generalized trust in countries with different quality of the institutional environment is raised.

Społeczeństwo holenderskie i los Żydów: skomplikowana historia

2016 ◽  
pp. 425-434
Author(s):  
Dan Michman
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Western European ◽  
Post War ◽  
Of Greece

The percentage of victimization of Dutch Jewry during the Shoah is the highest of Western, Central and Southern Europe (except, perhaps of Greece), and close to the Polish one: 75%, more than 104.000 souls. The question of disproportion between the apparent favorable status of the Jews in society – they had acquired emancipation in 1796 - and the disastrous outcome of the Nazi occupation as compared to other countries in general and Western European in particular has haunted Dutch historiography of the Shoah. Who should be blamed for that outcome: the perpetrators, i.e. the Germans, the bystanders, i.e. the Dutch or the victims, i.e. the Dutch Jews? The article first surveys the answers given to this question since the beginnings of Dutch Holocaust historiography in the immediate post-war period until the debates of today and the factors that influenced the shaping of some basic perceptions on “Dutch society and the Jews”. It then proceeds to detailing several facts from the Holocaust period that are essential for an evaluation of gentile attitudes. The article concludes with the observation that – in spite of ongoing debates – the overall picture which has accumulated after decades of research will not essentially being altered. Although the Holocaust was initiated, planned and carried out from Berlin, and although a considerable number of Dutchmen helped and hid Jews and the majority definitely despised the Germans, considerable parts of Dutch society contributed to the disastrous outcome of the Jewish lot in the Netherlands – through a high amount of servility towards the German authorities, through indifference when Jewish fellow-citizens were persecuted, through economically benefiting from the persecution and from the disappearance of Jewish neighbors, and through actual collaboration (stemming from a variety of reasons). Consequently, the picture of the Holocaust in the Netherlands is multi-dimensional, but altogether puzzling and not favorable.

W cieniu Anny Frank. Szanse Żydów na przeżycie w okupowanej Holandii

2014 ◽  
pp. 384-406
Author(s):  
Bob Moore
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
German Occupation

During the German occupation of the Netherlands between 1940 and 1945, around 75% of the country’s Jewish population were deported and killed, primarily in the extermination camps of Auschwitz and Sobibor. Much attention has been paid to the factors which explain this, but this article questions how any Jews managed to survive in an increasingly hostile environment where there were no ‘favorable factors’ to aid them. The analysis centers on the attitudes of the Jews towards acting illegally, their relationships with the rest of Dutch society, and the possible opportunities for escape and hiding. It also looks at the myriad problems associated with the day-to-day experiences of surviving underground

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