scholarly journals Multimodal Examination of Distress Tolerance and Suicidality in Acute-Care Psychiatric Inpatients

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anka A. Vujanovic ◽  
Erin C. Berenz ◽  
Jafar Bakhshaie
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Behavioral Indices ◽  
Mirror Tracing

The present investigation examined associations between distress tolerance, examined multimodally via self-report and behavioral indices, and suicidality. Participants were 102 psychiatric inpatients (44.1% women; Mage=33.9, SD=10.8). Distress tolerance was measured via the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), Mirror-Tracing Persistence Task (MTPT), and Breath-Holding Task. Suicidality was defined as: number of past suicide attempts, self-reported suicidal ideation severity, and suicidality as reason for the current hospital admission. When DT indices were examined concurrently, only MTPT was negatively associated with number of past suicide attempts; perceived DT (DTS) was negatively associated with suicidal ideation severity and suicidality as the reason for current admission.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

Interoceptive deficits, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicide risk: a multi-sample study of indirect effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (16) ◽  
pp. 2789-2800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Hagan ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Amy M. Brausch ◽  
Jennifer J. Muehlenkamp ◽  
Thomas E. Joiner
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Two Samples

AbstractBackgroundInteroceptive deficits (ID) have been associated with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior in multiple studies. Many of these studies are limited in scope, and have not fully examined possible mechanisms explaining how ID affect suicidal behavior.MethodsThis study assesses how self-reported ID relate to suicide ideation and attempts in six distinct and geographically diverse samples of adults (n = 2706) and one sample of adolescents (n = 436). Participants responded to a variety of self-report questionnaires and interviews.ResultsContrary to our hypothesis, self-reported ID were only associated with suicidal ideation in two samples, one of which was the adolescent sample. Largely consistent with our predictions, self-reported ID exhibited an indirect effect on suicide attempts through versatility of NSSI in four of the five adult samples tested. Finally, the indirect effects of self-reported ID on suicide attempts through NSSI versatility did not act indirectly through behaviorally assessed pain tolerance.ConclusionsWe found that, in adults, self-reported ID are not associated with suicidal ideation, but are connected with a history of suicide attempts, through an indirect effect via NSSI. Our findings also indicate that the mechanism of action leading from self-reported ID to suicidal behavior may differ between adolescents and adults, and relate to suicidal behavior independent of pain tolerance. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals PTSD and Suicidal Behaviors Amongst L'Aquila 2009 Earthquake Young Survivors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Carmassi ◽  
Carlo Antonio Bertelloni ◽  
Valerio Dell'Oste ◽  
Chiara Luperini ◽  
Donatella Marazziti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Partial Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most frequent and severe psychiatric consequences of natural disasters, frequently associated with suicidality. The aim of this study was at examining the possible relationships between suicidal behaviors and full-blown or partial PTSD, in a sample of young earthquake survivors. The second aim was at investigating the specific role of PTSD symptoms on suicidality.Methods: A total of 475 young adults who survived the L'Aquila 2009 earthquake, one of the most severe Italian disasters of the last decades, were recruited and assessed after 21 months from the catastrophe. Participants were evaluated by two questionnaires assessing subthreshold psychopathology, the Trauma and Loss Spectrum Self-Report (TALS-SR) to investigate both full and partial PTSD, and two specific Mood Spectrum Self-Report (MOODS-SR) sub-domains exploring suicidality, namely suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.Results: The ensuing findings showed that suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were present, respectively, in 40 (8.4%) and 11 (2.3%) survivors. Rates of suicidal ideation were significantly more elevated in full-blown PTSD subjects (group 1), as compared with those suffering from partial (group 2) or no PTSD (group 3). Interestingly, group 2 subjects showed significantly more suicidal ideation than healthy individuals, and less than those of group 1, while the frequency of suicide attempts was similar across the three groups. Suicidal ideation was associated with higher scores in the following TALS-SR domains: grief-reactions, re-experiencing, avoidance and numbing, maladaptive coping, and personal characteristics/risk factor.Conclusions: The results of the present study support and extend previous findings on the role of PTSD symptoms in suicidality after a severe earthquake. However, as compared with available literature, they also highlight the significant impact of sub-threshold PTSD manifestations in increasing the suicide risk in survivors of a mass disaster.

The association of bullying with suicide ideation and attempt among adolescents with different dimensions of sexual orientation

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S71-S71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Montoro ◽  
K. Igartua ◽  
B.D. Thombs
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Sex Attraction ◽  
Increased Risk

IntroductionSexual minority youth are at increased risk for bullying and suicide, but they are heterogeneous in their sexual orientation dimensions (attraction, behavior and identity).ObjectiveTo compare the association of bullying and suicide parameters between (1) heterosexually identified students without same-sex attractions or behaviors (2) heterosexually identified students with same-sex attractions or behaviors and (3) non-heterosexually identified students.MethodsThe Quebec Youth Risk Behavior Survey was a self-report questionnaire given to 1852 students 14–18 years old.ResultsThe heterosexually identified students without same-sex attraction or behavior, and no bullying, was our reference group. When these students had bullying, the likelihood of suicidal ideation was double, but their likelihood of suicide attempts was the same. For non-heterosexually identified students, those with no bullying were twice as likely, and those with bullying were four times as likely to have suicidal ideation. When these students had no bullying, they were not more likely to have suicide attempts, but they were almost three times as likely when they had bullying. Heterosexually identified students with same-sex attraction or behavior were never more likely on any of the suicide measures.ConclusionThis study was the first to show that adolescents with a non-heterosexual identity will have a disproportionately greater likelihood in their suicide parameters when subject to bullying, than heterosexually identified students with or without same-sex attraction or behavior, suggesting that these latter two dimensions were non-contributory to suicide risk. The significance of identity as a predictor of suicidal ideation and behavior will be discussed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Differences in Distress Intolerance Among Daily and Intermittent Smokers

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1867-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C Veilleux ◽  
Kayla D Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Distress Intolerance ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Contextual Variation ◽  
Mirror Tracing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Random Times

Abstract Introduction Distress intolerance is an important risk factor for smokers. Smokers have greater problems tolerating distress than nonsmokers, and distress intolerance is theoretically an important predictor of early lapse. However, much of the distress intolerance research has been conducted on daily smokers. Understanding distress intolerance in nondaily or intermittent smokers may help elucidate whether distress intolerance is a function of current smoking habits. Aims and Methods Daily (n = 36) and intermittent (n = 28) smokers completed behavioral distress intolerance tasks (breath holding, mirror tracing persistence, and image persistence) along with self-report measures of both general and smoking-specific distress intolerance. They also completed 1 week of ecological momentary assessment where positive and negative affect were assessed along with momentary distress intolerance, at both random times (7×/day) and immediately prior to smoking a cigarette. Results Results found no differences between intermittent and daily smokers on behavioral distress intolerance tasks or general self-reported distress intolerance. Daily smokers reported greater self-reported smoking-specific distress intolerance compared to intermittent smokers. In addition, across both smoker groups, momentary distress intolerance was higher at smoking compared to random sessions, and low positive affect predicted greater momentary distress intolerance specifically for intermittent smokers prior to smoking. Conclusions The lack of differences between daily and intermittent smokers on general distress intolerance measures suggests that distress intolerance abilities and self-perceptions are not a function of higher levels of current smoking. However, the contextual variation in momentary distress intolerance is worth further exploration in both daily and intermittent smokers. Implications The overall lack of differences between intermittent and daily smokers on distress intolerance tasks and self-report measures suggests that daily smoking is not associated with lower abilities to manage or tolerate distress at the individual difference level. However, understanding fluctuations in distress intolerance across time and context is crucial, as smokers’ perceptions of their abilities to manage distress shift based on affect and smoking contexts. Stabilizing or increasing self-efficacy in tolerating distress during daily life is likely an important avenue for future research.

Complicated Grief and Suicidality: The Impact of Subthreshold Mood Symptoms

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Dell'Osso ◽  
Claudia Carmassi ◽  
Paola Rucci ◽  
Antonio Ciapparelli ◽  
Ciro Conversano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Axis I Disorders ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between subthreshold mood symptoms and suicidality in patients with complicated grief (CG).MethodsFifty patients with CG were included in the study and evaluated by the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Axis-I disorders, the Inventory of Complicated Grief, and the Mood Spectrum Self Report (MOODS-SR) lifetime version, to evaluate the subthreshold mood symptoms.ResultsTwenty-eight patients (56%) reported lifetime suicidal ideation and 11 patients (22%) reported suicide attempts. Subthreshold depressive and rhythmicity/vegetative functions items of the MOODS-SR were significantly associated with increased suicidal ideation and attempts, while subthreshold manic items were associated with suicidal ideation only. Relationships were confirmed after controlling for Axis-I disorders comorbidity.ConclusionThe results of the present study suggest the usefulness of exploring lifetime subthreshold mood symptoms in CG patients, in order to promptly identify those who may be more prone to suicidality.

Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts: associations with sleep duration, insomnia, and inflammation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Dolsen ◽  
Aric A. Prather ◽  
Femke Lamers ◽  
Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Background Sleep disturbance has been consistently identified as an independent contributor to suicide risk. Inflammation has emerged as a potential mechanism linked to both sleep disturbance and suicide risk. This study tested associations between sleep duration, insomnia, and inflammation on suicidal ideation (SI) and history of a suicide attempt (SA). Methods Participants included 2329 adults with current or remitted depression and/or anxiety enrolled in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Sleep duration, insomnia, past week SI, and SA were assessed with self-report measures. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were obtained. Results Short sleep duration (⩽6 h) compared to normal sleep duration (7–9 h) was associated with reporting a prior SA, adjusting for covariates [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.68, 95% CI 1.13–2.51]. A higher likelihood of SI during the past week was observed for participants with long sleep duration (⩾10 h) compared to normal sleep duration (AOR 2.22, 95% CI 1.02–4.82), more insomnia symptoms (AOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.14–1.83), and higher IL-6 (AOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.02–1.68). Mediation analyses indicated that the association between long sleep duration and SI was partially explained by IL-6 (AOR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.05). Conclusions These findings from a large sample of adults with depression and/or anxiety provide evidence that both short and long sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, and IL-6 are associated with the indicators of suicide risk. Furthermore, the association between long sleep duration and SI may operate through IL-6.

scholarly journals Sleep Duration Is Closely Associated with Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt in Korean Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5594
Author(s):  
Yujin Ko ◽  
Jieun Moon ◽  
Sangsoo Han
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are major risk factors for suicidal death, and sleep problems are associated with an increased risk for mental disorders. We investigated the relationship between sleep duration and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a representative sample of the Korean general population from a nationwide survey. Methods: We analyzed data collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI and VII (2013–2018). Suicidal ideation was identified via self-report, and we accessed suicide attempt history. Sleep duration was divided into three categories: short sleep duration (SSD) (≤5 h), normal sleep duration (NSD) (>5 and <9 h), and long sleep duration (LSD) (≥9 h). Sampling weights were applied to obtain estimates for the general Korean population. Results: Overall, 4015 (12.0%), 25,609 (76.5%), and 3857 (11.5%) participants were in the SSD, NSD, and LSD groups, respectively. Among these groups, 7.2%, 2.8%, and 3.3% reported suicidal ideation; while 1.2%, 0.4%, and 0.7% reported a history of suicide attempts. Multiple regression analyses revealed that SSD was significantly more strongly associated with suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.46, p < 0.001) and attempts (AOR 2.05, p = 0.003) than NSD. No association was found between LSD and suicidal ideation/attempts. Conclusion: Sleep duration is significantly associated with suicidal behavior, and SSD was particularly closely related with an increased risk for suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Clinicians should carefully consider sleep duration in suicidal patients.

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