scholarly journals Neurohumoral and biochemical markers of prolonged second stage of labor

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
V. N. Kalachev ◽  
T. N. Zakharenkova ◽  
A. E. Kozlov ◽  
O. V. Osipkina
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Physiological Childbirth ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Total Concentrations

Objective: to study the role of neurohumoral and biochemical changes in the pathogenesis of prolonged second stage of labor.Material and methods. To achieve the above objective, we examined 35 parturient women with prolonged second stage of labor and 45 parturient women with physiological labor. We studied the levels of progesterone, estradiol, relaxin, serotonin, cholesterol, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity of plasma, products of final protein oxidation, as well as the total concentrations of nitrite and nitrate ions (NOx) in blood plasma.Results. In the women with prolonged second stage of labor, the levels of estradiol and progesterone were significantly higher than in those with physiological childbirth (p1 = 0.037, p2 = 0.029). The women giving birth by operation had higher estradiol (p = 0.017) and progesterone (p = 0.07) levels than those giving birth physiologically. The level of relaxin was lower in the women with prolonged second period of labor than in those with physiological labor (p = 0.084), especially in the case of operative delivery (p = 0.041), the risk of which increases 4.1 times when the relaxin concentration is less than 36.4 ng/l. Compared to the patients giving physiological childbirth, the patients with prolonged second stage of labor who delivered by cesarean section had significantly higher TBARS levels (p = 0.043). Its concentration > 180.3 μmol/l increases the risk of cesarean section almost by 12 times (p = 0.003).Conclusion. The hormonal aspect of the pathogenesis of prolonged second stage of labor is characterized by higher concentrations of steroid hormones — estradiol and progesterone, as well as by a lower level of relaxin in plasma. The biochemical aspect of the pathogenesis is represented by an increased concentration of lipid peroxidation products, which can be identified with severe physical fatigue in childbirth. The detected changes can be applied in the complex diagnostics of prolonged second stage of labor.

scholarly journals Role of Perineal Length Estimation in The Prediction of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sabah R. H. Ahmed ◽  
Hala A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Context: Female perineum is a significant part of females because perineal tears and episiotomy habitually happen in childbirth with first-time deliveries. Aim: This study aimed to explore the role of perineal length (PL) estimation in the prediction of maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: A prospective cohort observational design used to collect data from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboring room, Kafrelsheikh General Hospital, Kafrelsheikh City, Egypt. A purposive sample of 139 parturient women recruited during the period from the first of December 2018 to the end of August 2019. Six tools used to conduct this study. Maternal and newborn characteristics questionnaire, disposable standardized paper tape for measuring PL in centimeters, a standardized scale for measuring maternal height by meters, and body weight in kilograms to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) (k/m2), REEDA scale, partograph for labor process and Apgar score. Results: There were statistically significant differences regarding the mean age, previous episiotomy and cesarean section of both studied groups (PL less than or equal to 4 cm and more than 4 cm) at p-value <0.001. Out of 139 parturient women, the two groups of PL less than or more than 4 cm had 16.7% versus 56.9%, respectively had normal vaginal delivery, with a statistically significant difference between both groups, while 46.7% versus 6.3% respectively had an episiotomy. However, the mean duration of the second stage of labor had statistically significant differences between both studied groups, with 116.7 ± 44.3 versus 85.1 ± 42.0, respectively. Additionally; Mean birth weight/grams, cephalohematoma, caput succedaneum, and mean APGAR score after 5 minutes had a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Short perineum accompanied by increased duration of the second stage of labor. Cesarean section delivery and perineal trauma are associated with primigravida with short perineum. Regarding the mean APGAR score after 5 minutes, there were statistically significant differences between both studied groups. Maternity and newborn health nursing need to improve the illustration of the risk factors that can lead to undesirable consequences

scholarly journals Lens Lipid Peroxides and Glutathione Concentrations in Diabetic Cataract

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Özmen ◽  
I Mutaf ◽  
B Özmen ◽  
J Mentes ◽  
O Bayindir
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radical Damage

This study aims to explore the role of reactive oxygen radicals in the genesis of diabetic cataract. Lipid peroxide (LPO) concentrations in senile ( n = 30) and diabetic ( n = 14) cataractous lenses, were determined as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) by a method modified from Satoh and Yagi, and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were measured according to Beutler. Lens LPO levels (mean, SD; nmol TBARS/g protein) were significantly higher in diabetics (107·54, 18·12) than senile cataractous subjects (53·54, 15·48) ( P < 0·0001). Lens GSH levels (mean, SD; nmol/g protein) showed no significant difference between diabetics (4·29, 2·05) and senile cataractous subjects (4·68, 3·12). These results suggest that free radical damage is more effective in the genesis of diabetic cataract than in senile cataract.

scholarly journals Buprenorphine and Methadone as Opioid Maintenance Treatments for Heroin-Addicted Patients Induce Oxidative Stress in Blood

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christonikos Leventelis ◽  
Nikolaos Goutzourelas ◽  
Aikaterini Kortsinidou ◽  
Ypatios Spanidis ◽  
Georgia Toulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Beneficial Action ◽  
The Impact

Buprenorphine and methadone are two substances widely used in the substitution treatment of patients who are addicted to opioids. Although it is known that they partly act efficiently towards this direction, there is no evidence regarding their effects on the redox status of patients, a mechanism that could potentially improve their action. Therefore, the aim of the present investigation was to examine the impact of buprenorphine and methadone, which are administered as substitutes to heroin-dependent patients on specific redox biomarkers in the blood. From the results obtained, both the buprenorphine (n=21) and the methadone (n=21) groups exhibited oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant defence. This was evident by the decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration and catalase activity in erythrocytes and the increased concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls in the plasma, while there was no significant alteration of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the healthy individuals (n=29). Furthermore, methadone revealed more severe oxidant action compared to buprenorphine. Based on relevant studies, the tested substitutes mitigate the detrimental effects of heroin on patient redox status; still it appears that they need to be boosted. Therefore, concomitant antioxidant administration could potentially enhance their beneficial action, and most probably, buprenorphine that did not induce oxidative stress in such a severe mode as methadone, on the regulation of blood redox status.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Membrane Stabilizing Properties of the Flowering Tops of Anthocephalus Cadamba

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ashraful Alam ◽  
Abdul Ghani ◽  
Nusrat Subhan ◽  
M. Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
M. Shamsul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

The hydroethanolic extract of Anthocephalus cadamba displayed remarkable antioxidative potential in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the hydrogen peroxide, the nitric oxide scavenging, the reducing power, the total antioxidant capacity, the lipid peroxidation inhibition (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances production), and the RBC membrane stabilization assays. While in the DPPH assay the IC50 value of the extract was 146.5 μg/mL, it was 24.8 μg/mL in the nitric oxide scavenging assay.

scholarly journals Studies on the biological effects of ozone: 8. Effects on the total antioxidant status and on interleukin-8 production

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bocci ◽  
G. Valacchi ◽  
F. Corradeschi ◽  
G. Fanetti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Protein Thiol ◽  
Cytokine Induction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Ozone (O3) is a controversial gas because, owing to its potent oxidant properties, it exerts damaging effects on the respiratory tract and yet it has been used for four decades as a therapy. While the disinfectant activity of O3is understandable, it is less clear how other biological effects can be elicited in human blood with practically no toxicity. On the other hand plasma and cells are endowed with a powerful antioxidant system so that a fairly wide range of O3concentrations between 40 and 80μ g/ml per gram of blood (˜0.83-1.66 mM) are effective but not deleterious. After blood ozonation total antioxidant status (TAS) and plasma protein thiol groups (PTG) decrease by 20% and 25%, respectively, while thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) increases up to fivefold. The increase of haemolysis is negligible suggesting that the erythrocyte membrane is spared at the expense of other sacrificial substrates. While there is a clear relationship between the ozone dose and IL-8 levels, we have noticed that high TAS and PTG values inhibit the cytokine production. This is in line with the current idea that hydrogen peroxide, as a byproduct of O3decomposition, acts as a messenger for the cytokine induction.

scholarly journals Lower Segment Cesarean Section in Second Stage of Labor: Comparison of Patwardhan Method with Conventional Pushing Method (A 3-year Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-265
Author(s):  
Kumudini Pradhan ◽  
Prakash Mishra ◽  
Nihar R Bhoi ◽  
Lalmohan Nayak ◽  
Mitanjali Sethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Lower Segment Cesarean Section

scholarly journals Obstetrical Problems Of Conjoined Twins

1972 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
D. Ruskiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Second Stage

The analysis concerns 16 cases of births of conjoined twins reported in the Polish literature. Cesarean section was applied in 2 cases, while 13 cases were spontaneously delivered without destructive operations. Embryotomy was necessary in 1 case. Liveborn fetuses were 7, while 9 were stillborn; 6 were male and 10 female. The heaviest body weight amounted to 5810 g, and the lowest to 1200 g. When the diagnosis of live conjoined twins is possible before the second stage of labor, Cesarean section should be performed. Treatment during vaginal delivery depends on the ensuing conditions.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Action of Solid Preparation of Xingnaojing in SHRSP

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Naomi Yasui ◽  
Aya Kishimoto ◽  
Jian-ning Sun ◽  
Katsumi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Action ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Total Antioxidant

We investigated the antioxidant action of a solid preparation of Xingnaojing (XNJ) and ascorbic acid (AA) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). The total antioxidant states in the plasma, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate were measured every 2 weeks, and lipid peroxidation, expressed as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in plasma, was measured in the 6th week. The results showed that AA and XNJ significantly increased the total antioxidant status in plasma and reduced malondialdehyde in the plasma. These data suggest that during 6-week administration, XNJ has antioxidant action on SHRSP, which may relate to its generalized inhibition of lipid peroxidation and promotion of the total antioxidant state. These results demonstrated that orally treated XNJ has an antioxidant effect on SHRSP plasma.

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