scholarly journals Social value orientations and public confidence in institutions: A young democracy under the imprint of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheena Moosa ◽  
Aminath Riyaz ◽  
Raheema Abdul Raheem ◽  
Hawwa Shiuna Musthafa ◽  
Aishath Zeen Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Value Orientations ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
And Gender

Social value orientations (SVOs) of a society determine peoples' behaviour and are critical for young democracies in crises. This paper draws on the Maldives Values in Crisis survey, conducted during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. SVOs assessed using the Schwartz Personal Values Questionnaire shows that Maldivian society weigh slightly towards prosocial. Urban-rural, age, and gender determine the SVOs on the dimension of Openness to change versus Conservation while age and gender determine the SVOs on Self-enhancement versus Self-transcendence dimension. Confidence in the public institutions were moderate and not associated with the SVOs. The moderate level of SVOs and confidence in institutions reflects the democratic landscape of the country. Although prosocial SVOs are favourable for implementing containment measures of the pandemic, without a strong value orientation towards conservation and self-transcendence, and confidence in the institutions, the country faces the risk of non-compliance to measures and escalation of the crisis.

Gesellschaftliche Wertorientierungen und politisches Verhalten / Social value orientations and political behavior

1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Urban Pappi ◽  
Edward O. Laumann
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Canonical Correlations ◽  
Scaling Procedure ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
Social Value Orientations ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

AbstractSocial value orientations are introduced as a central set of variables for theories of voting behavior. Voting behavior is used as an example for a class of models which can demonstrate the linkage between social structure and individual behavior. Social value orientations are analytically defined and examined in relationship with related and complementary concepts like interests. Theoretically based on the AGIL paradigm, a comprehensive sample of indicators of social values is drawn from appropriate attitude scales. The structure of value orientations is empirically delineated by a multidimensional scaling procedure using the correlations between the indicators as input. Knowing this structure it is possible to construct a parsimonious set of eight scales of value orientations. Canonical correlations and discriminant analysis are the procedures used to relate this set with social structural antecedents and political attitudes and behavior as presumed consequences. The empirical analysis is based on data from the Jülich community study.

scholarly journals Social identity and social value orientations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozan Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Orientation Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Value Orientations

This study provides an extension of the social value orientation model and a tool, other-other Decomposed Games, to quantify the influence of social identity on social value orientations. Social identity is induced experimentally using the minimal group paradigm. Subsequently, the weights subjects add to the outcomes of outgroup others relative to ingroup others and to the absolute difference between the outcomes of ingroup and outgroup others are estimated. Results are compared to a control condition in which social identity is not induced. Results show that when the outgroup is better off than the ingroup, the average subject is spiteful: they derive negative utility from the outcomes of the outgroup other. When the ougroup is worse off than the ingroup, the average subject attaches similar weights to the outcomes of outgroup and ingroup others. There is also significant variation across subjects with respect to the level of ingroup bias.

scholarly journals Doctors, suicide and mental illness

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Gerada
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Programme

This article focuses on doctors and suicide. It provides real examples to illustrate why doctors die by their own hand. These reasons are replicated in the general population, but also include a host of additional risk factors related to being a doctor. In each case, information about the doctor is in the public domain or, as in one case, consent from the next of kin has been obtained for a detail not in the public domain. The author is a doctors' doctor, heading up a confidential health service for doctors with mental illness or addiction, the National Health Service Practitioner Health Programme. Mortality data from the programme (January 2008–January 2017) will also be included. For the sake of confidentiality, data is collated and details regarding age and gender have been approximated.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals P1740 Normal values for TAPSE in the HUNT study of subjects without evidence of heart disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Stoylen ◽  
H E Molmen ◽  
H Dalen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Chamber View ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
Regional Dysfunction ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rv Function

Abstract Background TAPSE is a simple and robust measure of RV function, but only in the absence of regional dysfunction and translational effects from the LV. Normal values from large normal studies are scarce, however. The aim of this study was to present normal values from the HUNT 3 study. Methods The HUNT study examined 1266 subjects without evidence of heart disease, from a mixed urban / rural population of North Tøndelag county in Norway. TAPSE was measured by reconstructed M-mode through the lateral tricuspid ring of the RV, in apical four-chamber view as shown in figure 1. Results Age and gender related values are given in table 1. TAPSE was normally distributes with a skewness of 0.42. Mean TAPSE was 2.8 cm (SD = 0.5), TAPSE declined with increasing age (p < 0.001), but the correlation with age was moderate (R=-0.15, p < 0.001). There was only a small gender difference (p < 0.001), and a moderate correlation with BSA (R = 0.24, p < 0.005). In linear regression with BSA and gender, only BSA was significant. Conclusions As all long axis measures, it declines with age, but this is moderate, so the relevance of age-specific measures can be discussed. TAPSE is near gender independent, and gender differences are only due to body size. Age and gender related values for TAPSE Age (years): <40 40-60 >60 All Women TAPSE(cm) 2.9 (0.5) 2.7 (0.5) 2.5 (0.5) 2.8 (0.5) Men TAPSE(cm) 3.0 (0.6) 2.9 (0.6) 2.8 (0.6) 2.9 (0.6) All TAPSE(cm) 2.9 (0.5) 2.8 (0.5) 2.7 (0.5) 2.8 (0.5) Abstract P1740 Figure. Fig. 1

Effects of Social Value Orientations on Fairness Judgments

2008 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Anderson ◽  
Miles L. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Fairness Judgments ◽  
Social Value Orientations
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