Association of metabolic syndrome in patients of vitiligo

The metabolic syndrome is the term used to describe a constellations of metabolic derangements that includes insulin resistance, hypertension, Dyslipidemia, central or visceral obesity, type 2 DM & accelerated cardiovascular disease. An oxidative imbalance is responsible for the development of both metabolic syndrome & vitiligo. In the present study we have evaluated the association of metabolic syndrome with Vitiligo.In this observational cross-sectional study we selected 40 subjects attending skin OPD with age matched 40 controls and assessed the waist circumference, blood pressure, serum triglyceride level, cholesterol and high-density cholesterol along with Fasting blood glucose level at tertiary care Hospital. A detailed history including age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking and onset of vitiligo was taken. The MetS criteria were defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III 2005 (ATP III) guidelines.We identified metabolic syndrome in 15 subjects with vitiligo and 6 subjects without vitiligo. The P value came 0.022 which is statistically significant. Active vitiligo, segmental vitiligo and increased duration of vitiligo were determined to be independent predictors of metabolic syndrome.The risk of developing metabolic syndrome is increased in patients of vitiligo. Screening and the close follow up of the patients of vitiligo with clinical feature such as in unstable, segmental vitiligo with increased duration is necessary for the early diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome to reduce the morbidity & mortality of the patients

Fatal accidental lipid overdose with intravenous composite lipid emulsion in a premature newborn: a case report

Background Tenfold or more overdose of a drug or preparation is a dreadful adverse event in neonatology, often due to an error in programming the infusion pump flow rate. Lipid overdose is exceptional in this context and has never been reported during the administration of a composite intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE). Case presentation Twenty-four hours after birth, a 30 weeks’ gestation infant with a birthweight of 930 g inadvertently received 28 ml of a composite ILE over 4 h. The ILE contained 50% medium-chain triglycerides and 50% soybean oil, corresponding to 6 g/kg of lipids (25 mg/kg/min). The patient developed acute respiratory distress with echocardiographic markers of pulmonary hypertension and was treated with inhaled nitric oxide and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Serum triglyceride level peaked at 51.4 g/L, 17 h after the lipid overload. Triple-volume exchange transfusion was performed twice, decreasing the triglyceride concentration to < 10 g/L. The infant’s condition remained critical, with persistent bleeding and shock despite supportive treatment and peritoneal dialysis. Death occurred 69 h after the overdose in a context of refractory lactic acidosis. Conclusions Massive ILE overdose is life-threatening in the early neonatal period, particularly in premature and hypotrophic infants. This case highlights the vigilance required when ILEs are administered separately from other parenteral intakes. Exchange transfusion should be considered at the first signs of clinical or biological worsening to avoid progression to multiple organ failure.

Mori Fructus Polysaccharides Attenuate Alcohol-Induced Liver Damage by Regulating Fatty Acid Synthesis, Degradation and Glycerophospholipid Metabolism in Mice

Mori Fructus polysaccharides (MFP) are macromolecules extracted from Mori Fructus (MF), which has the biological activity of anti-liver damage. Our group found that MFP maybe down regulate the serum triglyceride level in mice with alcohol-induced liver damage, suggesting that MFP can regulate lipid metabolism, but its specific mechanism is still not clear. Fifty SPF-ICR male mice weighing 18–22 g were randomly divided into five groups, blank group, model group, bifendate group, MFPA1 group and MFPB1 group. The blood and liver tissues were taken from mice for nontargeted lipidomic analysis and histopathological examination after 7 day’s treatment. The histopathological changes indicated that the normal liver cells were intact and regular, with orderly arrangement and distinct cell boundaries; the liver of model mice showed inflammatory infiltration, ballooning degeneration in the cells and small lipid drops; the liver of mice in the bifendate, MFPA1 and MFPB1 groups showed similar symptoms to those of model mice, but the lesions were less severe and the ballooning degeneration were reduced. Multivariate analysis of all lipids in the serum of five groups of mice showed there were obvious differences in lipid metabolism between the model group and the blank group. At the same time, seven kinds of differential lipids were precisely identified after screening, including prostaglandins, long-chain fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, acyl carnitines. In summary, alcohol intake and MFP intervention have significant effects on fatty acid synthesis, degradation and glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Severe Hypertriglyceridemia Induced by Docetaxel: A Novel Case Report

Docetaxel (DOC) is one of the most effective agents for breast cancer treatment. Here, we report docetaxel-induced severe hypertriglyceridemia in a patient previously diagnosed with hyperlipidemia and corresponding therapeutic intervention. A postmenopausal woman, with previously controlled hyperlipidemia using rosuvastatin 5 mg daily, was diagnosed with stage IIB breast cancer with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 overexpression; she received DOC (75 mg/m²), pertuzumab, and trastuzumab treatment as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The serum triglyceride level was mildly higher than normal, and cholesterol level was normal at baseline. The serum triglyceride level was almost stable after chemotherapy initiation but suddenly increased to grade 3 (770 mg/dL) after the third cycle of the treatment without any symptoms. Sustained-release bezafibrate 400 mg was administered, resulting in a significant decrease to the baseline level; bezafibrate was discontinued on day 28 of the fourth chemotherapy as neoadjuvant chemotherapy was completed. The level was stable around the baseline level during adjuvant chemotherapy with pertuzumab and trastuzumab. Therefore, DOC-induced severe hypertriglyceridemia was strongly indicated in this case. The mechanism underlying the symptoms remains unclear; we speculate that it could be a resultant of a decrease in lipid metabolism as the patient had grade 2 diarrhea. Moreover, her backgrounds, such as mild hypertriglyceridemia, postmenopausal, diabetes, and obesity, in addition to DOC administration might have affected the outcome. Fibrate administration and cessation of treatment were as effective as in previous reports. DOC-induced hypertriglyceridemia presents with the possibility of severe complications. Elucidation of the exact mechanisms and epidemiological features is required for better management.

Effects of Hamo NK hard capsule on experimental atherosclerosis model

This study evaluated the effects of Hamo NK hard capsule on athresclerosis using experimental atherosclerosis model. NewZealand White rabbits were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) containing cholesterol and peanut oil. The animals received oral administration of HFD and Hamo NK hard capsule at two doses of 0.126 and 0.378 g/kg bw/day for 8 consecutive weeks. Blood samples were collected for analyis of biochemical parameters at before treatment, week 4 and week 8. Histopathology assessments of the aortic artery and liver were carried out at the end of the experiment. Hamo NK was effective in reducing serum triglyceride level after 8 weeks of the experiment. In addition, Hamo NK at two doses of 0.126 g/kg b.w and 0.378 g/kg b.w for 8 consecutive weeks did not affect the cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations induced by a HFD. Hamo NK at the dose of 0.126 g/kg bw/day was not only able to decrease significant aortic surface lesions but also capable of managing atherosclerosis plaques formation in aorta; whereas theses activities were not notiaceable at the dose of 0.378 g/kg b.w.

A case of tamoxifen-induced hypertriglyceridemia monitoring the changes in lipoprotein fractions over time

Background Tamoxifen, which is one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), can bring out life-threatening complication, e.g. hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis, although it is rare. We precisely report changes in lipoprotein metabolism before and after tamoxifen discontinuation because there have been few reports of it. Case presentation 47-year-old premenopausal woman with dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease was prescribed tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy after operation of breast cancer. She experienced severe tamoxifen-induced hypertriglyceridemia several months after dosing tamoxifen. Before cessation of tamoxifen, lipoprotein fraction test revealed marked stagnation of VLDL and IDL metabolisms, resulting in severe hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride level was 1881 mg/dL). Seven days after tamoxifen withdrawal, lipoprotein fraction test showed that the metabolisms of endogenous lipoproteins were changed drastically. Conclusions From these results, we confirmed that tamoxifen certainly changes lipoprotein metabolism through suppression of post-heparin lipolytic activity. It is very important to evaluate the balance between benefit and risk before dosing tamoxifen and survey lipid profiles constantly during treatment to avoid life-threatening complication when prescription of tamoxifen is planned.

Prevalence Rate and Correlation Between Triglyceride Level and Human Body Mass Index in Sulaimani Province, Iraq

The condition of elevated concentrations of ‎triglyceride in ‎the blood is called hypertriglyceridemia, which ‎triggers the onset of some physiological disorder. This study was carried out to find the ‎correlation between body weight and ‎hypertriglyceridemia. ‎Out of 518 cases, 342 individuals were underweight, with body ‎mass index (BMI) values of ≤18, while their mean ‎serum triglyceride level was 172.4 ± 25.2mg/dl. In addition, 99 cases had normal BMI of >18, whereas 60 were overweight (‎BMI = 25-29), with mean serum triglyceride level of 182.3 ± 15.9. Also, 17 cases were obese (BMI >30), where the ‎mean triglyceride level was 202 ± 25.6. The results showed no significant differences in terms of weight categories and triglyceride levels, whereas significant ‎effects of marital status, daily exercise, and diet on elevated triglyceride ‎levels were observed. These findings conclude that underweight and ‎normal BMI individuals were as much at risk of elevated level of triglyceride as overweight and obese ones, which are mostly at higher risk. Moreover, daily exercise and supplementary nutrient have significant effects on triglyceride level.