Transition of the Kinship Structure: The Aristocracy of Limousin in the 11th-12th centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 103-135
Author(s):  
Seung-Hyun CHA
Keyword(s):  
Kinship Structure

THE PARTICULAR STRUCTURAL TRAITS OF THE MIGRATION CATHOLIC COMMUNITY IN THE SOUTHERN VIETNAM

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Loc Duc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Religious Organization ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Kinship Structure ◽  
Structural Traits

The Vietnamese Catholic community is not only a religious community but also a traditional village with relationships based on kinship and/or sharing the same residential area, similar economic activities, and religious activities. In this essay, we are interested in examining migrating Catholic communities which were shaped and reshaped within the historical context of Viet Nam war in 1954. They were established after the migration of millions of Catholics from Northern to Southern Viet Nam immediately after Geneva Agreement in 1954. Therefore, by examining the particular structural traits of the emigration Catholic Communities we attempt to reconstruct the reproducing process of village structure based on the communities’ triple structure: kinship structure, governmental structure and religious organization.

Why Was There a Transition from an Elementary Kinship Structure to a Complex One?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Valentine ◽  
Lionel D. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Cousin Marriage ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Government Project ◽  
Kinship Structure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Parallel Case ◽  
Rubber Boom ◽  
San Carlos ◽  
The Village

During the 1930s in the Venezuelan village of San Carlos de Río Negro, the Baré practiced cross-cousin marriage. However, by the 1980s they married hypergamously among the Curripaco, Geral, and Criollos, all of whom had recently migrated to the village. There is considerable historical material on San Carlos, which when coupled with fieldwork, facilitate the formulation of a number of hypotheses to test what best accounts for this transformation of marital rules. Lévi-Strauss predicted the causes of the breakdown of elementary kinship structures and the creation of complex ones; this chapter suggests an alternative scenario. In a parallel case, Curripaco women migrated to San Carlos in the 1970s and 1980s, could marry someone employed directly or indirectly in the government project, Codesur (Comisión para el Desarrollo del Sur), and became incorporated into the complex kinship structure of this ex–rubber boom village. This chapter suggests their social transformation sheds light on the Baré transformation of some forty years earlier.

scholarly journals Monotocy and the evolution of plural breeding in mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Lukas ◽  
Tim Clutton-Brock
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Evolutionary Transitions ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Size Stability ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Kinship Structure ◽  
Competition For Food ◽  
Plural Breeding

Abstract In many mammals, breeding females are intolerant of each other and seldom associate closely but, in some, they aggregate in groups that vary in size, stability, and kinship structure. Aggregation frequently increases competition for food, and interspecific differences in female sociality among mammals are commonly attributed to contrasts in ecological parameters, including variation in activity timing, the distribution of resources, as well as the risk of predation. However, there is increasing indication that differences in female sociality are also associated with phylogenetic relationships and with contrasts in life-history parameters. We show here that evolutionary transitions from systems where breeding females usually occupy separate ranges (“singular breeding”) to systems where breeding females usually aggregate (“plural breeding”) have occurred more frequently in monotocous lineages where females produce single young than in polytocous ones where they produce litters. A likely explanation of this association is that competition between breeding females for resources is reduced where they produce single young and is more intense where they produce litters. Our findings reinforce evidence that variation in life-history parameters plays an important role in shaping the evolution of social behavior.

scholarly journals Contrasts in kinship structure in mammalian societies

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Dyble ◽  
Tim H Clutton-Brock
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Competitive Behavior ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Relative Rarity ◽  
Kinship Structure ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Comparative studies of mammals confirm Hamilton’s prediction that differences in cooperative and competitive behavior across species will be related to contrasts in kinship between group members. Although theoretical models have explored the factors affecting kinship within social groups, few have analyzed the causes of contrasts in kinship among related species. Here, we describe interspecific differences in average kinship between group members among social mammals and show that a simple mathematical model that includes the number of breeding females, male reproductive skew, and litter size successfully predicts ~95% of observed variation in average kinship between group members across a sample of mammals. Our model shows that a wide range of conditions can generate groups with low average relatedness but only a small and rather specific set of conditions are likely to generate high average levels of relatedness between their members, providing insight into the relative rarity of advanced forms of cooperation in mammalian societies.

Kinship, Emigration, and Trade Partnership among the Lebanese of West Africa

Africa ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad I. Khuri
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Kinship Structure ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
Upper Volta

Opening ParagraphThis article describes the kinship structure of some Lebanese communities in West Africa, and the resemblances they bear to the communities from which they originated in Lebanon. It also shows the extent to which kinship ties promote emigration, and the kind of trade partnership normally practised by kinsmen. Two communities are considered: the Greek Orthodox community in Ouagadougou (Upper Volta), and the Shi'ite Muslim community in Magburaka (Sierra Leone).

The Terentian Marriage Plot: Reproducing Fathers and Sons

Ramus ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Lape
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Marriage Plot ◽  
Back Seat ◽  
Love Relationship ◽  
Relationship Conflicts ◽  
Primary Obstacle ◽  
Kinship Structure ◽  
Fathers And Sons ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, I examine what it means to be a father, a son, and the father-son relationship in three Terentian comedies, the Andria, Self-Tormentor, and Adelphoe. Like the Menandrian originals on which they are based, these plays all employ a marriage plot centring on a young man's efforts to win and or retain his beloved in marriage or a temporary union. In each case, the story (or stories) about the romantic union of a young man and woman takes a back seat to a story about the negotiations between men needed to forge that union. As in Menander's plays, this homosocial orientation invests Terence's marriage plot with a dense network of cultural and ideological concerns. These concerns surface most clearly in the characterisation of the obstacle to the young man's relationship. In the plays under consideration here, the primary obstacle to the marriage or love relationship is the young man's father. In most cases, the fathers only object to their sons having relationships with non-marriageable women when they (the fathers) decide that it is time for their sons to marry. Significantly, the perceived status discrepancy does not operate as an absolute barrier to the young man's romantic relationship in the father's eyes (as in Menander's extant plays and fragments). Rather, the problem arises when the son's desire to remain in the relationship conflicts with his father's desire that he marry a respectable woman. Because the obstacle is framed in this way—as a direct confrontation between the discordant desires of fathers and sons—Terence's marriage plots provide an important window on the ideology of the Roman family and its kinship structure.

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