scholarly journals Prevalence and Family History Characteristics of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents: A Nigerian Tertiary-Healthcare Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Eberechi Oyenusi ◽  
Alphonsus Ndidi Onyiriuka ◽  
Yahaya Saidu Alkali
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
History Of

Background: Family history of diabetes mellitus is a useful tool for detecting children and adolescents at risk of the disease. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and describe the characteristics of family history of diabetes mellitus in Nigerian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods: A retrospective chart review of children and adolescents newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes was conducted in three tertiary-healthcare institutions in Nigeria. In addition to the review of charts of old patients, other children and adolescents who presented with new-onset diabetes during  the review process were also included. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used in obtaining information from the patients and their parents. Using the criteria suggested by Scheuner et al, the family history risk category was stratified into average, moderate and high. Results: Out of a total of 65 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, 29(44.6%, 95% CI= 32.6-56.7) had a positive family history of diabetes mellitus. Of the affected family members, 42.9% were first-degree relatives. The frequencies of family history risk category were average 65.5%, moderate 27.6% and high 6.9%. Among the affected family members in whom information on their diabetes status was available, 19(86.4%) had type 2 diabetes and only 3(13.6%) had type 1 diabetes. Conclusion: Four out of every ten patients with type 1 diabetes in the paediatric age group, have a first- degree relative with a positive family history of diabetes.

scholarly journals Diabetes onset before age 40: more and more often it is type 2 diabetes

ABOUTOPEN ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-128
Author(s):  
Viola Sanga
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Onset ◽  
History Of

An increase in the appearance of diabetes mellitus at young age is observed, and not necessarily type 1 diabetes is involced. We report the case of a 35-year-old patient, with a family history of diabetes, with type 2 diabetes at onset (Diabetology).

scholarly journals Family history of type 2 diabetes and characteristics of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes

Diabetologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Parkkola ◽  
◽  
Maaret Turtinen ◽  
Taina Härkönen ◽  
Jorma Ilonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Shared aetiopathogenetic factors have been proposed in type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes and both diseases have been shown to cluster in families. Characteristics related to type 2 diabetes have been described in patients with type 1 diabetes with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes. We wanted to characterise the family history of type 2 diabetes and its possible effects on the phenotype and genotype of type 1 diabetes in affected children at diagnosis. Methods A total of 4993 children under the age of 15 years with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register were recruited (56.6% boys, median age of 8.2 years) for a cross-sectional, observational, population-based investigation. The family history of diabetes at diagnosis was determined by a structured questionnaire, and markers of metabolic derangement, autoantibodies and HLA class II genetics at diagnosis were analysed. Results Two per cent of the children had an immediate family member and 36% had grandparents with type 2 diabetes. Fathers and grandfathers were affected by type 2 diabetes more often than mothers and grandmothers. The children with a positive family history for type 2 diabetes were older at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (p < 0.001), had higher BMI-for-age (p = 0.01) and more often tested negative for all diabetes-related autoantibodies (p = 0.02). Conclusions/interpretation Features associated with type 2 diabetes, such as higher body weight, older age at diagnosis and autoantibody negativity, are more frequently already present at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes. Graphical abstract

FAMILY HISTORY OF DIABETES IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF RECURRENT DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Janaki D. Vakharia ◽  
Sungeeta Agrawal ◽  
Janine Molino ◽  
Lisa Swartz Topor
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Objective: To determine the relationship between family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) recurrence in youth with established type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with DKA admitted to a pediatric hospital between January, 2009, and December, 2014. We compared patients with recurrent (≥2 admissions) and nonrecurrent DKA (1 admission) and investigated patient level factors, including family history, that may be associated with DKA recurrence in pediatric patients with established T1DM. Results: Of the 131 subjects in the study, 51 (39%) subjects were in the recurrence group. Age ≥15 years old, public health insurance, and family history of T1DM or type 2 diabetes mellitus were associated with recurrent DKA admissions in both univariable and multivariable analyses. Family history was associated with DKA recurrence, with an incidence rate ratio of 1.5 (95% confidence interval = 1.0 to 2.3; P = .03). The association was not explained by type of familial diabetes, first degree relative status, or whether the family member lived in the household. Conclusion: Recognition that a positive family history of DM may be associated with a higher risk for DKA recurrence in patients with established T1DM may allow for targeted education and focus on a previously unidentified population at increased risk for DKA. Understanding the mechanism underlying the effect of family history of diabetes on the rates of DKA in patients with established T1DM may allow for improved identification and education of patients who may be at risk for DKA recurrence. Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis; EHR = electronic health record; IBD = inflammatory bowel disease; IRR = incidence rate ratio; T1DM = type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals Extended Family History of Diabetes and Autoimmune Diseases in Children With and Without Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Alhonen ◽  
S. Korhonen ◽  
P. Tapanainen ◽  
M. Knip ◽  
R. Veijola
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Study on the impact of family history of diabetes among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in an urban area of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetha A. ◽  
Gopalakrishnan S. ◽  
Umadevi R.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a commonly occurring chronic non communicable disease. Family history of diabetes is one of the important non modifiable risk factor for occurrence of the disease. This study was done to assess the percentage of positive family history of diabetes among T2DM patients and its association with age of onset and complications of diabetes. Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study done in an urban health training centre of a medical college. Using purposive sampling technique, 215 diabetic patients were selected as study participants. Data collection was done by structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS 17. Results: Among the study participants, 62.3% were females. The mean age of the participants was 56.08±10.04. Nearly 68.8% of T2DM patients had family history of Diabetes, among them 25.1% of them had diabetic mother and 15.3% had diabetic father. Among the study group of T2DM patients, 51.6% had diabetic complications. The family history of diabetes with age of onset and complications had statistically significant association among the study group. Conclusions: This study shows that persons with positive family history of diabetes are more prone to early onset of diabetes and developing complications. So appropriate behavioural changes and modification must be practiced to delay or prevent the occurrence of the disease. Early diagnosis and treatment is a must to prevent the complications in the vulnerable people. 

scholarly journals Genetics of Type 1 Diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea K Steck ◽  
Marian J Rewers
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Risk Genotype ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes, a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component, is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. The major susceptibility locus maps to the HLA class II genes at 6p21, although more than 40 non-HLA susceptibility gene markers have been confirmed. CONTENT Although HLA class II alleles account for up to 30%–50% of genetic type 1 diabetes risk, multiple non-MHC loci contribute to disease risk with smaller effects. These include the insulin, PTPN22, CTLA4, IL2RA, IFIH1, and other recently discovered loci. Genomewide association studies performed with high-density single-nucleotide–polymorphism genotyping platforms have provided evidence for a number of novel loci, although fine mapping and characterization of these new regions remain to be performed. Children born with the high-risk genotype HLADR3/4-DQ8 comprise almost 50% of children who develop antiislet autoimmunity by the age of 5 years. Genetic risk for type 1 diabetes can be further stratified by selection of children with susceptible genotypes at other diabetes genes, by selection of children with a multiple family history of diabetes, and/or by selection of relatives that are HLA identical to the proband. SUMMARY Children with the HLA-risk genotypes DR3/4-DQ8 or DR4/DR4 who have a family history of type 1 diabetes have more than a 1 in 5 risk for developing islet autoantibodies during childhood, and children with the same HLA-risk genotype but no family history have approximately a 1 in 20 risk. Determining extreme genetic risk is a prerequisite for the implementation of primary prevention trials, which are now underway for relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Predictors of the Effectiveness of Insulin Pumps in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Camões Neves ◽  
João Sérgio Neves ◽  
Celestino Neves ◽  
Davide Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Insulin Pump Therapy ◽  
Baseline Hba1c ◽  
Insulin Pumps ◽  
Pump Therapy ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Purpose Insulin pump therapy has become the preferential treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D) as it mimics the physiological secretion of insulin better than multiple daily injections. However, not all patients improve with insulin pump therapy. This study aims to determine the predictors of the effectiveness of insulin pumps in T1D. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients who started insulin pumps. Data from four timepoints (before, at 6, 12 and 36 months) were evaluated for outcomes of glycemic control and safety. The association of baseline predictors with outcomes was analyzed using linear and logistic regression models. Results We evaluated 136 patients (57.4% females, age 36 ± 12 years, duration of T1D 14 ± 9 years). During the follow-up, there was a mean decrease of HbA1c of 0.9 ± 1.2%. The improvement in HbA1c was independent of sex, age and duration of T1D. Higher baseline HbA1c, family history of diabetes and not being treated with statins were predictors of improvement in HbA1c. Not being treated with statins and higher baseline HbA1c predicted improvement in HbA1c without worsening hypoglycemia. History of hypoglycemia was a predictor of severe hypoglycemia. Family history, higher baseline HbA1c and psychological/psychiatric disorders were predictors of ketoacidosis. Conclusion Benefits of insulin pump were independent of sex, age, and duration of T1D. Baseline HbA1c, family history of diabetes, treatment with statins, history of hypoglycemia and psychological/psychiatric disorders were predictors of outcomes and may allow the identification of patients who benefit most from insulin pump therapy or who are at increased risk of complications.

scholarly journals C, the diabetics Risk Factors for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus among children and Adolescents at Suleimani Chronic Diabetes Health Center

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
Pary Mohammad Azize ◽  
Chia H. Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Children And Adolescent

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic health condition worldwide and the most common endocrine disease in children and adolescences. The aim of this study is to find out the risk factors, which lead to pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescent in diabetes health center Suleimani city. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at a special center for Type 1 Diabetes Miletus A questionnaire was developed and administered to a convenience sample of (170 ) mothers or fathers. Descriptive statistics data (frequency, percentage, mean and stander deviation) and also Factorial analysis (principal component analysis) was used in order to identify the effective factors affecting diabetes in children and Adolescents. The finding show that, 39.4 %  of samples were aged between (9-13) years old, which stated as the highest rate among all age groups, while the minority of age was between (1-4) years old, which was equal to 8.2% of the total and the (Mean ±S.D) was equal to 10.44±4.04 respectively. The majority of age at diagnosis was between (5-8) years old, which is 35.3% and their food habit was normal diet, which is 73.5%, while the Sugar diet and Fatty diet were 25.9% and 0.6%y respectively. Most of the participants, 19.4% of  family history was Type 2 diabetes, which was the first rank of the family history and majority of them were Kurdish in nationality. Age at diagnosis and mode of delivery considered as the first factor affect the type 1 diabetics mellitus. The second most common factor effect on diabetes disease in children and adolescents are maternal habit and maternal disease followed by Gestational age at birth and Neonatal disease, then food habits, Neonatal weight was estimated as the fourth component factors affecting Type 1 diabetes mellitus.  Residency and Family history of autoimmune disease were ranked in the fifth line of factor, finally the weakest factor is nationality by total variance of 8.552%. The first years of life is play an important role in triggering and the development of  type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescent , also maternal diseases ( gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia and perinatal infection during pregnancy), healthy diet during pregnancy and education programs are recommended  

scholarly journals Family history of diabetes and distribution of class II HLA genotypes in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: effect on diabetic ketoacidosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Hekkala ◽  
Jorma Ilonen ◽  
Mikael Knip ◽  
Riitta Veijola ◽  
_ _
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Hla Genotypes ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveOur purpose was to assess whether family history of diabetes or the HLA-DR-DQ genotype of the index case was associated with the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis of childhood type 1 diabetes.Patients and methodsThe study cohort comprised 1518 children aged <15 years and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in Finland in 2002–2005. Family history of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among first-degree relatives (FDRs) and grandparents was assessed at diagnosis. HLA-DR-DQ genotypes were analysed using time-resolved fluorometry.ResultsIn total, 12.6 and 1.7% of children had at least one FDR affected with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, respectively, and 6.6 and 34.8% had at least one grandparent with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. DKA (pH <7.30) occurred less frequently in children having a type 1 diabetes affected FDR (7.4 vs 20.5%, P<0.001). Type 2 diabetes among the parents or grandparents had no such effect. Lower risk HLA genotypes were observed to predispose to DKA (P<0.024). In a logistic regression analysis, the risk of DKA was independently associated with the absence of a family member affected by type 1 diabetes, the presence of a low-risk HLA genotype and older age at diagnosis (odds ratio 3.23, 1.45 and 1.07 respectively).ConclusionThe presence of type 1 diabetes in an FDR is associated with an decreased risk of DKA at diagnosis. The rate of DKA seems to be higher in children with lower HLA-conferred risk for type 1 diabetes.

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