scholarly journals Soil compaction as a factor of soil fertility model correction

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (43) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Humus Formation ◽  
Dynamic Tension ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Density Dynamic

In this work we prove that high soil density and the dynamic tension fields cause change in the parameters of other physical fields, affecting soil. Higher soil density lowers MAC for mobile forms of toxic compounds in soils and increases optimums for mobile forms of nutrient elements. Local soil density changes the direction of migrational flows within the soil, it increases energy expenses needed for humus formation and plant development. Topsoil layers press on the underlying layers, which must be accounted for upon forecasting of the dynamics of soil formation processes. The data shows that in the sod-podzolic soils with density of 1.1 and 1.3 gcm-3 the porosity was 53.7 and 47.1%. With low soil density, the amount of mobile zinc and lead was 6.5±1.4 and 8.5±0.9 mgkg-1 under lawns and 25.6±2.5 and 14.6±1.6 mgkg-1 under residential areas. The increasing soil density led to higher energy demand by plants for NPK consumption and root development. Keywords: SOIL DENSITY, DYNAMIC TENSION FIELDS, MAC, SOIL FERTILITY MODELLING

scholarly journals Interdependencies of Infrastructure Investment Decisions in Multi-Energy Systems—A Sensitivity Analysis for Urban Residential Areas

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-145
Author(s):  
Daniel Then ◽  
Johannes Bauer ◽  
Tanja Kneiske ◽  
Martin Braun
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Mixed Integer Linear Optimization

Considering the European Union (EU) climate targets, the heating sector should be decarbonized by 80 to 95% up to 2050. Thus, the macro-trends forecast increasing energy efficiency and focus on the use of renewable gas or the electrification of heat generation. This has implications for the business models of urban electricity and in particular natural gas distribution network operators (DNOs): When the energy demand decreases, a disproportionately long grid is operated, which can cause a rise of grid charges and thus the gas price. This creates a situation in which a self-reinforcing feedback loop starts, which increases the risk of gas grid defection. We present a mixed integer linear optimization model to analyze the interdependencies between the electricity and gas DNOs’ and the building owners’ investment decisions during the transformation path. The results of the investigation in a real grid area are used to validate the simulation setup of a sensitivity analysis of 27 types of building collectives and five grid topologies, which provides a systematic insight into the interrelated system. Therefore, it is possible to identify building and grid configurations that increase the risk of a complete gas grid shutdown and those that should be operated as a flexibility option in a future renewable energy system.

scholarly journals Sedentary Agriculture and Its Implications on Soil Quality in Agro-pastoral Semi-arid Karamoja, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
S. Muwanga ◽  
R. Onwonga ◽  
S. O. Keya ◽  
E. Komutunga
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Semi Arid

Uganda Government embarked on promoting sedentary agriculture in Karamoja agro-pastoral semi-arid livelihood zone, which experience rapid environmental and high soil quality (SQ) decline. However, studies on sedentary agriculture’s impact on soil quality using farmer’s knowledge is limited. Consequently, a survey was carried out in Karamoja (Iriiri, Matany Sub-counties of Napak of districts and Rengen sub-county of Kotido) to determine the soil quality indicator parameters based on the farmers knowledge in order to build a local soil knowledge data base to better inform sustainable land use strategies. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, forty indigenous farmers per sub-county, were interviewed between August and September, 2015. The study took into account the social demographic characteristics of the people, farming enterprises, methods of crops production, crops yields trends, causes of the perceived yields trends and soil quality indicators. Prospects of developing Karamoja indigenous knowledge data base lies in visible feature that predict soil quality. Farmers used 36 parameters to determine SQ. The parameters were clustered into five categories; soil, crop, biological, environmental and management each category contributing to 42, 19,14,8 and 17% of the total indicators, respectively. The relationship between age group and the perceived indicators of soil fertility was statistically significant (p-value = 0.045) with the majority stating that they use either soil colour, soil depth or soil texture to express the fertility of soil. The farmer’s soil quality indicators assessed in this study, is important in establishing indigenous-scientific hybrid knowledge data base to enhance soil fertility maintenance and better inform policy makers and other stakeholders on development of sustainable land use strategies.

scholarly journals CHANGING PROPERTIES OF THE MESOTROPHIC PEAT SOIL IN GRAIN-ROW CROP ROTATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND LIME

2012 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
I. I. Lytkin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
Mobile Forms

, mobile forms of P and K (the latter effects considerably the soil fertility at lime doses of more than 0.50 Hг).

scholarly journals Organic matter of soils and technogenic surface formations of residential areas of the city of Perm

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Natalia Moskvina ◽  
Igor Shestakov ◽  
Natalia Mitrakova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Humus Formation ◽  
Functional Zone ◽  
Humus Type ◽  
Reclaimed Soils ◽  
The City ◽  
Technogenic Surface Formations

On the territory of the left-bank part of Perm, the urban pedocomplexes (UPC) were distinguished as a combination of soil and technogenic surface formations on the same soil-forming rocks within a certain functional zone. Within the UPC, formed on eluvial-deluvial loams and clays in the zone of multi-storey buildings, the surface horizons of soils and TSF (technogenic surface formations) were studied. A change in the zonal trend of humus formation in reclaimed soils was observed as an increase in the content of organic matter, as well as in a change in the type of humus to the humate side. The conservation of zonal features of humus formation in non-purposefully recultivated urban soils and TSF was noted. It manifests in a low or medium content of organic carbon, the formation of a humate-fulvate type of humus. Keywords: URBAN ECOLOGY, URBAN SOILS, URBAN PEDOCOMPLEX, HUMUS, HUMUS TYPE, SOIL PROPERTIES

scholarly journals Intelligent Edge-based Recommender System for Internet of Energy Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Nabeel Sayed ◽  
Faycal Bensaali ◽  
Yassine Himeur
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Recommender System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
End Users ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency

When investigating how people conserve energy, most researchers and decision-makers render a conceptual distinction between prevention (e.g. unplugging devices) and productivity measures. Nevertheless, such a two-dimensional approach is inefficient from both a conceptual and policy standpoint, since it ignores individual differences that influence energy-saving behavior. Preserving electricity in homes and buildings is a big concern, owing to a scarcity of energy resources and the escalation of current environmental issues. Furthermore, the COVID-19 social distancing policies have resulted in a temporary transition of energy demand from industrial and urban centers to residential areas, resulting in greater consumption and higher costs. In order to promote the sustainability and preservation of resources, the use of new technologies to increase energy efficiency in homes or buildings becomes increasingly necessary. Hence, the goal of the project is to provide consumers with evidence-based data on the costs and advantages of ICT-enabled energy conservation approaches, as well as clear, timely, and engaging information and assistance on how to realize the energy savings that are attainable, in order to boost user uptake and effectiveness of such techniques. End-users can visualize their consumption patterns as well as ambient environmental data using the Home-assistant user interface. More notably, explainable energy-saving recommendations are delivered to end-users in form of notifications via the mobile application to facilitate habit change. In this context, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt for developing and implementing an energy-saving recommender system on edge devices. Thus, ensuring better privacy preservation since data are processed locally on the edge, without the need to transmit them to remote servers, as is the case with cloudlet platforms.

scholarly journals LOCAL MONITORING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS WITH HIGH LEVELS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 447 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
N.S. Faiz ◽  
М.I. Satayev ◽  
А.М. Azimov ◽  
Sh.K. Shapalov ◽  
S.A. Turguldinova
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
High Voltage Power Lines

The growing energy demand of the city of Shymkent has led to the construction and introduction of new energy hubs, high-voltage power lines, which are being built and conducted around residential areas exposed to environmental and carcinogenic risks. In turn, when constructing new energy facilities, energy companies and designers should present a cartography of residential areas in the project, in addition to the features of the selected territories and the population, which becomes a multi-factor object and subject of research when taking into account environmental and sanitary-epidemiological requirements, as well as when choosing optimal solutions in terms of routing high-voltage power lines. In our case, the residential district of Nursat, Nazarbayev Avenue and Kazygurt were chosen as such objects, which are polluted residential areas from the point of view of the spread of electromagnetic radiation generated by high-voltage power lines with a voltage of 110 and 220 kV. The introduction of modern information technologies of a new generation made it possible to pinpoint and determine the main zones of electromagnetic radiation contamination, to establish the gradients of the electric and magnetic fields according to the degree of its impact, as well as to determine the number of residential objects that are partly exposed to carcinogenic and environmental risk by using the functional features of the geoinformation program.

scholarly journals A photogrammetry-based approach for soil bulk density measurements with an emphasis on applications to cosmogenic nuclide analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1020
Author(s):  
Joel Mohren ◽  
Steven A. Binnie ◽  
Gregor M. Rink ◽  
Katharina Knödgen ◽  
Carlos Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Cosmogenic Nuclide ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

Abstract. The quantification of soil bulk density (ρB) is a cumbersome and time-consuming task when traditional soil density sampling techniques are applied. However, it can be important for terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) production rate scaling when deriving ages or surface process rates from buried samples, in particular when short-lived TCNs such as in situ 14C are applied. Here, we show that soil density determinations can be made using structure-from-motion multi-view stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry-based volume reconstructions of sampling pits. Accuracy and precision tests as found in the literature and as conducted in this study clearly indicate that photographs taken from both a consumer-grade digital single-lens mirrorless (DSLM) and a smartphone camera are of sufficient quality to produce accurate and precise modelling results, i.e. to regularly reproduce the “true” volume and/or density by >95 %. This finding holds also if a freeware-based computing workflow is applied. The technique has been used to measure ρB along three small-scale (<1 km) N–S transects located in the semi-arid to arid Altos de Talinay, northern central Chile (∼30.5∘ S, ∼71.7∘ W), during a TCN sampling campaign. Here, long-term differences in microclimatic conditions between south-facing and north-facing slopes (SFSs and NFSs, respectively) explain a sharp contrast in vegetation cover, slope gradient and general soil condition patterns. These contrasts are also reflected by the soil density data, generally coinciding with lower densities on SFSs. The largest differences between NFSs and SFSs are evident in the lower portion of the respective slopes, close to the thalwegs. In general, field-state soil bulk densities were found to vary by about 0.6 g cm−3 over a few tens of metres along the same slope. As such, the dataset that was mainly generated to derive more accurate TCN-based process rates and ages can be used to characterise the present-day condition of soils in the study area, which in turn can give insight into the long-term soil formation and prevailing environmental conditions. This implies that the method tested in this study may also being applied in other fields of research and work, such as soil science, agriculture or the construction sector.

scholarly journals On the Study of the Humus State of Meadow Brown Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Aliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Meadow Soil ◽  
Humus Formation ◽  
Humus State ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Abstract. The studies carried out and the results obtained on the humus state of meadow brown soils are fully consistent with the literature. The change in the humus content in the soils of the meadow soil formation process depends on the effect of surface and ground moisture on humus formation. Studies have revealed that the humus content in meadow brown soils decreases gradually and relatively evenly with depth. For meadow soils with a meadow process of soil formation, there is a general tendency for a decrease in humus from the upper horizons to the lower ones.

scholarly journals Influence of primary tillage on agrochemical indicators of soil fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00013
Author(s):  
Dmitry Dubovik ◽  
Elena Dubovik ◽  
Alexander Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Direct Sowing

The influence of primary tillage practices (plowing, subsurface tillage, surface tillage, direct sowing (No-till)) on the indicators of soil fertility of typical chernozem in Kursk Region on peas was studied. It was found that with the minimization of tillage humus content in the soil increased, especially in the upper 0-10 cm layer. Acidification of arable soil layer was noted when plowing was used. The content of mobile phosphorus, as well as the degree of its mobility, significantly increased with boardless tillage methods in comparison with moldboard plowing. The maximum amount of exchangeable potassium and the degree of its mobility were in case of direct sowing. The highest level of mineral nitrogen in the layer of 0-20 cm was formed in case of plowing, and its minimum level was formed in case of direct sowing. When tillage was minimized, the topsoil was differentiated by the content of mobile forms of copper, zinc and manganese. In a layer of 0-10 cm, combined tillage, surface tillage and direct sowing increased the content of mobile trace elements compared to a layer of 10-20 cm. When plowing was used as a primary tillage method, the content of mobile copper, zinc and manganese was higher in the layer of 10-20 cm.

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