Adviserend beter* : De pragmatiek en syntaxis van een modaal-subjectief bijwoord

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-39
Author(s):  
Kristel Doreleijers ◽  
Norbert Corver
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Clausal Structure ◽  
Linguistic Approach

Abstract This paper presents a qualitative analysis of a construction that has not been studied extensively yet, namely the Dutch beter-construction, as in Beter ga je bij Starbucks koffie halen, ‘You better get yourself a coffee at Starbucks’. The paper gives a detailed description of the syntactic structure and the pragmatics of the construction. We argue that the sentence-initial adverb beter in the beter-construction differs, in both meaning and distributional characteristics, from the comparative adverb beter. By conducting three tests based on Broekhuis & Corver (2016), we show that it functions as a clause adverb in contrast to comparative beter, which functions as a VP-adverb. Moreover, we show that the adverb beter in the beter-construction shares important properties with modal and subjective adverbs. Adopting the generative-linguistic approach to clausal structure, we further propose that modal beter is a phrase that undergoes movement from a sentence-internal modifier position to the clause-initial position.

Semantic and pragmatic effectsof negative markers

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-103
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alqassas
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clausal Structure ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Negative Statements ◽  
The One ◽  
Structural Positions

This chapter focuses on the semantic and pragmatic effects associated with the various positions of negation. Particularly, presuppositional readings for negative statements follow from different structural positions of negation (higher in the TP) as opposed to the non-presuppositional interpretations associated with the lower NegP below TP. This chapter also analyses contrasts between SA maa on the one hand and laa and its variants on the other hand. These contrasts are related to scope readings, presupposition, mood and speech acts (commissive, directive, volitive, and (ir)realis). I argue that presuppositional negation is a product of the interplay between syntax and pragmatics. Specifically, I propose that presuppositional negative markers are higher in the syntactic structure. They occupy a position above the tense phrase in the clausal structure, namely NegP above TP (cf. Zanuttini 1997 for similar effects in various Romance). Pragmatically marked negation includes presuppositional negation, categorical negation and cleft-negation. The former two are in a NegP above TP, while the latter is in CP.

scholarly journals Validade de construto e fidedignidade de uma lista de checagem para análise do saque do voleibol

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Cicero Luciano Alves Costa ◽  
Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira ◽  
Cintia De Oliveira Matos ◽  
Madson Pereira Cruz ◽  
Herbert Ugrinowitsch
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Sports Sciences ◽  
Male Subjects

This study aims to investigate the construct validity and reliability of the checklist for qualitative analysis of the overhand serve in Volleyball. Fifty-five male subjects aged 13-17 years participated in the study. The overhand serve was analyzed using the checklist proposed by Meira Junior (2003), which analyzes the pattern of serve movement in four phases: (I) initial position, (II) ball lifting, (III) ball attacking, and (IV) finalization. Construct validity was analyzed using confirmatory factorial analysis and reliability through the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The construct validity was supported by confirmatory factor analysis with the RMSEA results (0.037 [confidence interval 90% = 0.020-0.040]), CFI (0.970) and TLI (0.950) indicating good fit of the model. In relation to reliability, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.661, being this value considered acceptable. Among the items on the checklist, ball lifting and attacking showed higher factor loadings, 0.69 and 0.99, respectively. In summary, the checklist for the qualitative analysis of the overhand serve of Meira Junior (2003) can be considered a valid and reliable instrument for use in research in the field of Sports Sciences.

Discourse patterns in the development of discourse markers in English

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Clausal Structure ◽  
Discourse Patterns ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Discourse Frequency

The role of discourse frequency in the development of two English connectives is explored, in the context of recent work emphasizing the role of syntagmatic relations in language change and suggesting that it is constructions, rather than lexical items, which grammaticalize. The development of sub-constructions with in fact and at least are traced in a quantitative study based on corpora of formal and informal historical English. Each case involves an adverbial undergoing functional split as the clausal structure in which it is used becomes aligned with different discourse (sub-)constructions. In fact becomes both contrastive and elaborative; at least becomes evaluative and reformulative. It is shown how the adverbial expression in each case becomes compressed and more abstract, so that its informational weight is reduced, and how the English principle of end focus pushes it increasingly towards clause-initial position, resulting in alignment with the connective construction.

scholarly journals Non-canonical word order and temporal reference in Vietnamese

Linguistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Thuan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Clausal Structure ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The Past ◽  
Base Position ◽  
Temporal Interpretation ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Parameter Theory

Abstract The paper revisits Duffield’s (2007) (Duffield, Nigel. 2007. Aspects of Vietnamese clausal structure: Separating tense from assertion. Linguistics 45(4). 765–814) analysis of the correlation between the position of a ‘when’-phrase and the temporal reference of a bare sentence in Vietnamese. Bare sentences in Vietnamese, based on (Smith, Carlota S. & Mary S. Erbaugh. 2005. Temporal interpretation in Mandarin Chinese. Linguistics 43(4). 713–756), are argued to obtain their temporal interpretation from their aspectual composition, and the default temporal reference: bounded events are located in the past, unbounded events at present. It is shown that the correlation so observed in when-questions is superficial, and is tied to the syntax and semantics of temporal modification and the requirement that temporal adverbials denoting future time is base generated in sentence-initial position, and past time adverbials in sentence-final position. A ‘when’-phrase, being temporally underspecified, obtains its temporal value from its base position. However, the correlation between word order and temporal reference in argument wh-questions and declaratives is factual, depending on whether the predicate-argument configuration allows for a telic interpretation or not. To be specific, it is dependent on whether the application of Generic Modification (Snyder, William. 2012. Parameter theory and motion predicates. In Violeta Demonte & Louise McNally (eds.), Telicity, change, and state. Acrosscategorial view of event structure, 279–299. Oxford: Oxford University Press) or accomplishment composition is realized. Canonical declaratives, and argument wh-questions, with telicity inducing material, license GM or accomplishment composition, yielding bounded events, hence past; by contrast, their non-canonical counterparts block GM or accomplishment composition, giving rise to unbounded event descriptions, hence non-past.

scholarly journals A QUANTITATIVE METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF CONNECTIVES: THE "PORTRAIT" OF THE RUSSIAN CONJUNCTION ILI (OR) IN THE SUPRACORPORA DATABASE OF CONNECTIVES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Inkova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Semantic Relation ◽  
Text Fragment ◽  
Clear Predominance ◽  
Logical Semantic

The functional properties of the conjunction ili ‘or’ are quite well studied and discussed in grammars and number of specific studies. However, they were not subjected to multivariate quantitative analysis. The paper proposes this kind of analysis, carried out according to six parameters: i) logical-semantic relation expressed by the conjunction, ii) syntactic structure of the text fragment introduced by it, iii) position of the conjunction in this text fragment, iv) order of the text fragments connected by it, v) status of ili in the context (cf. its use as a particle mentioned in MAS), vi) disposition of the elements that make up the multiword connectives (cf. ili ... ili prosto ‘or ... or just’). The analysis of the formal variants of ili, carried out using the Supracorpora database of connectives, made it possible to formulate the conclusions that follow and to confirm them with quantitative data. i) Always occupying the initial position in the text fragment introduced by him, ili is used mainly as a connective. ii) The most typical order of text fragments for formal variants with ili is the p CNT q scheme. iii) By its syntactic characteristics ili is directly opposite to i ‘and’: ili is used in written texts in most cases for a non-predicative coordination. iv) Formal variants with ili express the relation of alternative at all three semantic levels (propositional, illocutive, metalinguistic), as well as the relations of substitution, correction, and negative alternative, but with a clear predominance of propositional alternative. v) Ili forms multiword and two- and multicomponent connectives; their composition varies depending on the relation expressed by them.

Italian sentence adverbs in the left periphery

Revue Romane ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-120
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria De Cesare
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Left Periphery ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Sentence Adverbs

Abstract This contribution describes the functional properties of Italian sentence adverbs (SAs) occurring in the left periphery, i.e. in clause initial position, on the basis of a corpus-based analysis of articles drawn from online daily newspapers. We show that a qualitative analysis of the data found in our corpus (albeit relatively small) using the Basel model for paragraph segmentation allows to substantially refining our understanding of the information and discourse properties of these items. Our data suggests that there are important differences in the information properties of two classes of SAs, thereby confirming a classification of the category of SAs in at least two main categories. Finally, the data analyzed allows further refining our taxonomic model of Sentence Adverbials.

scholarly journals Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) Approach and Sports Texts of the Postgraduate Students at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmatullah Katawazai ◽  
Wali Khan Monib ◽  
Mohammad Sharif Hassanzoy ◽  
Ziauddin Quvanch ◽  
Noor Abidah Mohd Omar
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Functional Linguistics ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistic ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Dominant Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Approach

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the scripts entitled ‘‘Sports’’ in terms of processes used and text type based on (Halliday, 1994) Systemic Functional Linguistic approach. Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) is looking into the syntactic structure of a clause based on six processes including material, mental and relational process (major category) and verbal, behavioral, and existential processes (minor category). Forty (40) students of the subject ‘Dynamics of Leadership’ at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia were assigned to write essays about ‘Sports’ in between 300—400 words within thirty (30) minutes and sixteen (16) essays were selected for the analysis. Researchers used mixed-method in order to analyze both quantitative (numerical) and qualitative (descriptive) data. All the collected essays were analyzed and then the percentage of all the six processes has been shown in descriptive statistics and interpreted in tabulations and bar graphs. The findings indicate that the dominant process used in all the scripts was material—doing and happening— and subsequently relational. Focusing more on nominalization, the analyzed manuscripts were found to be wordy.

It’s Time to Do News Again

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-409
Author(s):  
Anna Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Cognitive System ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Force Dynamics ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Approach

AbstractThe study analyses the RT USA show “The News with Rick Sanchez” to identify persuasive and manipulative communication strategies realised by the host’s integration of speech and co-speech gestures.What cognitive systems, conceptual processes and schemas does the speaker employ to construct and communicate viewpoint? What linguistic and gestural units enable certain viewpoint construction? What role does social context play in the interpretation of these units?After a quantitative overview of the use of body-directed and related outward-directed gestures in 180 minutes of RT recordings, the study offers a fine-grained qualitative analysis of viewpoint construction behind four situations from these RT data. It develops an advanced cognitive-linguistic approach anchored in conceptual blending (Fauconnier and Turner 2002) and the cognitive system of force dynamics (Talmy 1988, 2000). The study argues that this approach is successful in revealing speech-gesture integrations as triggering viewpoint blending for the purpose of manipulation and is useful for transferring manual qualitative analysis to analysis at scale.

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