scholarly journals Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerima Bantuan Covid-19 Kelurahan Bugel Kota Salatiga Menggunakan Simple Additive Wieghting (Saw)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-168
Author(s):  
Ria Saskia Zevanya Warami
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Ratings ◽  
Addition Method ◽  
To Receive

The purpose of this study is to facilitate decision making in providing COVID-19 assistance to underprivileged communities in Bugel Village, Salatiga City. This study uses the Simple Additive Wieghting method or commonly referred to as the weighted addition method. This method performs a weighted summation of the performance ratings of each alternative on all attributes. The results of the study from 5 families showed who was the most eligible to receive the Covid-19 assistance in the Bugel Village, Salatiga City, namely Sardianto with a final normalization result of 0.785. It is hoped that this research can be used to make decisions quickly and objectively

Time for Time: Uncovering Case Processing Duration as a Source of Punitiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110077
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
R.R. Dunlea ◽  
Besiki Luka Kutateladze
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
To Receive

The literature on sentencing has devoted ample consideration to how prosecutors and judges incorporate priorities such as retribution and public safety into their decision making, typically using legal and extralegal characteristics as analytic proxies. In contrast, the role of case processing efficiency in determining punishment outcomes has garnered little attention. Using recent data from a large Florida jurisdiction, we examine the influence of case screening and disposition timeliness on sentence outcomes in felony cases. We find that lengthier case processing time is highly and positively associated with punitive outcomes at sentencing. The more time prosecutors spend on a case post-filing, the more likely defendants are to receive custodial sentences and longer sentences. Case screening time, although not affecting the imposition of custodial sentences, is also positively associated with sentence length. These findings are discussed through the lens of instrumental and expressive functions of punishment.

scholarly journals AN EXTENSION OF THE RATIO SYSTEM APPROACH OF MOORA METHOD FOR GROUP DECISION-MAKING BASED ON INTERVAL-VALUED TRIANGULAR FUZZY NUMBERS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragisa STANUJKIC
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Fuzzy Numbers ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Performance Ratings ◽  
Triangular Fuzzy Numbers ◽  
Moora Method ◽  
Interval Valued

Decision-making in fuzzy environment is often a very complex, especially when related to predictions and assessments. The Ratio system approach of the MOORA method and Intervalvalued fuzzy numbers have already proved themselves as the effective tools for solving complex decision-making problems. Therefore, in this paper an extension of the Ratio system approach of the MOORA method, which allows a group decision-making as well as the use of interval-valued triangular fuzzy numbers, is proposed. Interval-fuzzy numbers are rather complex, and therefore, they are not practical for direct assigning performance ratings. For this reason, in this paper it has also been suggested the approach which allows the expression of individual performance ratings using crisp, interval or fuzzy numbers, and their further transformation into the group performance ratings, expressed in the form of interval-valued triangular fuzzy numbers, which provide greater flexibility and reality compared to the use of linguistic variables. Finally, in this paper the weighted averaging operator was proposed for defuzzification of interval-valued triangular fuzzy numbers.

scholarly journals An Integrative Review of the Influences on Decision-Making of Young People About Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Helen Sisson ◽  
Yvonne Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
To Receive

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is a key intervention in the prevention of HPV infection and associated cancers. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding what influences decision-making about this vaccine. Guided by the work of Whittemore and Knafl, and Pluye and Hong, we identified 25 studies, from which four prominent themes emerged: fear and risk, pain, parental involvement, and involvement of others. Fear of cervical cancer was a strong motivation to receive the vaccine, and the extent of parental involvement also had an impact on decision-making. Recommendations to receive the vaccine by health-care providers were also an important influence. School nurses are fundamental to the promotion and delivery of the HPV vaccine and should stress the significant role that it plays in the prevention of cancer. Additionally, school nurses should ensure that discussions about HPV infection and vaccine include parents where appropriate and should distinctly recommend vaccination to those eligible.

The Epistemology of Popularity and Incentives

2019 ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Dan Moller
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Art Education ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Incentive Structure ◽  
Good Service ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Education And Law

This chapter examines the neglected epistemology of markets. It argues that we often get useful information from markets concerning popularity and incentives, and that these should inform our decision-making. The popularity of a service provider despite being located in a dangerous neighborhood or being considered unattractive, for example, is an important signal that should guide our thinking. So should the incentive structure a service provider faces, for instance, whether he or she can take customers for granted or not. Both constitute evidence that we are likely to receive comparatively good service, since their popularity comes despite marked disadvantages, and their incentive structure is aligned with our own aims as consumers. Applications include dining, art, education, and law.

The Decision Making Process of Older Adults Who Elect to Receive ECT

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody Amazon ◽  
Elizabeth McNeely ◽  
Sally Lehr ◽  
Martha G. Marquardt
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
To Receive

Analisis Informasi Akuntansi Diferensial Dalam Membantu Pengambilan Keputusan Menerima Atau Menolak Pesanan Khusus Pada Perusahaan Indah Cemerlang Malang

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Udiananta Genta Fitrio
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Product Size ◽  
Tile Size ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Special Order

This   study   aims   to  determine   the  analysis   of   differential accounting information  in assisting decision-making  accept or reject  special  orders  at  Indah  Indah  Cemerlang  Malang.  The problem  is that the  company  in decision-making  is based  on the total costing,  so that for special  orders below the normal selling  price  is  not  accepted  because  it  is  considered  not  to provide additional profits for the company. The results of the analysis with quantitative descriptive method that (1) Capacity of the company is not enough enough to receive  special  order  terrazzo  tile  size  30 x 30  cm in the year 2014 as much as 2,875 m2, (2) There has been a market separation  between regular sales with sales to serve  special orders  whose price (3) Analysis of differential accounting information as the basis of  decision making emphasize the technique of calculation by the method of variable costingmaka company can maximize the profitability in 2014, where the calculation of profit / loss of the company for tegel terrazzo product size  30 x 30 cm Year 2014 is Rp. 30.294.066,59, - obtained from the regular sale of Rp. 21.693.872,00,  - and  additional  profit  from  receiving  special order Griya Singosari  Inside   Rp.8,600,194,59,-. If the company receives a special order from Griya Tanjung Priok Jaya, Grand Villa Dau, Dieng  Inside  and  Bumi Royal Park the company should be able to earn additional profit of Rp. 24,799,830.90, - so the calculation of profit / loss of the company for tegel teraso product size 30 x 30 cm can achieve a maximum profit of Rp. 55.093.896, 49, -.  

Decision-making at the border of viability: determining the best interests of extremely preterm infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 773-779
Author(s):  
Eric Vogelstein
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
To Receive

This paper proposes and employs a framework for determining whether life-saving treatment at birth is in the best interests of extremely preterm infants, given uncertainty about the outcome of such a choice. It argues that given relevant data and plausible assumptions about the well-being of babies with various outcomes, it is typically in the best interests of even the youngest preterm infants—those born at 22 weeks gestational age—to receive life-saving treatment at birth.

scholarly journals Dissecting the impact of depression on decision-making

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1613-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Lawlor ◽  
Christian A. Webb ◽  
Thomas V. Wiecki ◽  
Michael J. Frank ◽  
Madhukar Trivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Evidence Accumulation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Sensorimotor Deficit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Trial Participants

AbstractBackgroundCognitive deficits in depressed adults may reflect impaired decision-making. To investigate this possibility, we analyzed data from unmedicated adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and healthy controls as they performed a probabilistic reward task. The Hierarchical Drift Diffusion Model (HDDM) was used to quantify decision-making mechanisms recruited by the task, to determine if any such mechanism was disrupted by depression.MethodsData came from two samples (Study 1: 258 MDD, 36 controls; Study 2: 23 MDD, 25 controls). On each trial, participants indicated which of two similar stimuli was presented; correct identifications were rewarded. Quantile-probability plots and the HDDM quantified the impact of MDD on response times (RT), speed of evidence accumulation (drift rate), and the width of decision thresholds, among other parameters.ResultsRTs were more positively skewed in depressed v. healthy adults, and the HDDM revealed that drift rates were reduced—and decision thresholds were wider—in the MDD groups. This pattern suggests that depressed adults accumulated the evidence needed to make decisions more slowly than controls did.ConclusionsDepressed adults responded slower than controls in both studies, and poorer performance led the MDD group to receive fewer rewards than controls in Study 1. These results did not reflect a sensorimotor deficit but were instead due to sluggish evidence accumulation. Thus, slowed decision-making—not slowed perception or response execution—caused the performance deficit in MDD. If these results generalize to other tasks, they may help explain the broad cognitive deficits seen in depression.

Imaginative Reinforcement Learning: Computational Principles and Neural Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2103-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Gershman ◽  
Jimmy Zhou ◽  
Cody Kommers
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Internal Model ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Sequential Decision Making ◽  
Sequential Decision ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Reinforcement Learning Model

Imagination enables us not only to transcend reality but also to learn about it. In the context of reinforcement learning, an agent can rationally update its value estimates by simulating an internal model of the environment, provided that the model is accurate. In a series of sequential decision-making experiments, we investigated the impact of imaginative simulation on subsequent decisions. We found that imagination can cause people to pursue imagined paths, even when these paths are suboptimal. This bias is systematically related to participants' optimism about how much reward they expect to receive along imagined paths; providing feedback strongly attenuates the effect. The imagination effect can be captured by a reinforcement learning model that includes a bonus added onto imagined rewards. Using fMRI, we show that a network of regions associated with valuation is predictive of the imagination effect. These results suggest that imagination, although a powerful tool for learning, is also susceptible to motivational biases.

Territorial Changes to Municipalities and Inter-Municipal Cooperation: A Comparative Overview and Orientations for Slovenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iztok Rakar ◽  
Bojan Tičar ◽  
Maja Klun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Public Decision

Local self-government has faced a number of challenges over the past decade. The financial crisis has revealed new dimensions of the eternal question of financing self-governing local communities, while distrust and a lack of interest in participation in local democracy among the people have led to considerations of different approaches to public decision-making concerning local issues. A comparative overview shows that the question of the “perfect size” of municipalities is currently very relevant and aimed at finding dimensions that would enable the municipality to ensure both local-level democracy and identity and economic efficiency in the delivery of public services. The most popular tool for achieving this goal is the merger of municipalities, although other approaches also exist, including various forms of inter-municipal cooperation. Some forms of inter-municipal cooperation have already taken firm hold in Slovenia, although the question of the potential impacts of alternative forms of inter-municipal cooperation on the democratic legitimacy of decision-making processes and the potential of these processes for the developmental breakthrough of Slovenian municipalities has yet to receive adequate attention.

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