Het zijn aardige mensen, maar liever niet als buren... : Veranderingen in sociale distantie tegenover migranten, moslims en ‘zigeuners’ in Nederland in de periode 1990-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-481
Author(s):  
Marcel Lubbers ◽  
Peer Scheepers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
Research Questions

Abstract In this study, we focus on a considered key value of the Netherlands: tolerance towards outgroups. We set out to answer the research questions: (1) what has been the longitudinal trend in social distance towards migrants, Muslims and ‘Gypsies’?; and (2) have there been (changes in) longitudinal differences between specific social categories?, in relation to the theoretical assumptions from contact and conflict theory. Based on Dutch data from the European Values Study, we show that social distance towards migrants, Muslims and ‘Gypsies’ increased in the first decade of the century as compared to the previous decade. In the second decade, social distance towards migrants and Muslims has not changed much; however, social distance towards ‘Gypsies’ has strongly increased further, even though the size of the group hardly changed. We discuss differential longitudinal trends within specific societal groups. The youngest cohort, socialized most strongly with immigrants and Muslims, turns out to be most likely to keep distance towards these groups in recent times ‐ a finding more in line with conflict theory than with contact theory. We end with explanations for the observation that particularly the ‘Gypsies’ have become the most excluded outgroup, not just in the Netherlands, but in the whole of Europe.

scholarly journals A New Democratic Norm(al)? Political Legitimacy Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Tim Reeskens ◽  
Quita Muis
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

AbstractThe worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has granted national governments far-reaching political powers to implement drastic non-pharmaceutical interventions to curtail the spread of the virus. For these measures to be effective, governments should be granted widespread political legitimacy. This is established when populations’ expectations from governments are in line with public support for these governments. In this chapter, we investigate changes in political legitimacy during the coronavirus crisis in the Netherlands. Amidst of the pandemic, we collected unique, representative data among LISS-panel respondents that supplemented the European Values Study 2017. We demonstrate that the Dutch public (temporarily) lowered their democratic aspirations thereby longing for strong leadership while simultaneously increasing their trust in the incumbent Government, which, combined, resulted in more political legitimacy. Because of an outspoken period effect, expectations are, however, that this legitimacy will not be long-lived in the new common.

“And Who Is My Brother?” The Scope of Religious Communitarianism in Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-506
Author(s):  
Tom VanHeuvelen ◽  
Robert V. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Concern For Others ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
Poor Children ◽  
The Unemployed

Analyzing 40 countries in the 2008–2009 European Values Study (EVS), we test hypotheses that three religion dimensions—religious orthodoxy (believing), involvement in religious services and organizations (behaving), and affiliation with religious traditions (belonging)—are associated with economic communitarianism as opposed to individualism and with extending economic concern universalistically to all social categories. The EVS assesses respondents’ concern for the living conditions of social categories ranging from their immediate family to all humankind, as well as for vulnerable social categories—the elderly, the sick and disabled, poor children, the unemployed, and immigrants. While we find that Protestants are in some respects limited and exclusive in extending economic communitarianism, two of the most important factors in concern for the well-being of others and in universalistically extending this are religious orthodoxy and involvement in religion. Moreover, the orthodox and the religiously involved are more likely to express concern for the well-being of immigrants. We conclude that people of faith are far less exclusive and particularistic than less religious people in their economic concern for others, suggesting they could support welfare state efforts within their countries, bailouts to help weaker economies in Europe, and foreign aid to improve the conditions of those living in poorer countries.

Seksueel-ethische permissiviteit: trends in Nederland 1981-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-458
Author(s):  
Quita Muis ◽  
Inge Sieben ◽  
Tim Reeskens ◽  
Loek Halman
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Religious Socialization ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Future ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
Moral Convictions

Abstract In this study, we explore trends in sexual-ethical permissiveness in the Netherlands during the last decades. Using Dutch data from the European Values Study (1981-2017), we show that tolerance towards homosexuality, abortion, divorce, euthanasia, and suicide increased in this period. About a third of this trend can be explained by cohort replacement: because younger, more permissive cohorts slowly replace older, less permissive cohorts, the moral climate in society changes. In turn, the differences in sexual-ethical permissiveness between cohorts can be explained by differences in level of education, church attendance and religious socialization. At the same time, the results of the counterfactual analyses show that all groups in Dutch society, including the lower educated and churchgoers, have become more permissive about sexual-ethical aspects of life. Apparently, a moral progressive consensus is present in the Netherlands. Finally, our results show that the youngest cohort, born between 1990 and 1999, appears somewhat less permissive than older cohorts. If these more conservative moral convictions persist in the future and are present in new generations as well, there may be a cultural backlash.

A Mistrustful Society?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-71
Author(s):  
Nicole Horáková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study ◽  
Eastern European Countries

The level of trust in politicians also in government institutions is taken as an indicator of the state of society in general. Various studies have shown that the population of the Central Eastern European countries, and especially the citizens of the Czech Republic, lack trust in state institutions and democratic structures. The trust of the Czech population in government institutions is, compared to other (Western) European countries, at a relatively low level. This article aims to discuss different factors that are currently influencing this lack of trust: the historical, cultural, and institutional. The empirical data for this article is based on the European Values Study and Czech surveys of public opinion concerning trust in government institutions.

scholarly journals Measuring the trust in the European values study and the European social survey

Sociologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-439
Author(s):  
Milos Besic
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
European Values ◽  
European Values Study

In this paper, we compare the latent construct measurement of political and interpersonal trust in two researches: the European Values Study and the European Social Survey. The main goal was to estimate the validity of measuring the respective concepts. In order to achieve this goal, we conducted a number of Principal Component Analyses and Confirmatory Factor Analyses. Additionally, we used multilevel regression modelling to test and compare the effect of socio-demographic variables on political and interpersonal trust in both researches. We identified that socio-demographic predictors had a similar effect on both types of trust. The paper is complemented with descriptive data that portray the differences among countries when it comes to interpersonal and political trust.

scholarly journals Droga, której nie znamy – opowieści uchodźcze

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-39
Author(s):  
Kala Dobosz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Anthropological Research

The presented story, which the reader and the reader will find in the text (when I am silent), comes from interviews collected during my research in the Netherlands in 2013. The research problem I chose at that time – the issue of the identity of Tamils from Sri Lanka in the Netherlands – I decided to investigate using a modified version of the biographical method, which is increasingly used in sociological research. Such a model of analysis is common today also in studies on migration processes, and especially in studies on the problem of refugee. Using this method, in the analytical part, I present the refugee life cycle based on the schema of the rituals of passage by Arnold van Gennep. Therefore, I use a model drawn from anthropological research, namely the pattern of individuals going through certain stages in their development and in the process of social functioning. After the first part, where I outline the research methodology and the main theoretical assumptions, I provide a first-person narrative of one of the people who left Sri Lanka, and her life was inextricably intertwined with the local nearly 30-year civil war.

Public Perceptions of Child Sexual Exploitation Abroad: A Vignette Experiment on the Influence of Social Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110647
Author(s):  
Anneke Koning
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Crime Severity ◽  
Child Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Vignette Experiment ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of social and spatial distance on public opinion about sexual exploitation of children. A randomized vignette experiment among members of a Dutch household panel investigated whether public perceptions of child sexual exploitation were more damning or more lenient when it occurred in a country closer to home, and explored theoretical explanations. The results show that offenses committed in the Netherlands or U.S. are overall perceived as more negative than those committed in Romania or Thailand. Social distance affects public perceptions about crime severity, and victims are attributed more responsibility in socially close than socially distant conditions. The study concludes that public perceptions are contingent upon the crime location, even when applied to child sexual exploitation.

scholarly journals Bonding or Bridging? Volunteering Among the Members of Six Thriving Evangelical Congregations in the Netherlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 962-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Vermeer ◽  
Peer Scheepers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Church Members ◽  
The West ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Bible Reading

Abstract The rise of conservative religion in the West threatens the enduring positive contribution of religion to civil society, if conservative churches, as often assumed, indeed generate more bonding than bridging social capital. Against this background, this study explores the civic engagement of evangelicals in the Netherlands. Two research questions are addressed: (1) To what extent are Dutch evangelicals more involved in religious than non-religious volunteering as compared to mainline Christians and non-church members? and (2) Which decisive factors determine the religious and non-religious volunteering of Dutch evangelicals as compared to mainline Christians and non-church members? Results show that these orthodox Christians are more involved in religious than in non-religious volunteering. Their religious volunteering is determined by their church attendance, Bible reading and social embeddedness in their congregation, while their non-religious volunteering is impeded by their mono-religious orientation and social embeddedness in their congregation and by the volunteering of their parents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document