scholarly journals Alternations in serum vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and lipid profile levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients of North-West India

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Kuldip Singh ◽  
Asha Khubchandani ◽  
Sarbjot Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction and Aim: Thirty-two million Indians are suffering with diabetes mellitus worldwide and predicted that this number of diabetes to be increased to 80 million by 2030. Many reports revealed a positive relationship between diabetic patients suffering with 25 (OH) D deficiency. In developing nations like India 60% adults were found showing manifestations of vitamin D deficiency and dyslipidemia, a well-known risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we designed the study to evaluate alterations in vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus along with complete lipid profile levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in North-West Indians.Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and equal number of healthy control subjects of both genders were recruited in the study. 5ml of blood was collected by venipuncture after 12-14 hours fasting in plain and potassium oxalate: sodium fluoride vial. Serum and plasma were separated and used for the determination of 25(OH) D levels, calcium, phosphorus and complete lipid profile levels.Results: A significantly (p < 0.001) high level of glucose was observed in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics subjects while a significant fall (p < 0.001) was recorded in vitamin D levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics in comparison to healthy control subjects. The nominal changes were seen in calcium and phosphorus levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics with respect to healthy control subjects. Statistically significant increase was found in total cholesterol (p < 0.05), triglyceride (p < 0.001) and VLDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001) levels while no significant changes was observed in LDL- cholesterol and HDL- cholesterol levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics with respect to healthy subjects.Conclusion: Aforementioned observations suggested that a significant decrease in vitamin D levels was associated with increased glucose and lipid levels like total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol levels could be responsible for the initiation of various diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis etc. Hence, new interventions should be included as a part of treatment to reduce the risk of type-2 diabetics and CVDs like atherosclerosis

scholarly journals A study on lipoprotein(a) in health and type-2 diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Premkumar K. S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Increased lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] concentrations are predictive of coronary artery disease (CAD). Type 2 diabetes mellitus also leads to dyslipidemia, which are known risk factors for CAD. This study was designed to investigate the levels of Lp (a) in type 2 diabetic patients and their association with healthy controls and glycemic control.Methods: The study included 87 subjects out of which 20 were healthy volunteers. The remaining 67 were patients with type 2 diabetes from which 3 groups were formed 23 formed newly diagnosed group while those on treatment for diabetes were 44 out of which 22 were type 2 diabetics on oral hypoglycemic agents and the other 22 were type 2 diabetics on insulin. Individuals suffering from HT, renal disease, liver disease, thyroid dysfunction, nephrotic syndrome & cardiac disease, alcoholics, smokers or on lipid lowering drugs were excluded. Statistical analysis was done using the pearsons correlation.Results: Lp(a) levels were found to be significantly increased in the diabetic group irrespective of whether newly diagnosed not on treatment or old cases on treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. Lp(a) levels showed no correlation to the degree of glycemic control in these patients. Lp(a) positively correlates with total cholesterol, LDLc and negatively with TGL and VLDLc in diabetics while it does not correlate with any of the lipid parameters in controlsConclusions: The results of the present study suggest that Lp(a) levels are increased in type 2 diabetic patients. The elevated Lp(a) levels do not reflect the glycemic status and correlates with increase in total cholesterol and LDLc suggesting similar metabolic pathways and the genetic connection for LDL and Lp(a).

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Clinical and Metabolic Parameters Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients With and Without Retinopathy in Primary Health Clinics in Medan City, North Sumatera, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Rusdiana ◽  
Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽  
Mila Hayati Daulay ◽  
Almaycano Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing steadily and diabeticretinopathy is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. This research aims tocompare different clinical and metabolic parameters among type 2 diabetic patients with and withoutdiabetic retinopathy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at various primary health care centers in Medan cityand the surrounding areas in North Sumatera from May to July 2020. Collected medical data includedblood pressure, body mass index, duration of disease, family history and medical treatment. Laboratorydata included blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile. Diabetic retinopathy wasdetected by funduscopic examination by an ophthalmologist. Results: Total patients were 88 and 26 had retinopathy. There was significant difference betweenthe average blood pressure, blood glucose and HbA1C values among patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus with and without retinopathy (p<0.005). But, there was no significant difference between theaverage body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference and lipid profile. Conclusion: Study showed that type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy had increased blood glucoselevels and HbA1c than patients without retinopathy. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2020; 31(2) :64-68

scholarly journals Lipid Profile Pattern in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
Most Sarmin Sultana ◽  
Yasmin Akhter ◽  
Mimi Parvin ◽  
Md Mahbub Ul Alam ◽  
Lubna Naznin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Dyslipidemia has been noted to play an integral role in the pathogenesis and progression of micro and macrovascular complications in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. Lipid profile is the indicators of dyslipidemia. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in type 2 DM patients. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) from November 2014 to October 2015. The study included 300 type 2 diabetic patients belonging to the age group 30-59 years. Personal data and history of co-existing medical conditions were collected by data collection sheet and analyzed. Results: Among 300 study subjects with type 2 DM the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 94% among them 19% had single dyslipidemia and 75% had multiple dyslipidemia. In this study, high level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides(TG) and Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C) were found in 47.3%, 76.7% and 41.3% patients respectively. High Density Lipoprotein- Cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were found to be low in 60% patients. Conclusion: The study revealed that dyslipidemia is very common in type 2 diabetic patients and the most common abnormality observed was increased serum TG level followed by decreased HDL-C level. So, patients with type 2 DM should be followed up with serum lipid profile regularly. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 177-179

scholarly journals Serum Homocysteine and its Association with Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Moitreyee Majumder ◽  
Forhadul Hoque Mollah ◽  
Md Fariduddin ◽  
Sharif Mohammad Ehsan ◽  
Shamim Ara Ferdous
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes accounts for almost 6% of total global mortality, with 50% of diabetesassociated deaths being attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in rural Bangladeshi and in urban Bangladeshi is found to be 7.2% and 10.5% respectively. People of developing countries suffer from the disease at earlier age than that of developed countries. Among the diabetic patients, vascular complications represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Diabetes is commonly accompanied by other cardiovascular risk factors: dyslipidemia, hypertension, and increased prothrombotic factors. Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) is an emerging CVD risk factor. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in diabetes mellitus along with increased homocysteine is thought to cause endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction together with other factors such as dyslipidemia, microalbuminemia etc. causes cardiovascular disease.Objectives: Objective of the study was to evaluate serum total homocysteine level and to correlate it with fasting lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted during the period of July 2011- June 2013 on 95 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus, attending the Endocrine OPD of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. Study subjects were selected by purposive and convenient sampling technique.Result: Study subjects were categorized according to the presence or absence of hyperhomocysteinemia. Among the total study population hyperhomocysteinemia was found in 21.05 %. Among them number of male was greater. The study population had mean serum total cholesterol 198.34±39.62(mg/dl), triacylglycerol 198.91±116.71(mg/dl), LDL 126.75±35.38(mg/ dl), HDL 34.35±8.31(mg/dl), TC:HDL=15.67±6.07:1,and LDL:HDL=9.94±3.88:1 Independant sample t test showed that there was significant inverse association of hyperhomocysteinemia with HDL. Other parameters of lipid profile and lipid ratios did not show any significant association.Conclusions: Around one fifth of the type 2 diabetic patients had hyperhomocysteinemia. Significant inverse association was present between hyperhomocysteinemia and HDL. Other parameters of lipid profile and lipid ratios did not show any significant association.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 42-46

Homocysteine induces caspase activation by endoplasmic reticulum stress in platelets from type 2 diabetics and healthy donors

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (05) ◽  
pp. 1022-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanene Zbidi ◽  
Pedro Redondo ◽  
Jose López ◽  
Aghleb Bartegi ◽  
Gines Salido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

SummaryDiabetes mellitus is a disease characterised by hyperglycaemia and associated with several cardiovascular disorders, including angiopathy and platelet hyperactivity, which are major causes of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In type 2 diabetic patients, homo-cysteine levels are significantly increased compared with healthy subjects. Hyperhomocysteinaemia is an independent risk factor for macro-and microangiopathy and mortality. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of homocysteine on platelet apoptosis. Changes in cytosolic or intraluminal free Ca2+ concentration were determined by fluorimetry. Caspase activity and phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) were explored by Western blot. Our results indicate that homocysteine releases Ca2+ from agonist sensitive stores, enhances eIF2α phosphorylation at Ser51 and activates caspase-3 and -9 independently of extracellular Ca2+. Homocysteine induced activation of caspase-3 and -9 was abolished by salubrinal, an agent that prevents endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis. Homo-cysteine-induced platelet effects were significantly greater in type 2 diabetics than in healthy subjects. These findings demonstrate that homocysteine induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis in human platelets, an event that is enhanced in type 2 diabetic patients, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D as an Adjuvant to Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs in Treatment of Type-2 Diabetic Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Sughandha Garg ◽  
Debayan Mallik
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered as one of the nonskeletal diseases related with deficiency of vitamin D. Both T2DM and vitamin D deficiency have similar risk factors, such as obesity, aging, and sedentary lifestyle. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic syndrome disorders are also associated with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D plays an important functional role in glucose homeostasis through its effects on insulin secretion and sensitivity. It may reduce insulin resistance (IR) indirectly through its effect on calcium and phosphate metabolism and through upregulation of the insulin receptor gene. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate role of vitamin D as an adjuvant to oral hypoglycemic drugs in treatment of Type 2 diabetic patients. Aims and Objectives : Vitamin D deficiency appears to be related to the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 and the metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D may affect glucose homeostasis, vitamin D levels having been found to be inversely related to glycosylated hemoglobin levels in diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to evaluate role of vitamin D as an adjuvant to oral hypoglycemic drugs in treatment of Type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: The study was done on 60 patients diagnosed with T2DM. A total of 60 patients, control group were type 2 Diabetic patients on oral hypoglycemic drugs without vitamin D supplementation (n=30) and study group was type 2 Diabetic patients on oral hypoglycemic drugs with vitamin D supplementation (n=30). Results: The mean aged of patients was 43.27±8.80 in control group and 47.93±8.39 in study group. The family history of diabetes mellitus was 39 patients. HbA1C, FBG, Postprandial were decreased in study group as compared to control group from baseline (0 day) to 90 days, respectively. Other parameters like hemoglobin, Serum Creatinine serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase were slight changes in study group as compared to control group from baseline (0 day) to 90 days, respectively. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that vitamin D as an adjuvant to oral hypoglycemic drugs in treatment in diabetic patients, vitamin D levels being related to glycemic control in diabetes mellitus type 2. These findings may have therapeutic implications as cautious vitamin D supplementation may improve glycemic control in diabetes mellitus type 2.

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF HB1AC WITH LIPID PROFILE IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DM PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukh Chain ◽  
Mansa Ram Saran
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
High Hba1c

Background: HbA1c is a main indicator for mean blood glucose level. Dyslipidemia especially high LDL, is common in diabetes mellitus and is strongly associated with poor glycemic control. Method: A retrospective study was carried out to determine the LDL levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics. A total of 100 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics were enrolled in our study. Result: In our study, maximum patients (54.00%) were from 46-60 years followed by, 25.00% patients who were more than 60 years and 21.00% patients were less than 45 years of age. HbA1c is significantly directly proportional to LDL level Conclusion: It was concluded from the results of this study that type 2 diabetic patients are more prone to dyslipidemia. In newly diagnosed type type 2 diabetes mellitus, high LDL levels were found in patients with high HbA1C levels.  Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, LDL

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nahar ◽  
MZ Rahman ◽  
M Ullah ◽  
BC Debnath ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Serum Triglyceride Level ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: People with metabolic syndrome are twice as likely to die from, and three times as likely to have a heart attack or stroke compared with people without the syndrome. People with metabolic syndrome have a five-fold greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We investigated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Methods: It was a cross sectional study. The study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet & Diabetic Hospital, Sylhet. The study was conducted From July 2008 to June 2009 among 200 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with age >20 years. Along with blood glucose, different components of metabolic syndrome was assessed, i.e. serum triglyceride level, serum HDL level, blood pressure and waist circumference. Results- Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 73.5% according to NCEP-ATP III criteria, 81.0% according to modified NCEP-ATP III criteria, 82.5% according to modified WHO criteria and 61.0% according to IDF criteria. All variables other than waist hip ratio and fasting blood sugar had statistically significant higher mean values among patients with metabolic syndrome than patients without metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: It may be concluded that prevalence of metabolic syndrome is considerable in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in our population. The considerable prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our population is implicative of an alarming risk of cardiovascular disease in future. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome; Type II diabetes mellitus. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v4i1.9385 Cardiovasc. J. 2011; 4(1): 17-25

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