scholarly journals The Border River Phenomenon: the Example of the River Mura

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Zajc
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Anthropogenic Effects ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
River Bed ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

The Author analyses two long-term aspects of the border river phenomenon with the example of the river Mura: a) the relationship between the river bed, the boundaryline, and the anthropogenic effects on the river; b) discovering the historical structures through the perspective of border disputes. The "common sense" ideas about border rivers imply that the river bed and the boundaryline usually match. However, in the actual landscape and cartographic representations, the differences between these elements can be significant.

Using the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation to Understand the Relationship Between Symptom Reporting and Trait Negative Affect

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. McAndrew ◽  
Pablo A. Mora ◽  
Karen S. Quigley ◽  
Elaine A. Leventhal ◽  
Howard Leventhal
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Symptom Reporting ◽  
Common Sense Model ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sense Model

INTEGRATION OF MODAL AND FUZZY METHODS OF KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION IN ARTIFICIAL AGENTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
RADOSLAW P. KATARZYNIAK ◽  
GRZEGORZ POPEK
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Cognitive Agents ◽  
Fuzzy Methods ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fuzzy Linguistic ◽  
Cognitive Attitude

To enable artificial systems to meaningfully use a semantic language of communication is one of the long-term and key targets not only in the field of artificial cognitive agents, but also of AI research in general. Given existing solutions for grounding of modal statements of a language of communication and an idea to model internal concepts of the agent as zadehian fuzzy-linguistic concepts, this paper shows how to meaningfully combine the two within a single framework. An accomplished goal is a model for grounding of modal and non-modal statements of a language of communication based on concepts modelled internally as fuzzy sets spanned over the domain of observation. This paper describes a way in which fuzzy-linguistic concepts are activated by perceptual inputs and how an agents grounds respective non-modal statements. Further, an agent supposed to describe an unobserved part of the environment can use autoepistemic operators of possibility, belief, and knowledge to describe its cognitive attitude toward it. It is discussed how the modal extensions of statements with fuzzy-linguistic concepts should be grounded in order to preserve the common-sense. The resulting constraints put on the model of grounding are formally represented in a form of analytical restrictions put on the so-called relation of epistemic satisfaction.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Stress Beliefs: Literature Integration, Measurement Issues, and Theoretical Concerns

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-610
Author(s):  
Christopher J Kilby ◽  
Kerry A Sherman ◽  
Viviana M Wuthrich
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Common Sense Model ◽  
The Common ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sense Model

Abstract Background Individual stress beliefs are associated with stress-related behavioral responses and health consequences. The Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation may help in understanding the role of stress beliefs in these behavioral responses and consequences. Purpose To synthesize empirical studies exploring the relationship between stress beliefs and stress-related behavioral responses and health consequences using the Common-Sense Model as a guiding framework. Methods Peer-reviewed journal articles on stress beliefs in PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts were included if they were in English, reported on adult humans. Nineteen of the 1,972 unique articles reporting on 24 studies met inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed with existing reporting criteria. Results Four of the five Common-Sense Model representations were included across the review studies, namely Identity, Cause, Consequences, and Control. Consequences and Control-related stress beliefs are associated with stress-based health and behavioral outcomes. One study explored Identity-related stress beliefs with health outcomes, reporting no relationship. No study assessed the relationship between Cause-related stress beliefs and behaviors or health outcomes. No study has explored any aspect of Timeline-related stress beliefs. Study quality ranged from very low to very high. Conclusions There is limited evidence exploring stress-related beliefs and behaviors and health outcomes. According to the Common-Sense Model, the Timeline representations remains to be investigated in the stress context, and Identity and Cause are under-researched. This review highlights future directions for stress beliefs research.

Ferrier, Common Sense and Consciousness

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Modern Philosophy ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Philosophical Inquiry ◽  
Distinctive Aspect ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Sense Philosophy ◽  
British Idealism ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Relationship

James Frederick Ferrier developed his philosophy from a common sense background. However, his rejection of common sense philosophy in particular and Enlightenment philosophy in general results in the development of a system of idealism. In his series of lectures ‘An Introduction to the Philosophy of Consciousness - Parts I to VII’, which appeared in Blackwoods Magazine (1838–39), he outlines the problem with modern philosophy and argues that philosophy should follow a new direction. In his view, the most peculiar and interesting aspect of humanity is consciousness. He contends that the attempt to develop a ‘science of man’ is impossible because it transforms a person into an object of study and thereby fails to capture the most distinctive aspect of humanity, namely, consciousness. According to Ferrier, philosophy should be an extension of consciousness itself; it is: ‘consciousness sublimed’. This paper will outline the central arguments in ‘An Introduction to the Philosophy of Consciousness’ and show that an early example of British idealism was not only developed out of the common sense tradition but shares with common sense philosophy a focus on the immediate evidence of consciousness, placing the relationship between thought and world at the centre of philosophical inquiry.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Anti-Hypertensive Drugs and Cancer: Anxiety to be Resolved in Urgent

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Yang ◽  
Yonggang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyang Liao ◽  
Yi Yao ◽  
Chuanying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Hypertension is the prevailing independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease worldwide. Anti-hypertensive drugs are the common and effective cure for lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. However, some large-scale clinical studies have pointed out that long-term ingestion of some oral anti-hypertensive drugs was associated with risks of incident cancer and the survival time. In contrast, other studies argue that anti-hypertensive drugs are not related to the occurrence of cancer, even as a complementary therapy of tumor treatment. To resolve the dispute, numerous recent mechanistic studies using animal models have tried to find the causal link between cancer and different anti-hypertensive drugs. However, the results were often contradictory. Such uncertainties have taken a toll on hypertensive patients. In this review, we will summarize advances of longitudinal studies in the association between anti-hypertensive drugs and related tumor risks that have helped to move the field forward from associative to causative conclusions, in hope of providing a reference for more rigorous and evidence-based clinical research on the topic to guide the clinical decision making.

scholarly journals The influence of evaluative right/wrong feedback on phonological and semantic processes in word learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 171496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saloni Krishnan ◽  
Elise Sellars ◽  
Helena Wood ◽  
Dorothy V. M. Bishop ◽  
Kate E. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Word Learning ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Semantic Property ◽  
Evaluative Feedback ◽  
Phonological Form ◽  
The Common

Feedback is typically incorporated in word learning paradigms, in both research studies and commercial language learning apps. While the common-sense view is that feedback is helpful during learning, relatively little empirical evidence exists about the role of feedback in spoken vocabulary learning. Some work has suggested that long-term word learning is not enhanced by the presence of feedback, and that words are best learned implicitly. It is also plausible that feedback might have differential effects when learners focus on learning semantic facts, or when they focus on learning a new phonological sequence of sounds. In this study, we assess how providing evaluative (right/wrong) feedback on a spoken response influences two different components of vocabulary learning, the learning of a new phonological form, and the learning of a semantic property of the phonological form. We find that receiving evaluative feedback improves retention of phonological forms, but not of semantic facts.

Proximities of Violence: Civil Order Beyond Governance Institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 680-691
Author(s):  
Sarah G Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
Civil Order ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Support Order

AbstractThis article is concerned with the relationship between the quality of a country's governance institutions and the degree of civil order it experiences. Using evidence from Somaliland, it argues that order and peaceful cohabitation can be sustained not only when, but even partly because, governance institutions are incapable of reliably controlling violence. It suggests that Somaliland's postconflict peace is less grounded in the constraining power of its governance institutions than in a powerful discourse about the country's structural, temporal, and physical proximity to war. Through its sensitivity to the ease with which peace gives way to war, this discourse indirectly harnesses an apparent propensity to disorder as a source of order. This case challenges the “common sense” causal relationship between institutions and order. If either the strength or the weakness of institutions can offer foundations for order, then neither quality can be assigned as its cause without also being its effect. This has important implications beyond Somaliland by suggesting that, if weak institutions can support order under certain discursive conditions, then discourse—which is inherently fluid—also mediates the relationship between robust institutions and order. This makes them more susceptible to rapid change than usually imagined.

International Heritage Law for Communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Lixinski
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Blind Spots ◽  
Made In

This book critically engages the shortcomings of the field of international heritage law, seen through the lenses of the five major UNESCO treaties for the safeguarding of different types of heritage. It argues that these five treaties have, by design or in their implementation, effectively prevented local communities, who bear the brunt of the costs associated with international heritage protection, from having a say in how their heritage is managed. The exclusion of local communities often alienates them not only from international decision-making processes but also from their cultural heritage itself, ultimately meaning that systems put in place for the protection of cultural heritage contribute to its disappearance in the long term. The book adds to existing literature by looking at these UNESCO treaties not as isolated regimes, which is the common practice in the field, but rather as belonging to a discursive continuum on cultural heritage. Rather than scrutinizing the regimes themselves, the book focuses on themes that cut across the relevant UNESCO regimes, such as the use of expert rule in international heritage law, economics, and the relationship between heritage and the environment. It uses this mechanism to highlight the blind spots and unintended consequences of UNESCO treaties and how choices made in their drafting have continuing and potentially negative impacts on how we think about and safeguard heritage. The book is of interest to cultural heritage scholars and practitioners across all disciplines, as well as to international lawyers interested in the dynamics of fragmented subfields.

scholarly journals Estudo comparativo das receitas das câmaras de Vila Rica e Vila de São João del Rei, 1719-1750 (Comparative study of the revenue of the council of Vila Rica and Vila de São João del Rei, 1719-1750)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (25) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Fernanda Fioravante Kelmer Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Common Good ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

<p>O presente artigo tem por objetivo a discussão acerca das receitas das câmaras mineiras de Vila Rica e Vila de São João del Rei entre os anos de 1719 e 1750. De modo geral, a historiografia sobre o tema, seja em Portugal, seja no Brasil, apesar de pouco sistemática, defende o senso comum de que as receitas das câmaras no período moderno eram bastante modestas. Dessa forma, para melhor compreender os números da receita camarária, especialmente no que concerne à atuação da câmara frente ao bem comum dos povos e ordenação da sociedade, busquei realizar uma análise pormenorizada e sistemática da receita anual de duas importantes câmaras mineiras na primeira metade do século XVIII, bem como inserir a discussão dentro do debate historiográfico atinente aos recursos da câmara. Para além, o artigo em questão assume uma perspectiva comparativa tanto no que concerne aos dados fornecidos pela historiografia, quanto em relação às duas câmaras em apreço.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In general, both in Portugal and in Brazil, the historiography on the subject, although unsystematic, defends the common sense that the revenue from the council in the modern period was rather modest. Thus, to better understand the revenue of the council, especially in relation to the performance of the council in the common good of the people and in the ordering of society, the article examines in detail the revenue of the two major councils of captaincy of Minas Gerais in the first half eighteenth century. The text also contextualizes the discussion within the historiographical debate on the subject. The article analyses the data provided by the historiography, and the relationship between the two councils, from a comparative perspective.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Colonial Minas; Council’s revenue; Council’s function.</p>

The Effects of Exposure to Political Violence on Children: Does Violence Beget Violence?

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Common ◽  
Effects Of Violence ◽  
The Relationship

Concerns have been expressed about the effects of years of exposure to political violence on South Africa's children. In particular there are fears that children have been dehumanized and that they believe that violence is an acceptable way of resolving differences. In spite of the common-sense status of this idea there is considerable disagreement about it within the international research literature on the psychological effects of violence. In this article it is argued that much of this disagreement arises out of the lack of clarity about what is meant by the question ‘does violence beget violence?’. The author critically evaluates the different theoretical perspectives within which the question might be posed and their relative usefulness in understanding the effects of political violence in South Africa. It is also argued that the most useful way of understanding the relationship between the experience of violence and subsequent violent behaviour is not in terms of direct causality but rather in terms of the more complex interrelationships between intrapsychic and social factors. In this process the question is shifted out of the prior simplistic form within which it is most often understood and reconstructed within the more sophisticated explanatory paradigm of psychoanalysis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document